英和和英

別の表記

• surprize (archaic)
• suprise (misspelling)

語源

From 中期英語 surprise, borrowed from Middle French surprise (“an overtake”), nominal use of the past participle of Old French sorprendre (“to overtake”), from sor- (“over”) + prendre (“to take”), from Latin super- + Latin prendere, contracted from prehendere (“to grasp, seize”). Doublet of suppli.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /sə(ː)ˈpɹaɪ̯z/
• (General American)
  • IPA: /sɚˈpɹaɪ̯z/
  • IPA: /səˈpɹaɪ̯z/ (r-dissimilation)
• (Southern 米国発音, /aɪ̯/-ungliding)
  • IPA: /sɚˈpɹaːz/
  • IPA: /səˈpɹaːz/ (r-dissimilation)
• (General Australian, New Zealand) IPA: /sə(ː)ˈpɹɑ̟ɪ̯z/, /sə(ː)ˈpɹɒ̈ɪ̯z/
• (Indic) IPA: /sə(r)ˈprajs/, (spelling pronunciation) /ˈsɜ(r)ˌprajs/
• 韻: -aɪz
• ハイフネーション: sur‧prise

名詞

surprise (countable and uncountable, plural surprises)

1. Something unexpected.

   It was a surprise to find out I owed twice as much as I thought.

   It came as a surprise when he succeed.

   • 2012 September 7, Phil McNulty, “Moldova 0-5 England”, in BBC Sport:

     England were graphically illustrating the huge gulf in class between the sides and it was no surprise when Lampard added the second just before the half hour. Steven Gerrard found his Liverpool team-mate Glen Johnson and Lampard arrived in the area with perfect timing to glide a header beyond Namasco.

   • 2013 August 14, Daniel Taylor, “Rickie Lambert’s debut goal gives England victory over Scotland”, in The Guardian‎:

     They had begun brightly but the opening goal was such a blow to their confidence it almost came as a surprise when Walcott, running through the inside-right channel, beat the offside trap and, checking back on to his left foot, turned a low shot beyond Allan McGregor in the Scotland goal.

   • 2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)

     Surprise! - A party! Awesome!

   • 2021 October 20, “Stop & Examine”, in RAIL, number 942, page 71:

     She bought the model as a surprise gift for a friend who is a lifelong HST fan and railwayman, and who will soon be celebrating a milestone birthday.

   1. A mess of feces, left by a pet or small child in an unexpected place or at an unexpected time.

      After the housecleaners drove off, the cat left a surprise for us on the carpet.

2. The feeling that something unexpected has happened.

   Imagine my surprise on learning I owed twice as much as I thought I did.

   • 1963, Margery Allingham, “Eye Witness”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC, page 249:

     The story struck the depressingly familiar note with which true stories ring in the tried ears of experienced policemen. […] The second note, the high alarum, not so familiar and always important since it indicates the paramount sin in Man’s private calendar, took most of them by surprise although they had been well prepared.

同意語

• (something unexpected): more than one bargained for
• (attributively: unexpected): unexpected
• (feeling): astonishment
• (start): give one a start

派生語

関連する語

• quelle surprise

動詞

surprise (third-person singular simple present surprises, present participle surprising, simple past and past participle surprised)

1. (transitive) To cause (someone) to feel unusually alarmed or delighted by something unexpected.

   It surprises me that I owe twice as much as I thought I did.

2. (transitive) To do something to (a person) that they are not expecting, as a surprise.

   He doesn’t know that I’m in the country – I thought I’d turn up at his house and surprise him.

3. (intransitive) To undergo or witness something unexpected.

   He doesn’t surprise easily.

4. (intransitive) To cause surprise.
5. (transitive) To attack unexpectedly.
6. (transitive) To take unawares.
   • 1838 (date written), L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter IX, in Lady Anne Granard; or, Keeping up Appearances. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […], published 1842, →OCLC, page 112:

     "You were right," replied Isabella, "and I should not have surprised your confidence, had I not had something I wished to say. I know what you mean to do with Mr. Glentworth's gift—a marriage would scarcely be one without wedding-dresses—he has been equally generous to me, and you must keep the money till it is wanted, which, I hope, will be soon."

同意語

• (to come upon unexpectedly): overtake

派生語

間投詞

surprise

1. Drawing attention to a surprising action by oneself.

   "Surprise!" we shouted as we jumped out from the cupboard. "Happy birthday!"

2. (sarcastic) Drawing attention to something that should have been obvious.
   • 2013, John Connell, Beginning Visual Basic 6 Database Programming, page 129:

     When we add code modules, we will have an additional folder called (surprise!) Modules.

アナグラム

• spurries, uprisers