Monumentとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 monument, from Old French monument, from Latin monumentum (“memorial”), from monēre (“to remind”).

発音

• (General American) IPA: /ˈmɑnjʊmənt/, /ˈmɑnjəmənt/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈmɒnjʊmənt/
• ハイフネーション: mon‧u‧ment

名詞

monument (plural monuments)

1. A structure built for commemorative or symbolic reasons, or as a memorial; a commemoration.

   There is a monument on the town green to the soldiers who died in World War I.

2. An important site owned by the community as a whole.
3. (British) a registered archaeological site or other structure, deemed historic or otherwise worthy of protection.
4. A sign of exceptional achievement.
   • 1897, Richard Marsh, The Beetle:

     The cab pulled up in front of a tumbledown cheap ‘villa’ in an unfinished cheap neighbourhood, — the whole place a living monument of the defeat of the speculative builder.

   • 1961 October, “Talking of Trains: Last of the M.S.W.J.R.”, in Trains Illustrated, page 586:

     The line became a monument to his drive and imagination — and a hard training course for the future chief of the Great Central.

5. An important burial vault or tomb.
6. Any grave marker.
7. A legal document.
8. A surveying reference point marked by a permanently fixed marker (a survey monument).
9. A pile of stones left by a prospector to claim ownership of ore etc. found in a mine.
10. (surveying) A natural or artificial object used as a reference point.
11. A surviving record.
    • 1896, Auguste Brachet, Paget Toynbee, A Historical Grammar of the French Language (Clarendon Press series)‎, Clarendon Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 15:

      This linguistic fragment, rough as it may appear, is of the highest interest; for it is the first written monument of the French language, eleven hundred years old.

    • 2018 June 11, Jared Klein, Brian Joseph, Matthias Fritz, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK])‎, Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, →ISBN, →OCLC:

      Czech was long used as a written language also by the Slovaks; the earliest existing Slovak monument is the Žilina Town Book from the late 15 century

12. (cycling) Alternative spelling of Monument (“prestigious one-day race”).

下位語

派生語

関連する語

動詞

monument (third-person singular simple present monuments, present participle monumenting, simple past and past participle monumented)

1. (transitive) To mark or memorialize with a monument.
2. (transitive) To place a surveyor's monument at.
   • 1985, Input Formats and Specifications of the National Geodetic Survey Data Base, pages 3-8:

     Enter the year the marker was monumented. If the year cannot be determined , enter " UNK " .

   • 2009, Stephen V. Estopinal, A Guide to Understanding Land Surveys, page 91:

     Having chosen and monumented the initial point, the surveyor established the "principal meridian" by traversing north and south from the initial point.

   • 2012, T. J. Blachut, A. Chrzanowski, J. H. Saastamoinen, Urban Surveying and Mapping, page 69:

     The first-order network is usually monumented on the roofs of buildings; ground stations are used only in suburban districts.

Further reading

• “monument”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “monument”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.