abideとは

意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /əˈbaɪd/
• (米国発音) IPA^(key): /əˈbaɪd/
• 韻: -aɪd

動詞

abide (third-person singular simple present abides, present participle abiding, simple past abode or abided, past participle abode or abided or (まれに) abidden)

1. (transitive) To endure without yielding; to withstand; await defiantly; to encounter; to persevere. [from mid-12th century]^[2]

   The old oak tree abides the wind endlessly.

2. (transitive) To bear patiently; to tolerate; to put up with; stand. [from late 15th century]^[2]
   • c. 1596–1599, William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene ii], page 87, column 2:

     Neuer neuer: ſhe would alwayes ſay ſhee could not abide M[aster] Shallow.

3. (transitive) To pay for; to stand the consequences of; to answer for; to suffer for; to atone for. [from late 16th century]^[2]
   • 1667, John Milton, “Book IV”, in Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books, London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], OCLC 228722708; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, OCLC 230729554:

     Ay me, they little know / How dearly I abide that boaſt ſo vaine, / Under what torments inwardly I groane […]

   • 1599, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Iulius Cæsar”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene ii], page 122, column 1:

     If it be found ſo, ſome will deere abide it.

4. Used in a phrasal verb: abide by (“to accept かつ act in accordance with”).

   The new teacher was strict and the students did not want to abide by his rules.

5. (intransitive, obsolete) To wait in expectation. [from mid-12th to mid-17th century]^[2]
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Genesis 22:5:

     And Abraham ſaid vnto his yong men, Abide you here with the aſſe, and I and the lad will goe yonder and worſhip, and come againe to you.

6. (intransitive, obsolete) To pause; to delay. [from c. 1150-1350 to mid-17th century]^[2]
7. (intransitive, archaic) To stay; to continue in a place; to remain stable or fixed in some state or condition; to be left. [from c. 1150-1350]^[2]
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, 1 Corinthians 7:20:

     Let euery man abide in the ſame calling wherein he was called.

   • John 15|1-8|If you‘’’abide’’’in Me and My words ‘’’abide’’’in you, you will ask what you desire and it shall be done for you.
8. (intransitive, archaic) To have one's abode; to dwell; to reside; to sojourn. [from c. 1350-1470]^[2]
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Genesis 24:55:

     And her brother and her mother ſaid, Let the damſell abide with vs a few dayes, at the leaſt ten ; after that, ſhe ſhall goe.

9. (intransitive, archaic) To endure; to remain; to last. [from c. 1350-1470]^[2]
   • 1998, The Big Lebowski, spoken by Narrator (Sam Elliot):

     The Dude abides.

10. (transitive, archaic) To stand ready for; to await for someone; watch for. [from early 12th century]^[2]
    • 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, chapter viij, in Le Morte Darthur, book XIII:

      Allas sayd she that euer I sawe yow / but he that suffred vpon the crosse for alle mankynde he be vnto yow good conduyte and saufte / and alle the hole felauship / Ryght soo departed Launcelot / & fond his felauship that abode his comyng / and so they mounted on their horses / and rode thorou the strete of Camelot

    • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Acts 20:23:

      Saue that the holy Ghoſt witneſſeth in euery city, ſaying that bonds and afflictions abide me.

    • 1856-1885, Alfred Tennyson, Idylls of the King:

      I will abide the coming of my lord.

11. (transitive, obsolete) To endure or undergo a hard trial or a task; to stand up under. [from c. 1150-1350 to early 18th century.]^[2]
    • 1856-1885, Alfred Tennyson, Idylls of the King:

      […] And shalt abide her judgment on it.

12. (transitive, archaic) To await submissively; accept without question; submit to. [from c. 1350-1470.]^[2]
    • 1597, William Shakespeare, Richard II, [Act V, scene vi], page 45:

      The grand Conſpirator, Abbot of Weſtminſter, / With clog of Conſcience, and ſowre Melancholly, / Hath yeelded vp his body to the graue : / But here is Carlile, liuing to abide / Thy Kingly doome, and ſentence of his pride.

使用する際の注意点

• (bear patiently): Used in the negative form can't abide is used to indicate strong dislike.

同意語

• (endure without yielding): hold on, resist; See also Thesaurus:persevere
• (bear patiently): brook, put up with; See also Thesaurus:tolerate
• (wait in expectation): hold on, stay; See also Thesaurus:wait
• (have one's abode): dwell, live; See also Thesaurus:reside
• (endure; remain; last): See also Thesaurus:persist
• (stand ready for): await, wait for; See also Thesaurus:wait for

関連する語

• abide by
• abidest (古風な用法 second-person 単数形 present form; with “thou”)
• law-abiding

参考

• dwell
• live
• reside
• stay

参照