abideとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /əˈbaɪd/
• (米国発音) IPA^(key): /əˈbaɪd/
• 韻: -aɪd

動詞

abide (third-person singular simple present abides, present participle abiding, simple past abode or abided, past participle abode or abided or (まれに) abidden)

1. (transitive) To endure without yielding; to withstand. [from mid-12th c.]^[2]

   Synonyms: hold on, resist, persevere; see also Thesaurus:persevere

   The old oak tree abides the wind endlessly.

2. (transitive) To bear patiently. [from late 15th c.]^[2]

   Synonyms: brook, put up with, tolerate; see also Thesaurus:tolerate

   "I never could abide shoemakers," said an old servant,—and it ended in her marrying one.^[3]

   • 1593, anonymous, The Life and Death of Iacke Straw […], Act III:

     VVe will be Kings and Lords within our ſelues,
     And not abide the pride of tyrranie.

   • c. 1596–1599, William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene ii], page 87, column 2:

     Neuer neuer: ſhe would alwayes ſay ſhee could not abide M[aster] Shallow.

   • 1998, Joel and Ethan Coen, The Big Lebowski, spoken by The Big Lebowski (David Huddleston):

     By God sir. I will not abide another toe.

3. (transitive) To pay for; to stand the consequences of. [from late 16th c.]^[2]

   Synonyms: answer for, suffer, atone

   • [c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “A Midsommer Nights Dreame”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene ii], page 154, column 2:

     Diſparage not the faith thou doſt not know, / Leſt to thy perill thou abide it deare.]

   • 1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Iulius Cæsar”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene ii], page 122, column 1:

     If it be found ſo, ſome will deere abide it.

   • 1667, John Milton, “Book IV”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], OCLC 228722708; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, OCLC 230729554:

     Ay me, they little know / How dearly I abide that boaſt ſo vaine, / Under what torments inwardly I groane […]

4. Used in a phrasal verb: abide by (“to accept かつ act in accordance with”).

   The new teacher was strict and the students did not want to abide by his rules.

5. (intransitive, obsolete) To wait in expectation. [mid-12th–mid-17th c.]^[2]

   Synonyms: hold on, stay; see also Thesaurus:wait

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Genesis 22:5:

     And Abraham ſaid vnto his yong men, Abide you here with the aſſe, and I and the lad will goe yonder and worſhip, and come againe to you.

6. (intransitive, obsolete) To pause; to delay. [from ca. 1150—1350 to mid-17th c.]^[2]
7. (intransitive, archaic, Scotland) To stay; to continue in a place; to remain stable or fixed in some state or condition; to be left. [from ca. 1150—1350]^[2]
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Ecclesiastes 1:4:

     One generation passeth away, and another generation commeth: but the earth abideth for euer.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, 1 Corinthians 7:20:

     Let euery man abide in the ſame calling wherein he was called.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Luke 24:29:

     But they constrained him, saying, Abide with vs, for it is towards euening, and the day is farre spent: And he went in, to tarrie with them.

8. (intransitive, archaic) To have one's abode. [from ca. 1350—1470]^[2]

   Synonyms: dwell, live, reside; see also Thesaurus:reside

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Genesis 24:55:

     And her brother and her mother ſaid, Let the damſell abide with vs a few dayes, at the leaſt ten ; after that, ſhe ſhall goe.

   • 1953, Samuel Beckett, Watt, Olympia Press:

     In empty hush, in airless gloom, Mr. Knott abode, in the large room set aside for his exclusive enjoyment, and that of his attendant.

9. (intransitive, archaic) To endure; to remain; to last. [from ca. 1350—1470]^[2]
   • 1998, Joel and Ethan Coen, The Big Lebowski, spoken by Narrator (Sam Elliot):

     The Dude abides.

10. (transitive, archaic) To stand ready for; to await for someone; watch for. [from early 12th c.]^[2]

    Synonyms: await, wait for; see also Thesaurus:wait for

    • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Acts 20:23:

      Saue that the holy Ghoſt witneſſeth in euery city, ſaying that bonds and afflictions abide me.

    • 1859, Alfred Tennyson, “Enid”, in Idylls of the King, London: Edward Moxon & Co., […], OCLC 911789798, page 52:

      I will abide the coming of my lord.

11. (transitive, obsolete) To endure or undergo a hard trial or a task; to stand up under. [from ca. 1150—1350 to early 18th c.]^[2]
    • 1859, Alfred Tennyson, “Enid”, in Idylls of the King, London: Edward Moxon & Co., […], OCLC 911789798, page 31:

      […] And shalt abide her judgment on it.

12. (transitive, archaic) To await submissively; accept without question; submit to. [from ca. 1350—1470]^[2]
    • 1595 December 9 (first known performance), William Shakespeare, “The life and death of King Richard the Second”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act V, scene vi], page 45:

      The grand Conſpirator, Abbot of Weſtminſter, / With clog of Conſcience, and ſowre Melancholly, / Hath yeelded vp his body to the graue : / But here is Carlile, liuing to abide / Thy Kingly doome, and ſentence of his pride.

使用する際の注意点

• (bear patiently): The negative form can't abide is used to indicate strong dislike.

関連する語

• abidable / abideable
• abide by
• abider
• abiding-place
• law-abiding

参照

• “abide, v.” in the Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries.

アナグラム

• Beida, Bieda