kinとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English kin, kyn, ken, kun, from 古期英語 cynn (“kind, sort, rank, quality, family, generation, offspring, pedigree, kin, race, people, gender, sex, propriety, etiquette”), from Proto-Germanic *kunją (“race, generation, descent”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₁yom, from *ǵenh₁- (“to produce”). Cognate with Scots kin (“relatives, kinfolk”), North Frisian kinn, kenn (“gender, race, family, kinship”), Dutch kunne (“gender, sex”), Middle Low German kunne (“gender, sex, race, family, lineage”), Danish køn (“gender, sex”), Swedish kön (“gender, sex”), Icelandic kyn (“gender”), and through Indo-European, with Latin genus (“kind, sort, ancestry, birth”), Ancient Greek γένος (génos, “kind, race”), Sanskrit जनस् (jánas, “kind, race”), Albanian dhen (“(herd of) small cattle”).

名詞

kin (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 kin)

1. Race; family; breed; kind.
2. (collectively) Persons of the same race or family; kindred.
   • c. 1620, Francis Bacon, letter of advice to Sir George Villiers

     You are of kin, and so must be a friend to their persons.

   • 2014, Elizabeth Kolbert, The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History, Picador, →ISBN, page 84:

     Based on the number of teeth ammonites had—nine—it's believed that their closest living kin are octopuses.

3. One or more relatives, such as siblings or cousins, taken collectively.
4. Relationship; same-bloodedness or affinity; near connection or alliance, as of those having common descent.
   • 1814 July, [Jane Austen], chapter XIII, in Mansfield Park: A Novel. In Three Volumes, volume III, London: Printed for T[homas] Egerton, […], OCLC 39810224, page 248:

     Such sensations, however, were too near a kin to resentment to be long guiding Fanny's soliloquies.

5. Kind; sort; manner; way.

派生語

参考

• kith
• clan

Further reading

• kin at OneLook Dictionary Search
• Kin in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

形容詞

kin (not comparable)

1. Related by blood or marriage, akin. Generally used in "kin to".

   It turns out my back-fence neighbor is kin to one of my co-workers.

名詞

kin (複数形 kins)

1. A primitive Chinese musical instrument of the cittern kind, with from five to twenty-five silken strings.

   (Can we find かつ add a quotation of Riemann to this entry?)

   • 1840, Elijah Coleman Bridgman, Samuel Wells Williams, The Chinese Repository (page 40)

     If a musician were going to give a lecture upon the mathematical part of his art, he would find a very elegant substitute for the monochord in the Chinese kin.

名詞

kin (複数形 kins)

1. Alternative form of k'in

動詞

kin

1. Pronunciation spelling of can.

アナグラム

• -nik, Nik, ink

接尾辞

-kin

1. (now chiefly dialectal) Used to form adjectives expressing resemblance or likeness to, similar to -like.

   alkin

   Dutchkin

   ilkin

   weirdkin

   whatkin

2. A suffix used to form nouns having qualities of or belonging to a particular kind, class, or sort.

   otakukin

   otherkin

語源 2

From Middle English -kin, -ken (also as -ke, -k), perhaps from 古期英語 -ca, -ce, but more likely from Middle Dutch -ken (compare cognate Middle English -chin, -chen, from 古期英語 -ċin, -ċen), apparently representing Proto-Germanic *-ikīną, *-ukīną, a double diminutive, from *-ikaz, *-ukaz (> 古期英語 -oc) + *-īną (compare 古期英語 -en). Cognate with Dutch -ken, Low German -ken, German -chen, 古期英語 -ċen. More at -ock, -en.

接尾辞

-kin

2. (now archaic) Forming diminutives of nouns.

派生語

• bodkin
• boykin
• catkin
• devilkin
• demonkin
• fiendkin
• ladykin
• lambkin
• manikin
• munchkin
• napkin
• pannikin
• pumpkin

同意語

• -ie, -let, -ling, -ock

関連する語

• Jack (from Middle English Jankin)
• mannikin/mannequin
• ramekin/ramequin
• -kins

参考

• -chan

アナグラム

• -nik, Nik, ink

語源

From interleukin

接辞

-kin-

1. (pharmacology) a monoclonal antibody that targets interleukins

派生語

• canakinumab
• ustekinumab

関連する語

• -mab is the base suffix common to all monoclonal antibodies. (See that entry for full paradigm.)

名詞

k'in (複数形 k'ins)

1. A day, in the Mesoamerican Long Count calendar.