kinとは意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English kin, kyn, ken, kun, from 古期英語 cynn (“kind, sort, rank, quality, family, generation, offspring, pedigree, kin, race, people, gender, sex, propriety, etiquette”), from Proto-Germanic *kunją (“race, generation, descent”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₁yom, from *ǵenh₁- (“to produce”). Cognate with Scots kin (“relatives, kinfolk”), North Frisian kinn, kenn (“gender, race, family, kinship”), Dutch kunne (“gender, sex”), Middle Low German kunne (“gender, sex, race, family, lineage”), Danish køn (“gender, sex”), Swedish kön (“gender, sex”), Icelandic kyn (“gender”), and through Indo-European, with Latin genus (“kind, sort, ancestry, birth”), Ancient Greek γένος (génos, “kind, race”), Sanskrit जनस् (jánas, “kind, race”), Albanian dhen (“(herd of) small cattle”).

名詞

kin (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 kins または kin)

1. Race; family; breed; kind.
2. (collectively) Persons of the same race or family; kindred.
   • c. 1620, Francis Bacon, letter of advice to Sir George Villiers

     You are of kin, and so must be a friend to their persons.

   • 2014, Elizabeth Kolbert, The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History, Picador, →ISBN, page 84:

     Based on the number of teeth ammonites had—nine—it's believed that their closest living kin are octopuses.

3. One or more relatives, such as siblings or cousins, taken collectively.
   • 2016, Saraswati Raju, ‎Santosh Jatrana, Women Workers in Urban India (page 280)

     Among those who derive information related to work from personal contacts, nonkins, rather than kins, constitute the most important sources even for women.

4. Relationship; same-bloodedness or affinity; near connection or alliance, as of those having common descent.
   • 1814 July, [Jane Austen], chapter XIII, in Mansfield Park: […], volume III, London: […] T[homas] Egerton, […], OCLC 39810224, page 248:

     Such sensations, however, were too near a kin to resentment to be long guiding Fanny's soliloquies.

派生語

参考

• kith
• clan

Further reading

• kin at OneLook Dictionary Search
• Kin in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

形容詞

kin (not comparable)

1. Related by blood or marriage, akin. Generally used in "kin to".

   It turns out my back-fence neighbor is kin to one of my co-workers.

語源 2

Borrowed from Mandarin 琴 (qín), from a non-palatal dialect akin to Peking; or less likely, from Japanese 琴 (kin).

名詞

kin (複数形 kins)

1. Alternative form of qin (“Chinese string instrument”)
   • 1899, Hugo Riemann, Catechism of Musical History: History of musical instruments and history of tone-systems and notation

     Originally they had only two cither-like instruments, which had flat sound-boxes without fingerboards, over which were strung rather a large number (25) of strings of twisted silk — the kin and tsche.

   • 1840, Elijah Coleman Bridgman, Samuel Wells Williams, The Chinese Repository (page 40)

     If a musician were going to give a lecture upon the mathematical part of his art, he would find a very elegant substitute for the monochord in the Chinese kin.

動詞

kin (三人称単数 現在形 kins, 現在分詞 kinning, 過去形および過去分詞形 kinned)

1. (transitive, fandom slang) To identify with; as in empathize or emotionally relate to a fictional character.

名詞

kin (複数形 kins)

1. (fandom slang) A fictional character who one deeply relates to.
2. (fandom slang, in the form (character name) kin) Someone who relates deeply to a certain fictional character.

   Alternative form: kinnie

名詞

kin (複数形 kins)

1. Alternative form of k'in

動詞

kin

1. Pronunciation spelling of can.
   • 1959, Walt Kelly, Pogo, January 5 comic strip (→ISBN, p. 4):

     [Owl:] Oh I ain't stealin' this dime... I just took it for safe-keepin'.
     [Turtle:] Ain't much you kin do with it—'cept make a phone call.

アナグラム

• -nik, Nik, ink

接尾辞

-kin

1. (now chiefly dialectal) Used to form adjectives expressing resemblance or likeness to, similar to -like.

   alkin

   Dutchkin

   ilkin

   weirdkin

   whatkin

2. A suffix used to form nouns having qualities of or belonging to a particular kind, class, or sort.

   otakukin

   otherkin

語源 2

From Middle English -kin, -ken (also as -ke, -k), perhaps from 古期英語 -ca, -ce, but more likely from Middle Dutch -ken (compare cognate Middle English -chen, -chin, from 古期英語 -ċen, -ċen), apparently representing Proto-Germanic *-ikīną, *-ukīną, a double diminutive, from *-ikaz, *-ukaz (> 古期英語 -oc) + *-īną (compare 古期英語 -en). Cognate with Dutch -ken, Low German -ken, German -chen, 古期英語 -ċen. More at -ock, -en.

接尾辞

-kin

2. (now archaic) Forming diminutives of nouns.

派生語

• bodkin
• boykin
• catkin
• devilkin
• demonkin
• fiendkin
• ladykin
• lambkin
• manikin
• munchkin
• napkin
• pannikin
• pumpkin

同意語

• -ie, -let, -ling, -ock

関連する語

• Jack (from Middle English Jankin)
• mannikin/mannequin
• ramekin/ramequin
• -kins

参考

• -chan

アナグラム

• -nik, Nik, ink

名詞

k'in (複数形 k'ins)

1. A day, in the Mesoamerican Long Count calendar.