dance.とは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA^(key): /dæns/
  • (æ-tensing) IPA^(key): [dɛəns], [deəns]
    • (Northern England, Ireland) IPA^(key): [dæns], [dans], [däns]
    • (General Australian) IPA^(key): [dæːns]
  • IPA^(key): /dɑːns/
    • (Received 発音, Cockney, Estuary, Jamaica) IPA^(key): [dɑːns]
    • (Cultivated 豪州用法, New Zealand) IPA^(key): [däːns], [dɐːns]
    • (Indian English) IPA^(key): [ɖɑːns]
  • 韻: -ɑːns, -æns

語源 1

From Middle English dauncen, daunsen, a borrowing from Anglo-Norman dauncer, dancer (“to dance”) (compare Old French dancier), from Frankish *þansōn (“to draw, pull, stretch out, gesture”) (compare Old High German dansōn (“to draw, pull”)), from Proto-West Germanic *þansōn, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *tens- (“to stretch, pull”). Replaced 古期英語 sealtian (“to dance”) borrowed from Latin saltāre (“to leap, dance”). More at thin.

別の表記

• daunce (廃れた用法)

名詞

dance (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 dances)

1. A sequence of rhythmic steps or movements usually performed to music, for pleasure or as a form of social interaction.
   • 1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter II, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:

     "I ought to arise and go forth with timbrels and with dances; but, do you know, I am not inclined to revels? There has been a little—just a very little bit too much festivity so far …. Not that I don't adore dinners and gossip and dances; not that I do not love to pervade bright and glittering places. […]"

2. A social gathering where dancing is the main activity.
   • 1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter II, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:

     "I ought to arise and go forth with timbrels and with dances; but, do you know, I am not inclined to revels? There has been a little—just a very little bit too much festivity so far …. Not that I don't adore dinners and gossip and dances; not that I do not love to pervade bright and glittering places. […]"

   • 1985 April 29, Daniel Southerl, quoting Deng Liqun, “Saturday Night Fever in Peking”, in The Washington Post‎^[1], →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 27 August 2023‎^[2]:

     But, he continued, "the experience of the Peking Municipal Communist Youth League shows that, as long as dance parties are organized and supervised well by the work units concerned and these units organize their own sentries, as long as the people attending these dances are given a little coaching in advance on what is meant by normal socializing and recreation, and as long as these dances are organized, led and guided properly, there will be no incidents."

3. (uncountable) The art, profession, and study of dancing.
4. (uncountable) A genre of modern music characterised by sampled beats, repetitive rhythms and few lyrics.
5. A piece of music with a particular dance rhythm.^[1]
   • 1909, Archibald Marshall [pseudonym; Arthur Hammond Marshall], “A Court Ball”, in The Squire’s Daughter, New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead and Company, published 1919, →OCLC, page 9:

     They stayed together during three dances, went out on to the terrace, explored wherever they were permitted to explore, paid two visits to the buffet, and enjoyed themselves much in the same way as if they had been school-children surreptitiously breaking loose from an assembly of grown-ups.

6. (figurative) A battle of wits, especially one commonly fought between two rivals.

   So how much longer are we gonna do this dance?

7. (figurative, dated) Any strenuous or difficult movement, action, or task.
   • 1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 170:

     He that would watch the king's hares must not drag himself along as if he was a lazybones with soles of lead to his boots, or like a fly on a tar-brush, for when the hares began to scamper about on the hill-sides it was quite another dance than lying at home and catching fleas with mittens on.

8. (apiology) A repetitive movement used in communication between worker honey bees.
   • 1961 November, W. Wittekindt, “An Understanding of Dancing Behaviour”, in G. H. Cale, editor, The American Bee Journal‎^[3], volume 101, number 11, Hamilton, page 434:

     It was seen that the readiness to dance and intensity of the dance are clearly increased when the temperature in the hive remained between 28-36° C.

9. The death throes of a hanged person.
   • 1926, Walter Noble Burns, The Saga of Billy the Kid‎^[4], page 250:

     Beneath the shoulder blades of the limp form lying there lay the heart that had hated him, that had beat high at the thought of seeing him kick at the end of a hangman's rope, that had exulted in the prospect of him dancing a death dance on air.

   • 2010 January 12, Sara Starbuck, Dread Pirate Fleur and the Hangman's Noose‎^[5], page 342:

     'Hats off!' the shout went up, not out of respect for those about to die, but for a better view of their death dance. The hangman, who was as drunk as anyone else, uncoiled the rope's free end from each prisoner in turn and threw it up to an assistant balanced precariously on the beam above. Each was tightly fastened, leaving very little slack. When the moment came, the carts would be driven out from under the prisoners, leaving them dancing the Tyburn jig, their legs paddling helplessly in the air.

   • 2022 November 30, John Gardiner, A Hitchhiker's Triptych‎^[6]:

     Initially, all hanging deaths were by the short rope. The victims strangled as they performed a twitching death dance. Over time there was a move to a longer rope. The extra drop meant the victim's neck snapped, causing a more humane death. For a long time adter the long rope was introduced, stories circulated around Aberdeen of executioners slipping in the short rope for criminals convicted of particularly heinous crimes, especially for crimes against children. No quick end for these devils. A slow dancing death, courtesy of the short rope, brouht in by canny executioners.

下位語

• See also Thesaurus:dance

派生語

動詞

dance (三人称単数 現在形 dances, 現在分詞 dancing, 過去形および過去分詞形 danced)

1. (intransitive) To move with rhythmic steps or movements, especially in time to music.

   I danced with her all night long.

   These drum beats are making me dance!

   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

     “Well,” I answered, at first with uncertainty, then with inspiration, “he would do splendidly to lead your cotillon, if you think of having one.” ¶ “So you do not dance, Mr. Crocker?” ¶ I was somewhat set back by her perspicuity.

2. (intransitive) To leap or move lightly and rapidly.

   His eyes danced with pleasure as he spoke.   She accused her political opponent of dancing around the issue instead of confronting it.

   • 1812–1818, George Gordon [Lord] Byron, Childe Harold's Pilgrimage, canto 2, verse 54:

     And woods along the banks are waving high, / Whose shadows in the glassy waters dance,

3. (transitive) To perform the steps to.

   Have you ever danced the tango?

4. (transitive) To cause to dance, or move nimbly or merrily about.
   • c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “A Midsommer Nights Dreame”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:

     Met we on hill, in dale, forest, or mead,
     By pavèd fountain, or by rushy brook,
     or in the beachèd margent of the sea,
     To dance our ringlets to the whistling wind,
     But with thy brawls thou hast disturbed our sport.

   • c. 1588–1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Lamentable Tragedy of Titus Andronicus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene iii]:

     Thy grandsire loved thee well; / Many a time he danced thee on his knee.

5. (figurative, euphemistic) To make love or have sex.

   You make me feel like dancing.

6. (apiology, of a worker honey bee) To make a repetitive movement in order to communicate to other worker honey bees.
   • 1961 November, W. Wittekindt, “An Understanding of Dancing Behaviour”, in G. H. Cale, editor, The American Bee Journal‎^[7], volume 101, number 11, Hamilton, page 434:

     It was seen that the readiness to dance and intensity of the dance are clearly increased when the temperature in the hive remained between 28-36° C.

7. (figurative, euphemistic) To kick and convulse from the effects of being hanged.
   • 1907, Literary Digest‎^[8], volume 34, page 364:

     If that veil can be maintained, if the workers can be kept from knowing the perfidy of officials, the criminality of capitalism, the murderous vengeance that is planned by the plutocratic powers of America, then Charles Moyer, William D. Haywood, and George Pettibone will dance on empty air, while the ghouls of capitalism rejoice because they have landed another blow upon the body of resisting labor.

   • 1926, Walter Noble Burns, The Saga of Billy the Kid‎^[9], page 250:

     Beneath the shoulder blades of the limp form lying there lay the heart that had hated him, that had beat high at the thought of seeing him kick at the end of a hangman's rope, that had exulted in the prospect of him dancing a death dance on air.

   • 2001, Paul Doherty, The Hangman's Hymn (Canterbury Tales Mysteries, Book 5)‎^[10]:

     Simon had seen other men executed at Berkeley, both in the castle and outside in the village. They were usually strung up like rats, left to dance, their death throes sometimes seeming to last forever.

   • 2010 January 12, Sara Starbuck, Dread Pirate Fleur and the Hangman's Noose‎^[11], page 342:

     'Hats off!' the shout went up, not out of respect for those about to die, but for a better view of their death dance. The hangman, who was as drunk as anyone else, uncoiled the rope's free end from each prisoner in turn and threw it up to an assistant balanced precariously on the beam above. Each was tightly fastened, leaving very little slack. When the moment came, the carts would be driven out from under the prisoners, leaving them dancing the Tyburn jig, their legs paddling helplessly in the air.

   • 2019 November 7, Carter J. Gregory, The Hangman's Psalm: The Girl at the Gallows‎^[12]:

     Not only will you be whipped, but Jack Ketch will be displeased. He knows how to attach the rope just so...a man's neck can be snaped in an instant and he feels pain for a moment only. Or, at Ketch's pleasure, the man swings in the air, his legs dance in an ungainly manner, his face turns red, his tongue turns purple and protrudes - a poor devil once bit off the tip and spit it out, and he chocked(sic) to death.

   • 2022 November 30, John Gardiner, A Hitchhiker's Triptych‎^[13]:

     Initially, all hanging deaths were by the short rope. The victims strangled as they performed a twitching death dance. Over time there was a move to a longer rope. The extra drop meant the victim's neck snapped, causing a more humane death. For a long time adter the long rope was introduced, stories circulated around Aberdeen of executioners slipping in the short rope for criminals convicted of particularly heinous crimes, especially for crimes against children. No quick end for these devils. A slow dancing death, courtesy of the short rope, brouht in by canny executioners.

同意語

• (move with rhythmic steps または movements): throw shapes
• (to engage in sexual intercourse): do the deed, get some, have sex; see also Thesaurus:copulate

派生語

派生した語

• → Scottish Gaelic: danns
• → Zulu: dansa

参考

• Appendix:Dances

語源 2

Related to dancy, dancetté, French danché.

名詞

dance (複数形 dances)

1. (heraldry) A normally horizontal stripe called a fess that has been modified to zig-zag across the center of a coat of arms from dexter to sinister.
   • 1828, Sir Nicholas Harris Nicolas, Walter (of Exeter), The Siege of Carlaverock in the XXVIII Edward I. A. D. MCCC, page 243:

     The fact appears to have been that Simon de Montacute bore two coats; the one, Argent, three fusils, which it is most probable was a corruption of a fess dancette, or a dance, Gules; and the other, Azure, a griffin segreant […]

   • 1902, The Ancestor: A Quarterly Review of County and Family History, Heraldry and Antiquities ..., page 85:

     It is as follows - being headed by a shield of arms in colours - gold with a dance gules between three croslets fitchy gules.

   • 1922, Miscellanea Genealogica Et Heraldica, page 189:

     Or, a dance gules, in chief 3 lions' faces sable.

参照

Further reading

• Dance on Wikipedia.
• dance on Wikibooks.

アナグラム

• Caden, Decan, acned, caned, decan