forbearとは

語源 1

From Middle English forberen, from 古期英語 forberan (“to forbear, abstain from, refrain; suffer, endure, tolerate, humor; restrain; do without”), from Proto-Germanic *fraberaną (“to hold back, endure”), equivalent to for- +‎ bear. Cognate with Old Frisian forbera (“to forfeit”), Middle High German verbërn (“to have not; abstain; refrain from; avoid”), Gothic ������������������ (frabairan, “to endure”).

発音

• (英国用法) IPA^(key): /fɔːˈbɛə/
• (米国用法) IPA^(key): /fɔɹˈbɛɚ/
• Rhymes: -ɛə(r)

動詞

forbear (三人称単数 現在形 forbears, 現在分詞 forbearing, 過去形 forbore, 過去分詞 forborne)

1. (transitive) To keep away from; to avoid; to abstain from
   • 2017 September 7, Ferdinand Mount, “Umbrageousness”, in London Review of Books‎^[1]:

     Lalvani does not undervalue the achievements of the Mughal Empire, but its canals and irrigation tanks and roads had fallen into decay after the terrible Persian and Afghan invasions of the mid-18th century. For his part, Tharoor cannot forbear to praise the achievements of men like Arthur Cotton, whose Godavari Delta irrigation scheme remains much as he left it in 1852.

2. (intransitive) To refrain from proceeding; to pause; to delay.
   • Bible, 1 Kings xxii. 6

     Shall I go […] to battle, or shall I forbear?

   • c. 1596-97, William Shakespeare, The Merchant of Venice, Act III scene ii^[2]:

     I pray you, tarry; pause a day or two

     Before you hazard; for, in choosing wrong,

     I lose your company: therefore, forbear awhile.

3. (intransitive) To refuse; to decline; to withsay; to unheed.
   • Bible, Ezekiel ii. 7

     Thou shalt speak my words unto them, whether they will hear, or whether they will forbear.

4. (intransitive) To control oneself when provoked.
   • Cowper

     The kindest and the happiest pair / Will find occasion to forbear.

   • Old proverb

     Both bear and forbear.

関連する語

• forbearance
• forbearant

発音

• (英国用法) IPA^(key): /ˈfɔː.bɛə/
• (米国用法) IPA^(key): /ˈfɔɹ.bɛɚ/

名詞

forbear (複数形 forbears)

1. Alternative spelling of forebear
   • [1906] 2004, Memoirs of the Lord of Joinville, Ethel Wedgwood tr.

     Sirs, I am quite sure that the King of England's forbears rightly and justly lost the conquered lands that I hold [...]

   • [1936] 2004, Raymond William Firth, We the Tikopia [3]

     One does not take one’s family name therefrom, and again the position of the mother in that group is determined through her father and his male forbears in turn; this too is a patrilineal group.

   • 1997, H. L. Hix, Understanding W. S. Merwin‎^[4]:

     Beginning with the bald declaration “I think I was cold in the womb,” the speaker in “The Forbears” then decides that his brother (who died soon after birth) must also have been cold in the womb, like his grandfather John and the forbears who antedated John:

アナグラム

• forbare