Bearとは意味・読み方・使い方

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2025/10/13 04:23 UTC 版)

語源 1

From 中期英語 bere, from 古期英語 bera, from Proto-West Germanic *berō, from Proto-Germanic *berô, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰ erH- (“brown”).

Cognate with Saterland Frisian Boar, Boare (“bear”), West Frisian bear (“bear”), Cimbrian, Mòcheno per (“bear”), Dutch beer (“bear”), German Bär (“bear”), German Low German Boor (“bear”), Limburgish baer, Béër (“bear”), Luxembourgish Bier (“bear”), Vilamovian baor, bar (“bear”), West Flemish beir (“bear”), Yiddish בער (ber, “bear”), Danish, Faroese and Norwegian Bokmål bjørn (“bear”), Icelandic, Swedish björn (“bear”), Norwegian Nynorsk bjøinn, bjønn, bjørn (“bear”), Gothic *𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰 (*baira, “bear”).

派生した語

Belizean Creole: byaa
→ Hawaiian: pea
→ Irish: béar
→ Maori: pea
→ Niuean: pea
→ Tahitian: pea
→ Tokelauan: pea
→ Tyap: a̱bya
→ Wallisian: pea
→ Xhosa: ibhere

動詞

bear (third-person singular simple present bears, present participle bearing, simple past and past participle beared)

(finance, transitive) To endeavour to depress the price of, or prices in.

to bear a railroad stock

to bear the market

形容詞

bear (not comparable)

(finance, investments) Characterized by declining prices in securities markets or by belief that the prices will fall.

The great bear market starting in 1929 scared a whole generation of investors.

参考

参照

^ Ringe, Donald (2006), From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 106
^ Matthew D. Johnson (2004), “Bear Movement”, in Archives of the glbtq Encyclopedia Project‎ (PDF), archived from the original on 10 January 2017: “Bear culture has its origins in informal "chubby and chubby-chaser" networks among gay men in the late 1960s and early 1970s.”

語源 2

From 中期英語 beren (“carry, bring forth”), from 古期英語 beran (“to carry, bear, bring”), from Proto-West Germanic *beran, from Proto-Germanic *beraną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti, from *bʰ er- (“to bear, carry”).

Akin to Old High German beran (“carry”), Dutch baren, Norwegian Bokmål bære, Norwegian Nynorsk bera, German gebären, Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽 (bairan), Sanskrit भरति (bharati), Latin ferō, and Ancient Greek φέρω (phérō), Albanian bie (“to bring, to bear”), Russian брать (bratʹ, “to take”), Persian (bordan, “to take, to carry”).

発音

like bear (“large ursine mammal”) (/bɛə(ɹ)/)

動詞

bear (third-person singular simple present bears, present participle bearing, simple past bore or (archaic) bare, past participle borne or (colloquial) bore or (see usage notes) born)

(chiefly transitive) To carry or convey, literally or figuratively.

They came bearing gifts.

Judging from the look on his face, he wasn't bearing good news.

The little boat bore us to our destination.

This plant 's light and fluffy seeds may be borne by the wind to remote islands.

what the market will bear
- 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:
  
  I'll bear your logs the while.
- 1852, Mrs M.A. Thompson, “The Tutor 's Daughter”, in Graham 's American Monthly Magazine of Literature, Art, and Fashion‎, page 266:
  
  In the lightness of my heart I sang catches of songs as my horse gayly bore me along the well-remembered road.
- 1954 March, Ray Bradbury, “All Summer in a Day”, in The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction‎, volume 6, number 3, page 122:
  
  They surged about her, caught her up and bore her.
1. (transitive) To carry (weapons, flags or symbols of rank, office, etc.) upon one's person, especially visibly; to be equipped with (weapons, etc.).
  
  the right to bear arms
2. (transitive) To wear (garments, pieces of jewellery, etc.).
  
  The queen bore the royal scepter and crown as she processed into the hall.
3. (transitive, rarely intransitive, of a woman or female animal) To carry (offspring in the womb), to be pregnant (with).
  
  The scan showed that the ewe was bearing twins.
4. (transitive) To have or display (a mark or other feature).
  
  She still bears the scars from a cycling accident.
  
  The stone bears a short inscription.
  
  This bears all the hallmarks of a terrorist attack.
  - 1859 November 24, Charles Darwin, “Natural Selection”, in On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, […], London: John Murray, […], →OCLC, page 88:
    
    […] male stag-beetles often bear wounds from the huge mandibles of other males.
5. (transitive) To display (a particular heraldic device) on a shield or coat of arms; to be entitled to wear or use (a heraldic device) as a coat of arms. [1400]
  
  The shield bore a red cross.
6. (transitive) To present or exhibit (a particular outward appearance); to have (a certain look). [1200]
  
  He bore the look of a defeated man.
  - 1930, Essex Chronicle, 18 April 9/5:
    
    The body was unclothed, and bore the appearance of being washed up by the sea.
7. (transitive) To have (a name, title, or designation). [1225]
  
  The school still bears the name of its founder.
  - 2005, Plato, translated by Lesley Brown, Sophist, page 234b:
    
    […] imitations that bear the same name as the things […]
  - 2013, D. Goldberg, Universe in Rearview Mirror, iii. 99:
    
    Heinrich Olbers described the paradox that bears his name in 1823.
8. (transitive) To possess or enjoy (recognition, renown, a reputation, etc.); to have (a particular price, value, or worth). [1393]
  
  The dictator bears a terrible reputation for cruelty.
9. (transitive, of an investment, loan, etc.) To have (interest or a specified rate of interest) stipulated in its terms. [1686]
  
  The bond bears a fixed interest rate of 3.5%.
10. (transitive, of a person or animal) To have (an appendage, organ, etc.) as part of the body; (of a part of the body) to have (an appendage).
  
  Only the male Indian elephant bears tusks.
11. (transitive) To carry or hold in the mind; to experience, entertain, harbour (an idea, feeling, or emotion).
  
  to bear a grudge, to bear ill will
  - c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:
    
    the ancient grudge I bear him
12. (transitive, rare) To feel and show (respect, reverence, loyalty, etc.) to, towards, or unto a person or thing.
  
  The brothers had always borne one another respect.
13. (transitive) To possess inherently (a quality, attribute, power, or capacity); to have and display as an essential characteristic.
  
  to bear life
14. (transitive, of a thing) To have (a relation, correspondence, etc.) to something else. [1556]
  
  The punishment bears no relation to the crime.
15. (transitive) To give (written or oral testimony or evidence); (figurative) to provide or constitute (evidence or proof), give witness.
  
  His achievements bear testimony to his ability.
  
  The jury could see he was bearing false witness.
16. (transitive) To have (a certain meaning, intent, or effect).
  
  This word no longer bears its original meaning.
  - 1850, Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Scarlet Letter, a Romance, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor, Reed, and Fields, →OCLC:
    
    Her sentence bore that she should stand a certain time upon the platform.
17. (reflexive, transitive) To behave or conduct (oneself).
  
  She bore herself well throughout the ordeal.
  - c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Loues Labour’s Lost”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii]:
    
    Thus must thou thy body bear.
  - c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Measure for Measure”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene ii]:
    
    Hath he borne himself penitently in prison?
18. (transitive, rare) To possess and use, to exercise (power or influence); to hold (an office, rank, or position).
  - 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Esther 1:22:
    
    Every man should bear rule in his own house.
19. (intransitive, obsolete) To carry a burden or burdens. [1450]
20. (transitive, obsolete, rare) To take or bring (a person) with oneself; to conduct. [1590]
  - c. 1594 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Comedie of Errors”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:
    
    Bear them to my house.
To support, sustain, or endure.
1. (transitive) To support or sustain; to hold up.
  
  This stone bears most of the weight.
2. (now transitive outside certain set patterns such as 'bear with'; formerly also intransitive) To endure or withstand (hardship, scrutiny, etc.); to tolerate; to be patient (with).
  
  Synonyms: brook, endure; see also Thesaurus:tolerate
  
  The pain is too much for me to bear.
  
  It doesn’t bear thinking about.
  
  I would never move to Texas — I can't bear heat.
  
  This reasoning will not bear much analysis.
  
  Please bear with me as I try to find the book you need.
  - 1700, John Dryden, “Meleager and Atalanta”, in The poetical works, volume 4, William Pickering, published 1852, page 169:
    
    I cannot, cannot bear; ’tis past , ’tis done; / Perish this impious , this detested son; […]
  - 1715–1720, Homer, translated by Alexander Pope, “Book XXIV”, in The Iliad of Homer, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: […] W[illiam] Bowyer, for Bernard Lintott […], →OCLC:
    
    Man is born to bear.
  - 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], “Prologue”, in In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC:
    
    […] We are fools and slight;
    ⁠We mock thee when we do not fear:
    ⁠But help thy foolish ones to bear;
    Help thy vain worlds to bear thy light.
  - 1982 March 18, Eric J. Cassel[l], “The Nature of Suffering and the Goals of Medicine”, in The New England Journal of Medicine, volume 306, number 11, →DOI, page 642:
    
    Events that might cause suffering in others may be borne without complaint by someone who believes that the disease is part of his or her family identity and hence inevitable. Even diseases for which no heritable basis is known may be borne easily by a person because others in the family have been similarly afflicted.
  - 2024, Jackie Evancho, “Behind My Eyes”, in Solla‎:
    
    There's this fear deep inside of me / Like there's something I cannot see / And it's coming after me / It's hard to bear
3. (transitive) To sustain, or be answerable for (blame, expense, responsibility, etc.).
  
  Synonym: meet
  
  The hirer must bear the cost of any repairs.
  - 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Isaiah 53:11:
    
    He shall bear their iniquities.
  - 1753, John Dryden, The Spanish Friar: or, the Double Discovery, Tonson and Draper, p. 64‎:
    
    What have you gotten there under your arm, Daughter? somewhat, I hope, that will bear your Charges in your Pilgrimage.
4. (transitive) To admit or be capable of (a meaning); to suffer or sustain without violence, injury, or change.
  - 1724, Drapier's Letters, Jonathan Swift:
    
    In all criminal cases the most favourable interpretation should be put on words that they can possibly bear.
5. (transitive) To warrant, justify the need for.
  
  This storm definitely bears monitoring.
  - 1989 August 19, Bob Lederer, “Hiding Behind HIV”, in Gay Community News, volume 17, number 6, page 10:
    
    An unusually high percentage of the hundreds of gay men who participated in the experimental trials for this vaccine (1978-1980) developed AIDS. Since these trials occurred at about the same time as the first AIDS cases in the same cities […] a possible connection at least bears careful study.
To support, keep up, or maintain.
1. (transitive) To afford, to be something to someone, to supply with something. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
  - 1732–4, Alexander Pope, An Essay on Man, Longmans, Green & Co, 1879, bear%20him%20company%20pope&hl=de&pg=PA10#v=onepage&q&f=false p. 10:
    
    […] admitted to that equal sky, / His faithful dog shall bear him company.
2. (transitive) To carry on, or maintain; to have. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
  - 1693, John Locke, Some Thoughts Concerning Education, § 98:
    
    […] and he finds the Pleasure, and Credit of bearing a Part in the Conversation, and of having his Reasons sometimes approved and hearken 'd to.
To press or impinge upon.
1. (intransitive, usually with on, upon, or against) To push, thrust, press.
  
  The rope has frayed where it bears on the rim of the wheel.
  - 1711 September 25 (Gregorian calendar), [Joseph Addison; Richard Steele et al.], “FRIDAY, September 14, 1711”, in The Spectator, number 170; republished in Alexander Chalmers, editor, The Spectator; a New Edition, […], volume II, New York, N.Y.: D[aniel] Appleton & Company, 1853, →OCLC:
    
    These men therefore bear hard upon the suspected party.
    
    The spelling has been modernized.
2. (intransitive, figuratively) To take effect; to have influence or force; to be relevant.
  
  to bring arguments to bear
  
  How does this bear on the question?
3. (intransitive, military, usually with on or upon) Of a weapon, to be aimed at an enemy or other target.
  
  The cannons were wheeled around to bear upon the advancing troops.
  - 2012, Ronald D. Utt, Ships of Oak, Guns of Iron
    
    Constitution 's gun crews crossed the deck to the already loaded larboard guns as Bainbridge wore the ship around on a larboard tack and recrossed his path in a rare double raking action to bring her guns to bear again on Java 's damaged stern.
To produce, yield, give birth to.
1. (transitive, ditransitive) To give birth to (someone or something) (may take the father of the direct object as an indirect object).
  
  In Troy she becomes Paris’ wife, bearing him several children, all of whom die in infancy.
  
  The twins were borne by an Italian mother.
  - 1984, 10:44 from the start, in Dune‎ (Science Fiction), spoken by Princess Irulan, →OCLC:
    
    The powerful Bene Gesserit sisterhood for ninety generations has been manipulating bloodlines to produce the Kwisatz Haderach, a superbeing. On Caladan, Jessica, a member of the sisterhood and the bound concubine of Duke Leto Atreides, had been ordered to bear only daughters. Because of her love for the duke, she disobeyed and gave birth to a son: Paul, Paul Atreides.
2. (transitive, less commonly intransitive) To produce or yield something, such as fruit or crops.
  
  This year our apple trees bore a good crop of fruit.
  - 1688, John Dryden, Britannia Rediviva:
    
    Betwixt two seasons comes th' auspicious air, / This age to blossom, and the next to bear.
(intransitive, originally nautical) To be, or head, in a specific direction or azimuth (from somewhere).

Carry on past the church and then bear left at the junction.

By my readings, we're bearing due south, so we should turn about ten degrees east.

Great Falls bears north of Bozeman.
(transitive, obsolete) To gain or win.
- 1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Seeming Wise”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC:
  
  Some think to bear it by speaking a great word.
- April 5, 1549, Hugh Latimer, The Fifth Sermon Preached Before King Edward (probably not in original spelling)
  
  She was […] found not guilty, through bearing of friends and bribing of the judge.

使用する際の注意点

The past participle of bear is usually borne:
- He could not have borne that load.
- She had borne five children.
- This is not to be borne!
However, when bear is used in the passive voice to mean "to be given birth to" literally or figuratively (e.g. be created, be the result of), the form used is born:
- She was born on May 3.
- Racism is usually born out of a real or feared loss of power to a minority or a real or feared decrease in relative prosperity compared to that of the minority.
- Born three years earlier, he was the eldest of his siblings.
- "The idea to create [the Blue Ridge Parkway] was born in the travail of the Great Depression […] ." (Tim Pegram, The Blue Ridge Parkway by Foot: A Park Ranger 's Memoir, →ISBN, 2007, page 1)
Both spellings have been used in the construction born(e) into the world/family and born(e) of or to someone (as a child). The borne spellings are more frequent in older and religious writings.
- He was born(e) to Mr. Smith.
- She was born(e) into the most powerful family in the city.
- "[M]y father was borne to a Swedish mother and a Norwegian father, both devout Lutherans." (David Ross, Good Morning Corfu: Living Abroad Against All Odds, →ISBN, 2009)
In some colloquial speech, beared can be found for both the simple past and the past participle, although it is usually considered nonstandard and avoided in writing. Similarly, bore may be extended to the past participle; the same provisos apply for this form.

Conjugation

Conjugation of *bear*
	present tense	past tense
infinitive	(to) bear

1st-person singular	bear	bore, bare
2nd-person singular	bear, bearest	bore, bare, borest, barest
3rd-person singular	bears, beareth	bore, bare
plural	bear	bore, bare

subjunctive	bear	bore, bare

imperative	bear	—

participles	bearing	borne, bore, born

Archaic or obsolete. See usage notes.

派生語

参照

“bear”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “bear”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

語源 3

発音

(Received Pronunciation) IPA: /bɪə/
(General American) IPA: /bɪɚ/

名詞

bear (uncountable)

Alternative spelling of bere (“barley”).
- 1800, Tuke, Agric., 119:
  
  There are several plots of those species of barley called big, which is six-rowed barley; or bear, which is four-rowed, cultivated.
- 1818, Reports Agric., Marshall, I. 191:
  
  Bigg or bear, with four grains on the ear, was the kind of barley.
- 1895, Whittingham Vale, Dixon, section 130:
  
  Two stacks of beare, of xx boules,
- 1908, Burns Chronicle and Club Directory, page 151:
  
  […] one wheat stack, one half-stack of corn, and a little hay, all standing in the barnyard; four stacks of bear in the barn, about three bolls of bear lying on the barn floor, two stacks of corn in the barn, […]
- 1802-1816, Papers on Sutherland Estate Management, published in 1972, Scottish History Society, Publications:
  
  Your Horses are Getting Pease Straw, and looking very well. The 2 Stacks of Bear formerly mentioned as Put in by Mr Bookless is not fully dressed as yet so that I cannot say at present what Quantity they may Produce .

派生語

bearmeal

語源 4

From 中期英語 bere (“pillowcase”), of obscure origin, but compare 古期英語 hlēor-bera (“cheek-cover”). Possibly cognate to Low German büre, whence German Bühre, which in turn has been compared to French bure.

発音

(originally) like bear (“large ursine mammal”) (/bɛə(ɹ)/)
(later sometimes) like bear (“barley”) (/bɪə(ɹ)/) (compare pillowbeer)

名詞

bear (uncountable)

Alternative spelling of bere (“pillowcase”).
- 1742, William Ellis, The London and Country Brewer [...] Fourth Edition, page 36:
  
  And, according to this, one of my Neighbours made a Bag, like a Pillow-bear, of the ordinary six-penny yard Cloth, and boiled his Hops in it half an Hour; then he took them out, and put in another Bag of the like Quantity of fresh Hops, […]
- 1850, Samuel Tymms, Wills and Inventories from the Registers of the Commissary of Bury St. Edmunds and the Archdeacon of Sudbury, page 116:
  
  ij payer of schete, ij pelows wt the berys,
- 1858, Journal of the Statistical Society of London, page 409:
  
  1641.—14 yards of femble cloth, 12s. ; 8 yards of linen, 6s. 8d. ; 20 yards of harden, 10s. ; 5 linen sheets, 1l. ; 7 linen pillow bears, 8s. ; 2 femble sheets and a line hard sheet, 10s. ; 3 linen towels, 4s. ; 6 lin curtains and a vallance, 12s. ; […]
- 1905, Emily Wilder Leavitt, Palmer Groups: John Melvin of Charlestown and Concord, Mass. and His Descendants ; Gathered and Arranged for Mr. Lowell Mason Palmer of New York, page 24:
  
  I give to my Grand Child Lidea Carpenter the Coverlid that her mother spun and my pillow bear and a pint Cup & my great Pott that belongs to the Pott and Trammels.
- 1941, Minnie Hite Moody, Long Meadows, page 71:
  
  […] a man 's eyes played him false, sitting him before tables proper with damask and pewter, leading him to fall into beds gracious with small and large feather beds for softness and pillowed luxuriously under pretty checked linen pillow bears.

別の表記

bere

参考

アナグラム

Aber, Bare, Baré, Brea, Reba, bare, brae, rabe

[1] Ringe, Donald (2006), From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 106

[2] Matthew D. Johnson (2004), “Bear Movement”, in Archives of the glbtq Encyclopedia Project‎ (PDF), archived from the original on 10 January 2017: “Bear culture has its origins in informal "chubby and chubby-chaser" networks among gay men in the late 1960s and early 1970s.”

béar awáy	béar compárison with…
béar dówn	béar dówn on [upòn]…
béar in mínd	béar óff
béar óut	béar the brúnt of …
béar úp	béar wítness to [of]…
be bórne ín upòn [on]…	brìng to béar
grín and béar it	nót béar repéating


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Bearとは 意味・読み方・使い方

Bearの品詞ごとの意味や使い方

Bearの変形一覧

Bearのイディオムやフレーズ

Bearの学習レベル

「Bear」を含む例文一覧

bear１

bear２

bear

bear

bear

bear

bear

bear

bear

bear

bear

bear

Bear

bear

bear

bear

bear

Bear

(regular) bear

bear

bear

bear

bear

bear

語源 1

発音

名詞

同意語

等位語

派生語

派生した語

動詞

形容詞

参考

参照

Further reading

語源 2

発音

動詞

使用する際の注意点

Conjugation

派生語

関連する語

参照

語源 3

発音

名詞

派生語

語源 4

発音

名詞

別の表記

参考

アナグラム

Bear

bear

「Bear」を含む例文一覧

Bearとは意味・読み方・使い方

Bearの
品詞ごとの意味や使い方

Bearの
変形一覧

Bearの
イディオムやフレーズ

bear^１

bear^２