英和和英

語源

From 中期英語 fynger, finger, from 古期英語 finger (“finger”), from Proto-West Germanic *fingr, from Proto-Germanic *fingraz (“finger”), from Proto-Indo-European *penkʷrós, from *pénkʷe (“five”).

Cognate with West Frisian finger, German and Low German Finger, Dutch vinger, Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish finger, Faroese and Icelandic fingur; see also Old Armenian հինգեր-որդ (hinger-ord, “fifth”). More at five.

発音

• (non-rhotic)
  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈfɪŋɡəː/, [ˈfɪŋɡəː]
• (non-rhotic)
  • (General American) IPA: /ˈfɪŋɡɚ/, [ˈfɪŋɡɚ] ~ [ˈfɪŋɡɹ̩]
  • (pre-/ŋ/-tensing)
    • (Upper Midwestern 米国発音, Western 米国発音, Canada) IPA: /ˈfiŋɡɚ/, [ˈfiŋɡɚ] ~ [ˈfiŋɡɹ̩]
  • (Appalachia, African-American Vernacular, thank-think merger)
    • (without æ-raising) IPA: /ˈfæŋɡɚ/, [ˈfæŋɡɚ] ~ [ˈfæŋɡɹ̩]
    • (æ-raising) IPA: /ˈfeɪ̯ŋɡɚ/, [ˈfeɪ̯ŋɡɚ] ~ [ˈfeɪ̯ŋɡɹ̩]; /ˈfɛ̃ŋɡɚ/, [ˈfɛ̃ŋɡɚ] ~ [ˈfɛ̃ŋɡɹ̩]
  • (Scotland) IPA: /ˈfɪŋɡəɹ/, [ˈfɪŋɡəɹ]
• 韻: -ɪŋɡə(ɹ)
• ハイフネーション: fin‧ger

名詞

finger (plural fingers)

1. (anatomy) A slender jointed extremity of the human hand, (often) exclusive of the thumb.

   Humans have two hands and ten fingers. Each hand has one thumb and four fingers.

   • 1750, W[illiam] Ellis, The Country Housewife's Family Companion […] , London: James Hodges; B. Collins, →OCLC, page 157:

     [M]aking a Cut here big enough to put her Finger in, which ſhe thruſts under the Guts, and with it rakes or tears out the Stone that lies neareſt to it.

   • 1916, “The Finger Talk of Chicago's Wheat-Pit”, in Popular Science Monthly, Vol. 89, p. 81:

     Each finger extended represents one-eighth of a cent. Thus when all four fingers and the thumb are extended, all being spread out from one another, it means five-eighths.

   • 2014 March 29, “Don’t cramp my style”, in The Economist, volume 410, number 8880:

     In 1993 [Victor Candia] noticed that the fingers of his left hand were starting to curl up as he played [on his guitar]. It felt to him as if a magnet in his palm were preventing him from opening them. A week later, he could not play at all.

2. (zoology) Similar or similar-looking extremities in other animals, particularly:
   • 1915, Eleanor Stackhouse Atkinson, “The How and Why Library”, in Life, Section VIII:

     The starfish eats with five fingers.

   1. The lower, smaller segment of an arthropod claw.
   2. One of the supporting structures of wings in birds, bats, etc. evolved from earlier toes or fingers.
   3. One of the slender bony structures before the pectoral fins of gurnards and sea robins (Triglidae).
3. Something similar in shape to the human finger, particularly:
   • 1814, William Wordsworth, The Excursion, page 250:

     ...spires whose ‘silent finger points to Heaven’...

   1. (cooking) Finger-shaped pieces of food.

      chocolate fingers; fish fingers; cheese fingers

      • 2014, Laurie David, The Family Cooks:

        By now, we hope you have said “no” to processed nuggets and fingers. Instead, how about taking some real chicken, tossing it with real eggs, a little tangy mustard, and a crunchy quinoa coating?

   2. (chemistry) A tube extending from a sealed system, or sometimes into one in the case of a cold finger.
      • 1996, Susan Trumbore, Mass Spectrometry of Soils, page 318:

        An oven is placed over the finger with Co catalyst (oven temperature will depend on whether a quartz or Pyrex finger is used, see Ref. 24), and a cold finger (usually a copper rod immersed in dry ice–isopropanol slurry) is placed on the other tube.

   3. (UK regional, botany, usually in the plural, obsolete) Synonym of foxglove (D. purpurea).
4. Something similarly extending, (especially) from a larger body, particularly:

   a finger of land; a finger of smoke

   1. (botany) Various protruding plant structures, as a banana from its hand.
   2. (anatomy, obsolete) A lobe of the liver.
   3. (historical) The teeth parallel to the blade of a scythe, fitted to a wooden frame called a crade.
   4. The projections of a reaper or mower which similarly separate the stalks for cutting.
   5. (nautical) Clipping of finger pier (“a shorter, narrower pier projecting from a larger dock”).
   6. (aviation) Synonym of jet bridge: the narrow elevated walkway connecting a plane to an airport.
   7. (computing theory) A leaf in a finger tree data structure.
5. Something similar in function or agency to the human finger, (usually) with regard to touching, grasping, or pointing.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Exodus 8:19:

     The Magicians said vnto Pharaoh; This is the finger of God.

   1. (obsolete) Synonym of hand, the part of a clock pointing to the hour, minute, or second.
   2. (US, obsolete slang) A policeman or prison guard.
   3. (US, rare slang) An informer to the police, (especially) one who identifies a criminal during a lineup.
   4. (US, rare slang) A criminal who scouts for prospective victims and targets or who performs reconnaissance before a crime.
   5. (figurative) That which points; an indicator, as of guilt, blame, or suspicion.

      The finger of suspicion pointed clearly at the hotel manager.

6. (units of measure) Various units of measure based or notionally based on the adult human finger, particularly
   1. (historical) Synonym of digit: former units of measure notionally based on its width but variously standardized, (especially) the English digit of ⁄₁₆ foot (about 1.9 cm).
      • 1648, John Wilkins, Mathematical Magick:

        a piece of steel three fingers thick

   2. (historical) A unit of length notionally based on the length of an adult human's middle finger, standardized as 4½ inches (11.43 cm).
   3. (historical) Synonym of digit: ⁄₁₂ the observed diameter of the sun or moon, (especially) with regard to eclipses.
   4. (originally US) An informal measure of alcohol based on its height in a given glass compared to the width of the pourer's fingers while holding it.

      Gimme three fingers of bourbon.

7. (fashion) A part of a glove intended to cover a finger.
8. (informal, obsolete) Skill in the use of the fingers, as in playing upon a musical instrument.
   • 1786, Thomas Busby, Musical Dictionary:

     A performer capable of doing justice to rapid or expressive passages, is said to have a good finger

9. (informal, rare) Someone skilled in the use of their fingers, (especially) a pickpocket.
10. (UK slang) A person.
11. (especially in the phrase 'give someone the finger') An obscene or insulting gesture made by raising one's middle finger towards someone with the palm of one's hand facing inwards.
12. (radio) Any of the individual receivers used in a rake receiver to decode signal components.
13. (vulgar) An act of fingering (inserting a finger into someone's vagina or rectum for sexual pleasure).

同意語

• (anatomy): See Thesaurus:finger
• (zoology): toe (when on four legs); claw, talon (usually sharp)
• (finger-shaped objects): tendril (in plants)
• (airport walkway): See jet bridge
• (finger width): See digit
• (slang for police informer): See Thesaurus:informant
• (skill with the fingers): fingering technique; touch
• (British slang for person): bloke, lad, boy, guv

下位語

• (anatomy): index finger, forefinger; middle finger; ring finger; little finger, pinkie; thumb, hallux

派生語

派生した語

• Krio: fínga
• Sranan Tongo: finga
  • Aukan: fínga
  • Saramaccan: fínga

動詞

finger (third-person singular simple present fingers, present participle fingering, simple past and past participle fingered)

1. (transitive) To identify or point out; to blame for something.
   • 2016, Joseph Henrich, chapter 6, in The Secret of Our Success […] , Princeton: Princeton University Press, →ISBN:

     This makes it quite difficult to finger specific gene variants, since any one variant contributes only tiny effects.

   • 2018 January, “Wild Things”, in North and South:

     I'm rose-tinting my teenage years, for sure, but Twenge isn't the only generational-change researcher to finger the ubiquitous smartphone for contributing to higher rates of teen depression and anxiety.

2. (transitive) To report to or identify for the authorities; to inform on.

   Synonyms: put the finger on, rat on, rat out, squeal on, tattle on, turn in; see also Thesaurus:rat out

3. (transitive) To poke, probe, feel, or fondle with a finger or fingers.

   Hypernym: handle

   Hyponym: lay a finger on (hyponymous in its literal sense)

   • c. 1590–1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Two Gentlemen of Verona”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:

     Goe, get you gone: and let the papers lye: / You would be fingring them, to anger me.

   • 1895–1897, H[erbert] G[eorge] Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, published 1898, →OCLC, (please specify the page number(s)):

     "They have done a foolish thing," said I, fingering my wineglass.

   • 1956, Anthony Burgess, Time for a Tiger (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972, page 121:

     Alladad Khan, left alone, dandled unhandily his child in unfatherly arms. He wanted to finger his moustache, but could not.

   • 2009, Win Blevins, Dreams Beneath Your Feet, page 135:

     Feeling tender around the face, she fingered herself gingerly. Yes, it was swollen, very sore around the cheekbones, with dried blood on the outsides of her eye sockets, below her nostrils, and below one ear.

4. (transitive, sex) To use the fingers to penetrate or sexually stimulate one's own or another person's vulva, vagina, or anus.

   Synonyms: fingerbang, fingerfuck

   • 2007, Madeline Bastinado, A Talent for Surrender, page 201:

     She fingered him, spreading the gel and sliding the tip of her finger inside him.

   • 2008, Thomas Wainwright, editor, Erotic Tales, page 56:

     She smiled, a look of amazement on her face, as if thinking that maybe this was the cock that she had been fantasizing about just now, as she fingered herself to a massive, body-engulfing orgasm.

5. (transitive, music) To use specified finger positions in producing notes on a musical instrument.
6. (transitive, music) To provide instructions in written music as to which fingers are to be used to produce particular notes or passages.
7. (transitive, Internet) To query (a user's status) using the Finger protocol.
   • 1996, Marc Saltzman, Sean McFadden, Internet Games Directory, Lycos Press, →ISBN, page 29:

     There is also a hot-link to "finger" the guys at id to see what they're working on next (John Carmack, John Cash […]

   • 1996, Yves Bellefeuille, “List of useful freeware”, in comp.archives.msdos.d (Usenet):

     PGP mail welcome (finger me for my key).

8. (obsolete) To steal; to purloin.
   • c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii]:

     in the dark / Grop'd I to finde out them; had my desire, / Finger'd their Packet, and in fine, withdrew / To mine owne roome againe,

9. (transitive, obsolete) To execute, as any delicate work.

参考

• artiodactyl
• dactyl
• dactylography
• dactylology
• fist
• macrodactyly
• perissodactyl
• prestidigitation
• pterodactyl

参照

• "finger, n., in the Oxford English Dictionary, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

アナグラム

• fringe

発音

• IPA: /ˈfin.ɡer/, [ˈfiŋ.ɡer]

名詞

finger m

1. finger

   Sēo hand hæfþ fīf fingras: þone þūman, þone sċytefinger, þone middelfinger, þone hringfinger, and þone lȳtlan finger.

   The hand has five fingers: the thumb, the index finger, the middle finger, the ring finger, and the little finger.

語形変化

Strong a-stem:

派生語

派生した語

• Middle English: fynger, ffynger, finger, fiyngir, fyngir, fyngre, fyngur, fyngyr, vinger
  • English: finger
    • Krio: fínga
    • Sranan Tongo: finga
      • Aukan: fínga
      • Saramaccan: fínga
  • Scots: finger
  • Yola: vinger