throttleとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English *throtel, diminutive of throte (“throat”), equivalent to throat +‎ -le. Compare German Drossel (“throttle”). More at throat.

名詞

throttle (複数形 throttles)

1. A valve that regulates the supply of fuel-air mixture to an internal combustion engine and thus controls its speed; a similar valve that controls the air supply to an engine.
2. The lever or pedal that controls this valve.

   Synonyms: accelerator, gas pedal, gas

   • 1961 July, J. Geoffrey Todd, “Impressions of railroading in the United States: Part Two”, in Trains Illustrated, page 425:

     To my unpractised eye, the undulations in the track were quite imperceptible, but the engineer's hand on the throttle was never still.

3. (anatomy, archaic) The windpipe or trachea.
   • 1817 (date written), Walter Scott, “[Songs and Miscellanies.] Search after Happiness; or, The Quest of Sultaun Solimaun”, in The Poetical Works of Walter Scott, Esq. […], volume X, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Company] for Arch[ibald] Constable and Co.; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown; and John Murray, →OCLC, stanza XIX, pages 235–236:

     Then up got Peg, and round the house gan scuttle, / In search of goods her customer to nail, / Until the Sultaun strain'd his princely throttle, / And hollow'd,—"Ma'am, that is not what I ail.["]

   • 1915, Russell Thorndike, chapter XXXVII, in Doctor Syn:

     From the cabin came that horrible song: "Here's to the feet wot have walked the plank. ⁠Yo ho! for the dead man's throttle."

派生語

語源 2

From Middle English throtlen (“to choke, strangle, suffocate”), from the noun (see above). Compare German erdrosseln (“to strangle, choke, throttle”).

動詞

throttle (三人称単数 現在形 throttles, 現在分詞 throttling, 過去形および過去分詞形 throttled)

1. (transitive) To control or adjust the speed of (an engine).
2. (transitive) To cut back on the speed of (an engine, person, organization, network connection, etc.).
3. (transitive) To strangle or choke someone.
   • 1649, J[ohn] Milton, ΕΙΚΟΝΟΚΛΆΣΤΗΣ [Eikonoklástēs] […], London: […] Matthew Simmons, […], →OCLC:

     Grant him this, and the Parliament hath no more freedom than if it sat in his noose, which, when he pleases to draw together with one twitch of his negative, shall throttle a whole nation, to the wish of Caligula, in one neck.

4. (intransitive) To have the throat obstructed so as to be in danger of suffocation; to choke; to suffocate.
5. (intransitive) To breathe hard, as when nearly suffocated.
6. (transitive) To utter with breaks and interruption, in the manner of a person half suffocated.
   • c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “A Midsommer Nights Dreame”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:

     I have seen them shiver and look pale,
     Make periods in the midst of sentences,
     Throttle their practised accent in their fears.

派生語

• throttle down
• throttle up