disabilityとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Circa 1570 disable +‎ -ity.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA^(key): /dɪsəˈbɪlɪti/

名詞

disability (usually uncountable, 複数形 disabilities)

1. State of being disabled; deprivation or want of ability; absence of competent physical, intellectual, or moral power, means, fitness, and the like.
   • 1644, J[ohn] M[ilton], The Doctrine or Discipline of Divorce: […], 2nd edition, London: [s.n.], OCLC 868004604, book:

     Grossest faults, or disabilities to perform what was covenanted.

   • 1834-1874, George Bancroft, History of the United States, from the Discovery of the American Continent.

     Chatham refused to see him, pleading his disability.

2. A mental condition causing a difficulty with an intellectual task.

   Dyscalculia is math disability.

3. (disability theory) An inability imposed on a person by society's failure to accommodate their physical or mental differences from others, as opposed to impairment.

   Synonym: handicap

4. Want of legal qualification to do a thing; legal incapacity or incompetency.
5. (uncountable, informal) Regular payments received by a disabled person, usually from the state

   I had to go on disability after the accident.

   Did you get your disability this month?

使用する際の注意点

• Disability and inability: Inability is an inherent want of power to perform the thing in question; disability arises from some deprivation or loss of the needed competency. One who becomes deranged is under a disability of holding his estate; and one who is made a judge, of deciding in his own case. A man may decline an office on account of his inability to discharge its duties; he may refuse to accept a trust or employment on account of some disability prevents him from entering into such engagements.

同意語

• disqualification
• impotence
• inability
• incapacity
• incompetency
• incompetence
• weakness

反意語

• ability
• capacity
• competence
• competency
• potence
• potential
• qualification
• strength

関連する語

• disable
• disabled
• disablism