英和和英

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/03/19 16:08 UTC 版)

WOTD – 15 June 2022

名詞

defile (plural defiles)

A narrow passage or way (originally (military), one which soldiers could only march through in a single file or line), especially a narrow gorge or pass between mountains.
- 1719 May 6 (Gregorian calendar), [Daniel Defoe], The Life and Strange Surprizing Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, […], London: […] W[illiam] Taylor […], →OCLC, page 353:
  
  VVe had one dangerous Place to paſs, vvhich our Guide told us, if there vvere any more VVolves in the Country, vve ſhould find them there; and this vvas in a ſ mall Plain, ſurrounded vvith VVoods on every Side, and a long narrovv Defile or Lane, vvhich vve vvere to paſs to get through the VVood, and then vve ſhould come to the Village vvhere vve vvere to lodge.
- 1776, Edward Gibbon, chapter XIV, in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, volume I, London: […] W[illiam] Strahan; and T[homas] Cadell, […], →OCLC, page 437:
  
  Conſtantine had taken poſt in a defile about half a mile in breadth, between a ſ teep hill and a deep moraſs, and in that ſituation he ſteadily expected and repulſed the firſt attack of the enemy.
- 1818, Lord Byron, “Canto IV”, in Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage. Canto the Fourth, London: John Murray, […], →OCLC, stanza LXII, page 34:
  
  […] I roam / By Thrasimene's lake, in the defiles / Fatal to Roman rashness, more at home; […]
- 1922 (date written; published 1926), T[homas] E[dward] Lawrence, “Book III: A Railway Diversion. Chapter XXVIII.”, in Seven Pillars of Wisdom: A Triumph, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Doran & Company, published 1937, →OCLC, page 168:
  
  [T]hese granite hills, thousands of feet high, were impracticable for heavy troops: the passes through them being formidable defiles, very costly to assault or cover.
- 1955 July, D. S. Barrie, “Railways of the Bridgend District”, in Railway Magazine, page 449:
  
  All three parallel valleys of the Llynvi, Garw and Ogmore are much the same in physical character: the lower reaches are wooded and not unattractive, but as the railway climbs on ever-steepening grades, the hills on either hand grow barer and closer together, while in all respects the scene becomes more sombre, with the terraced, slate-roofed colliery towns and the road, railway and river all struggling for space in the narrowing defiles.
- 1960, Plutarch, “Nicias [c. 470–413 b.c.]”, in Ian Scott-Kilvert, transl., The Rise and Fall of Athens: Nine Greek Lives […] (Penguin Classics; L102), London: Penguin Books, published 1967, →OCLC, page 239:
  
  The next morning the enemy were on the march before him, seized the defiles, blocked the fords of the rivers, destroyed the bridges, and sent out cavalry to patrol the open ground, so as to oppose the Athenians at every step as they retreated.
- 1962 January, “Motive Power Transition on the Kyle Line”, in Modern Railways, Shepperton, Surrey: Ian Allen Publishing, →ISSN, →OCLC, photograph caption, page 17:
  
  On the final stages of the run from Inverness Class 5 4-6-0 No. 45066 winds its train through narrow rock defiles alongside Loch Carron at the approach to Kyle of Lochalsh.
- 2023 November 15, Dr Joseph Brennan, “A crucial part of our nation's defences”, in RAIL, number 996, page 60:
  
  "For the first time in 125 years a powerful enemy was now established across the narrow waters of the English Channel. ... Many people must have been bewildered by the innumerable activities all around them. They could understand the necessity for wiring and mining the beaches, the anti-tank obstacles at the defiles, the concrete pillboxes at the cross-roads, the intrusions into their houses to fill an attic with sandbags, on to their golf-courses or most fertile fields and gardens to burrow out some wide anti-tank ditch." So wrote Winston Churchill in Their Finest Hour, published in 1949.
(military)
1. An act of marching in files or lines.
2. A single file of soldiers; (by extension) any single file.

別の表記

(sense 1): defilé, defilee
(sense 2.1): défilé

参考

glen

語源 3

The verb is borrowed from French défiler (“to arrange soldiers or fortify (something) as a protection from enfilading fire; to unthread”) (compare Middle French desfilher (“to unthread”)), from dé- (prefix meaning ‘not’) + enfiler (“to rake with gunfire, enfilade; to string on to a thread; to thread (a needle)”) (from en- (prefix meaning ‘in, into; on, on to’) + filer (verb) or file (noun); see etymology 2).

The noun is derived from the verb.

動詞

defile (third-person singular simple present defiles, present participle defiling, simple past and past participle defiled)

(transitive, military, rare) Synonym of defilade (“to fortify (something) as a protection from enfilading fire”).

名詞

defile (plural defiles)

(military, rare) An act of defilading a fortress or other place, or of raising the exterior works in order to protect the interior.

参照

^ “dēfīlen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
^ “dēfǒulen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
^ “dēfoilen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
↑ “defile, v.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, March 2022; “defile, v.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
^ “befīlen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
^ “befǒulen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
^ “fīlen, v.(2)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
^ “fǒulen, v.(1)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
^ “defile, v.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, March 2022; “defile, v.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
^ “defile, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, March 2022; “defile, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
^ “defile, v.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, March 2022.
^ “defile, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, June 2019.

アナグラム

delfie, e-filed

[1] “dēfīlen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

[2] “dēfǒulen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

[3] “dēfoilen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

[OED-4] “defile, v.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, March 2022; “defile, v.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.

[5] “befīlen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

[6] “befǒulen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

[7] “fīlen, v.(2)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

[8] “fǒulen, v.(1)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

[9] “defile, v.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, March 2022; “defile, v.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.

[10] “defile, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, March 2022; “defile, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.

[11] “defile, v.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, March 2022.

[12] “defile, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, June 2019.

・Defile
・MPLA
・Reproducibility
・hookworm
・Meteor
・Bottomless
・Bitters
・sub-component
・anch
・Pollution Control

研究社 新英和中辞典

defile１

動詞 他動詞

defile２

名詞可算名詞

動詞 自動詞

Eゲイト英和辞典

defile

ハイパー英語辞書

defile

動詞

defile

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日本語WordNet(英和)

defile

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EDR日英対訳辞書

defile

斎藤和英大辞典

defile

Weblio英和対訳辞書

defile

defile

Wiktionary英語版

defile

発音

語源 1

動詞

派生語

関連する語

語源 2

動詞

名詞

別の表記

関連する語

参考

語源 3

動詞

関連する語

名詞

参照

Further reading

アナグラム

Weblio例文辞書

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Defileの変化形一覧

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音声を聞く

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研究社新英和中辞典

defile^１

動詞他動詞

defile^２

動詞自動詞