英和和英

語源 1

From French parade (“an ostentatious display, a military display”), from parer (“to beautify, prepare, take pride in”) + -ade probably under influence from earlier Italian parata (“preparation, a military parade, an ostentatious display”) and Latin magnō parātū (“with great preparation”). Various senses similarly influenced by earlier French and Italian uses. Doublet of pare.

発音

• enPR: pə-rād', IPA: /pəˈɹeɪd/
• 韻: -eɪd

名詞

parade (countable and uncountable, plural parades)

1. An organized display of a group of people, particularly
   1. (military) Synonym of military parade: A show of troops, an assembly of troops as a show of force, to receive orders, or especially for inspection at set times.
      • 1642, Henry Hexham, The Principles of Art Military‎, volume II, page 31:

        There is left round about the circuit of the whole quarter, a parallell on all sides some 200, or 250 foote betweene the front of the quarter and the trench, called an Alarme Place, for the souldiers to draw out into Armes, into Parade, or when any Alarme or commotion happens...

      • 1667, John Milton, “Book IV”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC, lines 779-782:

        And from thir Ivorie Port the Cherubim
        Forth issuing at th’accustomd hour stood armd
        To thir night watches in warlike Parade,
        When Gabriel to his next in power thus spake...

      • 1681, Andrew Marvell, “Upon Appleton House...”, Miscellaneous Poems, p. 87, St. 39:

        See how the Flow’rs, as at Parade,
        Under their Colours stand displaid:
        Each Regiment in order grows,
        That of the Tulip Pinke and Rose.

      • 1922, Willa Cather, chapter 17, in One of Ours:

        The next night the soldiers began teaching the girls to dance... Claude saw that a good deal was going on, and he lectured his men at parade. But he realized that he might as well scold at the sparrows.

      • 1934 October, George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], “Ch. 18”, in Burmese Days, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, Publishers, →OCLC:

        Verrall... seldom put on his uniform for morning parade, not thinking it necessary with mere Military Policemen.

      • 1941, George Orwell, The Lion and the Unicorn, Pt. I:

        A military parade is really a kind of ritual dance, something like a ballet, expressing a certain philosophy of life. The goose-step, for instance, is one of the most horrible sights in the world, far more terrifying than a dive-bomber. It is simply an affirmation of naked power; contained in it, quite consciously and intentionally, is the vision of a boot crashing down on a face. Its ugliness is part of its essence...

   2. A public procession, especially one commemorating a holiday or special event or (dated) in protest.
      • 1673–4, Duke of Lauderdale, Lauderdale Papers, Vol. III, p. 36:

        They went up with a Parade of 9 or 10 Coaches.

      • 1888, James Bryce, The American Commonwealth, volume II, page 580:

        When a procession is exceptionally large it is called a Parade.

      • 1922, Sinclair Lewis, “[HTTP://WWW.GUTENBERG.ORG/FILES/1156/1156-H/1156-H.HTM CHAPTER 27]”, in Babbitt, New York, N.Y.: Harcourt, Brace and Company, →OCLC:

        The strikers had announced a parade for Tuesday morning, but Colonel Nixon had forbidden it, the newspapers said.

      • 1995, Nancy J. Herman, Deviance‎, page 388:

        The author became aware of the term "beadwhore" while viewing a Mardi Gras parade […] You can't catch anything with those beadwhores around. Even cute kids on the shoulders of their fathers can't compete with boobs.

      Thanksgiving Day parade

      Mummers Parade

      ticker-tape parade

      The Parade of the Marksmen at the Hanover Schützenfest each July is one of the longest regular parades in the world.

   3. (venery, uncommon) Synonym of gaggle: A group of geese when on the move, particularly a line of goslings shepherded by one or more adults.
   4. (venery, uncommon) Synonym of herd: A group of elephants when on the move.
2. A place reserved for such displays, particularly
   1. (military, now uncommon) Synonym of parade ground: A place specially designated for such displays or for practicing close-order drills.
      • 1704, John Harris, Lexicon Technicum, Vol. I, s.v:

        Parade, is a Military word, signifying the Place where Troops usually draw together, in order to mount the Guards, or for any other Service.

      • 1844, The Queen's Regulations & Orders for the Army, page 240:

        When Barracks are occupied by Troops, the Yards and Parades are to be swept, rolled, and kept clean by them.

   2. (dated) Synonym of promenade: A route, street, or square frequented by pedestrians or formerly used for military parades.
      • 1697, William Dampier, A New Voyage round the World, page 219:

        This Square is calcled the Parade.

      • 1874, Thomas Hardy, chapter 47, in Far from the Madding Crowd‎:

        ...at no great distance from them, where the shoreline curved round, and formed a long riband of shade upon the horizon, a series of points of yellow light began to start into existence, denoting the spot to be the site of Budmouth, where the lamps were being lighted along the parade.

      • 1905 March 28, Daily Chronicle, p. 4:

        Glasgow's most fashionable Sunday parade, the ‘crawl’ on Great Western-road.

      • 1914, G. K. Chesterton, “The God of the Gongs”, in The Wisdom of Father Brown, p. 216:

        After walking a mile or two farther, they found that the shore was beginning to be formally embanked, so as to form something like a parade; the ugly lamp-posts became less few and far between and more ornamental, though quite equally ugly.

   3. (uncommon) Synonym of road, used in place names.

      His shop is located in Chester Pde.

3. The people who make up such a display, particularly
   • 2019, Abby Chava Stein, Becoming Eve, Seal Press, page 16:

     While my mother and sisters decorated our sukkah and cooked meals for the parade of guests who would soon come to visit, my father would walk the streets of our neighborhood, shopping for the "Four Species"

   1. (military, now uncommon) The body of soldiers thus assembled.
      • 1844, The Queen's Regulations & Orders for the Army, page 260:

        The Commanding Officer is then to direct the Parade to Order Arms.

   2. The body of promenaders thus assembled.
      • 1722, Daniel Defoe, The History and Remarkable Life of the Truly Honourable Col. Jacque..., page 126:

        We saw a great Parade or kind of Meeting.

      • 1873, William Black, Princess of Thule, page 265:

        ‘Did she go into that parade of people?’ said Ingram.

4. (figurative) Synonym of show: any similarly orderly or ostentatious display, especially of a variety of people or a series of things paraded around.
   • 1652, Thomas Urquhart, Ecscybalauron (Εκσκυβαλαυρον), p. 282:

     ...the ravishing assault of a well-disciplined diction, in a parade of curiosly-mustered words in their several ranks and files...

   • 1656, Thomas Blount, Glossographia‎, s.v:

     Parade (Fr.), an appearance or shew, a bravado or vaunting offer.

   • 1659, Francis Osborne, “Conjectural Paradoxes”, in A Miscellany of Sundry Essayes..., page 92:

     Formes little Different from those of a Gally, to no more Thriving an Intention in reference to the Publick, Then Apothecaries paynt and adorn their Shops which is to delude the Ignorant, and hide from Inspection such Arts as lye more in Parade then Substance.

   • 1661, Abraham Cowley, A Vision Concerning His Late Pretended Highnesse Cromwell the Wicked, page 58:

     ...the most virtuous and laudable deed that his whole Life could make any parade of...

   • 1700, Mary Astell, Some Reflections upon Marriage‎, page 67:

     What good Conduct does he shew! what Patience exercise! what Subtilty leave untry’d! what Concealment of his Faults! what Parade of his Vertues! what Government of his Passions!

   • 1801, Jonathan Swift, untitled poem, The Works of the Rev. Jonathan Swift, volume II, page 420:

     Be rich, but of your Wealth make no Parade;
     At least, before your Master’s Debts are paid.

   • 1815, Jane Austen, chapter 9, in Emma, volume I:

     ... with all his good and agreeable qualities, there was a sort of parade in his speeches which was very apt to incline her to laugh.

   • 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], “Canto XXI”, in In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, page 35:

     Another answers, ‘Let him be,
     ⁠He loves to make parade of pain,
     ⁠That with his piping he may gain
     The praise that comes to constancy.’

   • 1928, Radclyffe Hall, chapter 55, in The Well of Loneliness, →OCLC, →OCLC, book 5, section 2, page 497:

     Under all her parade of gallantry he divined a great weariness of spirit, a great longing to be at peace with the world...

   • 1993, Carol Shields, chapter 3, in The Stone Diaries, page 85:

     ... he applied himself to his Bible morning and night. Its narratives frankly puzzled him—the parade of bearded kings and prophets, their curious ravings.

   • 2008 November 21, Graham Linehan, The IT Crowd, Season 3, Episode 1:

     Roy: The work was fiiine. There was nothing wrong with the work. But they caught him... He pissed in the sink.
     Jen: Oh. Oh!
     Roy: Yeah...
     Jen: Which sink?
     Roy: All the sinks. Yeah, he basically went on a pee parade around the house.
     Jen: Oh God, I have to fire him.

   • 2011, Alan Hollinghurst, The Stranger’s Child, page 325:

     ... there was a degree of order in the books, a parade of Loeb classics, archaeology, ancient history.

   The dinner was a parade of courses, each featuring foods more elaborate than the last.

5. (UK, figurative, uncommon) A row of shops beside a street.
   • 1968, Roger Kenneth Cox, Retail Site Assessment, page 15:

     Most new shopping centres... have broken away from the old strip parades which usually face each other across heavy inter-town traffic.

6. (UK, figurative, now uncommon) Ellipsis of programme parade: a description of the programming schedule formerly announced on the radio and various television channels.
   • 1947 May 2, Radio Times, p. 8:

     Scottish Programme Parade

   • 1948, BBC West, Broadcasting in West::

     Listen to your regional Programme Parade at 8.10 a.m. daily.

別の表記

• Pde, parad

下位語

• (military assembly): muster
• (public procession): See demonstration
• (row of shops): strip mall

派生語

派生した語

• → Hindi: परैड (paraiḍ)
• → Urdu: پریڈ (paraiḍ)

動詞

parade (third-person singular simple present parades, present participle parading, simple past and past participle paraded)

1. (intransitive) To take part in a parade, particularly:
   1. To assemble for inspection, to receive orders, etc.
      • 1637, Robert Monro, Monro His Expedition with the Worthy Scots Regiment‎, page 64:

        ... the other three Companies were ordained by foure a clocke afternoone, to parade in the Market place, and afterwards to march to their Post...

      • 1945, Evelyn Waugh, “Prologue”, in Brideshead Revisited […], London: Chapman & Hall, published 1952, →OCLC, page 10:

        Hooper had been detailed to inspect the lines. The company was parading at 0730 hours with their kit-bags piled before the huts.

   2. To march impressively or ostentatiously.
      • 1886 May 1 – July 31, Robert Louis Stevenson, chapter 26, in Kidnapped, being Memoirs of the Adventures of David Balfour in the Year 1751: […], London; Paris: Cassell & Company, published 1886, →OCLC:

        Here it was we made our camp, within plain view of Stirling Castle, whence we could hear the drums beat as some part of the garrison paraded.

      No one fights a war in close-order formations any more but officers still love to force their men to parade, coming up with various plausible excuses for their enjoyment of command.

   3. (transitive) To march past.

      After the field show, it is customary to parade the stands before exiting the field.

   4. (transitive) To march through or along.
      • 1803 (date written), [Jane Austen], chapter IV, in Northanger Abbey; published in Northanger Abbey: And Persuasion. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: John Murray, […], 20 December 1817 (indicated as 1818), →OCLC:

        “What a delightful place Bath is,” said Mrs. Allen as they sat down near the great clock, after parading the room till they were tired;

      • 1849, Currer Bell [pseudonym; Charlotte Brontë], “Whitsuntide”, in Shirley. A Tale. […], volume II, London: Smith, Elder and Co., […], →OCLC, page 123:

        At one o’clock the troops were to come in; at two they were to be marshalled; till four they were to parade the parish; […]

      • 1904 January 29 – October 7, Joseph Conrad, Nostromo: A Tale of the Seaboard, London; New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers […], published 1904, →OCLC:

        ... since it was no longer possible for him to parade the streets of the town, and be hailed with respect in the usual haunts of his leisure, this sailor felt himself destitute indeed.

      • 1971, Bessie Head, Maru‎, page 92:

        They said nothing, but stared at each other with the horror of people exposed to all the torture of the demons who parade the African continent.

   5. (figurative) Synonym of promenade: to walk up and down, especially in public in order to show off and be seen by others.

      Synonym: flaunt

      • 1753, Samuel Richardson, History of Sir Charles Grandison, volume V, page 46:

        The whole family paraded it together.

      • 1868, Louisa May Alcott, chapter 19, in Little Women‎:

        ... it was her favorite amusement to array herself in the faded brocades, and parade up and down before the long mirror, making stately curtsies, and sweeping her train about with a rustle which delighted her ears.

      • 1929, Dashiell Hammett, chapter 22, in The Dain Curse:

        [...] if you’re going to parade around with that robe hanging open you’re going to get yourself some bronchitis.

      • 1969, Maya Angelou, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings‎, page 166:

        ... Mrs. Parsons, the principal’s wife, would play the graduation march while the lower-grade graduates paraded down the aisles and took their seats below the platform.

      • 2003, Lionel Shriver, We Need to Talk About Kevin‎, page 381:

        Stretcher after stretcher paraded into the lot—I was aghast; there seemed no end to them.

   6. (transitive, figurative, of vehicles) To move slowly through or among.
      • 1991, Ben Okri, The Famished Road, Section 2, Book 6, Chapter 10:

        That evening the van of the Party for the Poor also paraded our street. They too blared music and made identical claims.

   7. (figurative, of waterfowl) To walk in a row led by one parent, often trailed by the other.
      • 1971, Iris Murdoch, An Accidental Man, page 120:

        Nearer to the water pink-footed geese and white-faced coots paraded in the groves of rhus and bamboo.

2. (transitive) To cause to take part in a parade, particularly
   1. To assemble soldiers for inspection, to receive orders, etc.
      • 1847, Herman Melville, chapter 28, in Omoo:

        In a few moments, we were paraded in the frigate’s gangway; the first lieutenant—an elderly yellow-faced officer, in an ill-cut coat and tarnished gold lace—coming up, and frowning upon us.

      • 1965, John Fowles, The Magus‎, page 382:

        The men were paraded and briefly addressed by the colonel in my presence...

   2. (figurative) Synonym of show off: to display or reveal prominently or ostentatiously, especially in a kind of procession.
      • 1824, Lord Byron, Don Juan, Canto 16, St. 65, p. 96:

        ... For she was not a sentimental mourner,
        Parading all her sensibility...

      • 1942, Zora Neale Hurston, Dust Tracks on a Road‎, page 243:

        I doubt if any woman on earth has gotten better effects than she has with black, white and red. Not only that, she knows how to parade it when she gets it on.

      • 1956, Mary Renault, The Last of the Wine‎, page 150:

        [...] I am sure neither of us cares to parade family business in a lawsuit.

      • 1960 January, G. Freeman Allen, “"Condor"—British Railways' fastest freight train”, in Trains Illustrated, page 46:

        Like the railwayman, the industrialist who has set himself up with his own prestige fleet of shining lorries parading his name up and down the country, and has installed a transport manager to look after them, demands full utilisation of both...

      • 1988, Edmund White, The Beautiful Room Is Empty‎, pages 166–167:

        I felt a bit like a hunter who’s captured a unicorn and parades it through the town streets [...]

      • 2009, Barbara Kingsolver, The Lacuna‎, page 452:

        They’re parading ad men through Congress to convince the lawmakers that Free Market is the way to go, and that Harry Truman is in league with Karl Marx.

      • 2013, Nadeem Aslam, The Blind Man’s Garden, Part 2, Ch. 23:

        They kidnapped an Indian officer and beheaded him, bringing the head back to be paraded in the bazaars of Kotlin in Pakistani Kashmir.

      They paraded dozens of fashions past the crowd.

3. (transitive, obsolete) To furnish with a parade or parades.
   • 1889, James John Hissey, A Tour in a Phaeton through the Eastern Counties, page 191:

     The modern part that faces the sea is... paraded, well lighted, well drained.

使用する際の注意点

The intransitive senses of parade were sometimes previously used with a dummy it—The lovers paraded it together—although this use is now obsolete.

派生語

語源 2

From French parade (“a parry”), from parer (“to parry, to defend oneself”) + -ade, from Italian parata. Doublet of parry.

発音

• (General American) IPA: /pəˈrɑd/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /pəˈrɑːd/

名詞

parade (plural parades)

1. (uncommon) Synonym of parry in both its literal and figurative senses.
   • 1652, Thomas Urquhart, Ecscybalauron (Εκσκυβαλαυρον), p. 228:

     ...in case the adversary after a finda, going to the parade, discover his brest to caveat...

   • 1699, John Locke, Some Thoughts Concerning Education, §94, p. 152:

     [The Tutor] should accustom him to make as much as is possible a true Judgment of Men by those Marks which serve best to shew what they are, and give a Prospect into their Inside, which often shews it self in little Things, especially when they are not in Parade, and upon their Guard.

参照

• “parade, n¹.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2022.
• “parade, n².”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2022.
• “parade, v.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2022.
• Edward Phillips, compiler (1658), “Parade”, in The New World of English Words: Or, A General Dictionary: […], London: […] E. Tyler, for Nath[aniel] Brook […], →OCLC, column 1.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “parade”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
• “parade”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

アナグラム

• earpad