bleedとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English bleden, from 古期英語 blēdan (“to bleed”), from Proto-Germanic *blōþijaną (“to bleed”), from *blōþą (“blood”). Cognate with Scots blede, bleid (“to bleed”), West Frisian bliede (“to bleed”), Saterland Frisian bläide (“to bleed”), Dutch bloeden (“to bleed”), Low German blöden (“to bleed”), German bluten (“to bleed”), Danish bløde (“to bleed”), Swedish blöda (“to bleed”).

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈbliːd/
• 韻: -iːd

動詞

bleed (三人称単数 現在形 bleeds, 現在分詞 bleeding, 過去形および過去分詞形 bled)

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1. (intransitive, of a person または animal) To lose blood through an injured blood vessel.

   If her nose bleeds, try to use ice.

2. (transitive) To let or draw blood from.
   • 1979, Octavia Butler, Kindred:

     "What did they die of?" I asked.
     "Fevers. The doctor came and bled them and purged them, but they still died."
     "He bled and purged babies?"
     "They were two and three. He said it would break the fever. And it did. But they ... they died anyway."

3. (transitive) To take large amounts of money from.
4. (transitive) To steadily lose (something vital).

   The company was bleeding talent.

5. (intransitive, of an ink または dye) To spread from the intended location and stain the surrounding cloth or paper.

   Ink traps counteract bleeding.

6. (transitive) To remove air bubbles from a pipe containing other fluids.
7. (obsolete, transitive) To bleed on; to make bloody.
   • a. 1472, Thomas Malory, “(please specify the chapter)”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book VIII, [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, OCLC 71490786; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: Published by David Nutt, […], 1889, OCLC 890162034:

     And so Sir Trystrames bledde bothe the over-shete and the neyther-shete, and the pylowes and the hede-shete

8. (intransitive, copulative) To show one's group loyalty by showing (its associated color) in one's blood.

   He was a devoted Vikings fan: he bled purple.

9. To lose sap, gum, or juice.

   A tree or a vine bleeds when tapped or wounded.

10. To issue forth, or drop, like blood from an incision.
    • 1713, Alexander Pope, Windsor Forest:

      For me the balm shall bleed.

11. (phonology, transitive, of a phonological rule) To destroy the environment where another phonological rule would have applied.

    Labialization bleeds palatalization.

派生語

関連する語

名詞

bleed (複数形 bleeds)

1. An incident of bleeding, as in haemophilia.
2. (printing) A narrow edge around a page layout, to be printed but cut off afterwards (added to allow for slight misalignment, especially with pictures that should run to the edge of the finished sheet).
3. (sound recording) The situation where sound is picked up by a microphone from a source other than that which is intended.

参照

• bleed in The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1911
• bleed in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

アナグラム

• bedel, debel