geniusとは意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈdʒin.jəs/, /ˈdʒi.ni.əs/
• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ˈdʒiː.nɪəs/
• 韻: -iːniəs

名詞

genius (複数形 geniuses または genii)

2. Someone possessing extraordinary intelligence or skill; especially somebody who has demonstrated this by a creative or original work in science, music, art etc.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:genius

   Antonym: idiot

   Coordinate term: idiot savant

4. Extraordinary mental capacity.
   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter I, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., OCLC 222716698:

     In the old days, to my commonplace and unobserving mind, he gave no evidences of genius whatsoever. He never read me any of his manuscripts, […], and therefore my lack of detection of his promise may in some degree be pardoned.

6. Inspiration, a mental leap, an extraordinary creative process.

   a work of genius

   to add a dash of cinnamon amid such umami was pure genius

8. (Roman mythology, also figuratively) The tutelary deity or spirit of a place or person.

   and the genius of the place: the growing enthusiasm for codified standards in the Army and Navy

   • 1646 (indicated as 1645)​, John Milton, “the unseen genius of the wood”, in Poems of Mr. John Milton, […], London: […] Ruth Raworth for Humphrey Mosely, […], OCLC 606951673:

   • 1715, Edward Burnett Tylor, Primitive Culture

     We talk of genius still, but with thought how changed! The genius of Augustus was a tutelary demon, to be sworn by and to receive offerings on an altar as a deity.

   • 1866, Frederick F. Wyman, From Calcutta to the Snowy Range (page 330)

     An old sinner, in shape of a khansamah, is the genius of the place, and has rarely aught else to tempt the tired traveller with than a “sudden death”—a fowl caught running in the yard, and dished up forthwith; […]

   Synonyms: tutelary deity; see also Thesaurus:spirit

関連する語

形容詞

genius (not comparable)

1. (informal) Ingenious, brilliant, very clever, or original.

   What a genius idea!

   • 2012 May 20, Nathan Rabin, “TV: Review: THE SIMPSONS (CLASSIC): “Marge Gets A Job” (season 4, episode 7; originally aired 11/05/1992)”, in The Onion AV Club‎^[1]:

     We all know how genius “Kamp Krusty,” “A Streetcar Named Marge,” “Homer The Heretic,” “Itchy & Scratchy: The Movie” and “Mr. Plow” are, but even the relatively unheralded episodes offer wall-to-wall laughs and some of the smartest, darkest, and weirdest gags ever Trojan-horsed into a network cartoon with a massive family audience.

Further reading

• “genius” in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• genius in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• "genius" in Raymond Williams, Keywords (revised), 1983, Fontana Press, page 143.

アナグラム

• Seguin

Latin

語源

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget”), perhaps through Old Latin genō (“to beget, give birth; to produce, cause”). Comparisons with Aramaic ܓܢܝܐ‎ (ginnaya, “tutelary deity”), and with Arabic جِنّ‎ (jinn, “jinn, spirit, demon”) and جَنِين‎ (janīn, “embryo, germ”), suggest the effects of an older substrate word.

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡe.ni.us/, [ˈɡɛniʊs̠]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈd͡ʒe.ni.us/, [ˈd͡ʒɛːnius]

名詞

genius m (genitive geniī または genī); second declension

1. the deity or guardian spirit of a person, place, etc.; a daemon, a daimon (cf. Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn))
2. an inborn nature or innate character, especially (though not exclusively) as endowed by a personal (especially tutelar) spirit or deity.
3. (with respect to the enjoyment of life) the spirit of social enjoyment, fondness for good living, taste, appetite, inclinations
4. (of the intellect) wit, talents, genius (まれに)

語形変化

Second-declension noun.

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

引用

• Catullus[,] Tibullus and Pervigilium Veneris, 1921, page 328f. containing Albius Tibullus III, XI, 9f. = IV, V, 9f. with a translation into English by J. P. Postgate:

  magne Geni, cape tura libens votisque faveto,
  si modo, cum de me cogitat, ille calet.

  Great Genius, take this incense with a will, and smile upon my prayer, if only when he thinks on me his pulse beats high.

派生した語