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意味・対訳 暴君、圧制者、専制君主、暴君のような人、(古代ギリシャの)僭主(せんしゆ)
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Wiktionary英語版での「tyrant」の意味 |
tyrant
語源
From Middle English tyraunt, tiraunt, tyrant, tyrante, from Old French tyrant, from the addition of a terminal -t to tiran (cp. French tyran) via a back-formation related to the development of French present participles out of the Latin -ans form, from Latin tyrannus (“despot”), from Ancient Greek τύραννος (túrannos, “usurper, monarch, despot”),[1] of uncertain origin.
名詞
tyrant (複数形 tyrants)
- (historical, Ancient Greece) A usurper; one who gains power and rules extralegally, distinguished from kings elevated by election or succession.
- 1980, Michel Austin; et al, Economic and Social History of Ancient Greece, section 142:
- The reappearance of tyranny [in the 4th century BC] had many reasons... one of the main causes was the development of antagonism between rich and poor; tyrants came to power exploiting a social and political imbalance within the state.
- 1996, Roger Boesche, Theories of Tyranny, from Plato to Arendt, section 4:
- Ancient Greek tyrannies appeared once more in great numbers with the breakdown of the polis in the period from the fourth to the second centuries [BC]. These later tyrannies tended to rely on a more narrow class base and to use a brutal military rule, and thus writers could use the words tyrant and tyranny, with their modern connotations of evil and cruelty, to describe them accurately.
- (obsolete) Any monarch or governor.
- 1737, William Whiston translating Josephus, History of the Jewish Wars, I xii §2:
- A despot; a ruler who governs unjustly, cruelly, or harshly.
- 1587, Philip Sidney and Arthur Golding, A woorke concerning the trewnesse of the christian religion, translating Philippe De Mornay, XII 196:
- 1744, Alexander Shiels [i.e., Alexander Shields], “Period VI. Containing the Testimony through the Continued Tract of the Present Deformation, from the Year 1660 to this Day.”, in A Hind Let Loose: Or, An Historical Representation of the Testimonies of the Church of Scotland, for the Interest of Christ; with the True State thereof in All Its Periods: [...], Edinburgh: Reprinted by R. Drummond and Company, and sold by William Gray bookbinder in the Grassmarket, and several others, &c., →OCLC, pages 167–168:
- 1888, James Bryce, The American Commonweath, I iv 42:
- They [viz., the Framers of the American Constitution] held England to be the freest and best-governed country in the world, but were resolved to avoid the weak points which had enabled King George III. to play the tyrant, and which rendered English liberty, as they thought, far inferior to that which the constitutions of their own States secured.
- (by extension) Any person who abuses the power of position or office to treat others unjustly, cruelly, or harshly.
- (by extension) A villain; a person or thing who uses strength or violence to treat others unjustly, cruelly, or harshly.
- 1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, :[13]]:
- I was a blasphemar, and a persecuter, and a tyraunt.
- 1528, Thomas Paynell translating Arnaldus de Villa Nova in Joannes de Mediolano, Regimen Sanitatis Salerni:
- 1611 April (first recorded performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Cymbeline”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i], line 85:
- O dissembling Curtesie! How fine this Tyrant Can tickle where she wounds?
- 1847, A. Helps, Friends in Council, I viii 132:
- Public opinion, the greatest tyrant of these times.
- The tyrant birds, members of the family Tyrannidae, which often fight or drive off other birds which approach their nests.
- 1731, Mark Catesby, The natural history of Carolina, Florida, and the Bahama Islands, I 55:
- The Tyrant... The courage of this little Bird is singular.
- c. 1841, Swainson, Penny Cyclopaedia, XXI 415 2:
- The lesser tyrants (Tyrannulae) are spread over the whole of America, where they represent the true flycatcher... The tyrants are bold and quarrelsome birds, particularly during the season of incubation.
- 1895, Alfred Newton, A Dictionary of Birds:
- Tyrant or Tyrant-bird, Catesby applied it solely to...the King-bird..., but apparently as much in reference to its bright crown...as to its tyrannical behaviour to other birds.
同意語
派生語
- tyrancy
- tyrant-air
- tyrant-bird
- tyrant-chat
- tyrant-craft
- tyrantess
- tyrant-fish
- tyrant flycatcher
- tyrant-hater
- tyrant-hating
- tyranthood
- tyrant-killer
- tyrant-killing
- tyrant-kind
- tyrantless
- tyrantlike
- tyrant-murder
- Tyrant period
- tyrant-queller
- tyrant-quelling
- tyrant-ridden
- tyrant-scouraging
- tyrant-shrike
- tyrant-slayer
- tyrant-tamer
- tyrant-wren
関連する語
- tyranness
- tyrannical
- tyrannicide
- tyrannize
- tyrannous
- tyranny
- tyrantry
- tyrantship
派生した語
- → Welsh: teirant
形容詞
tyrant
参照
- ^ “tyrant, n.”, in OED Online
, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
Further reading
- “tyrant”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- “tyrant”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
- tyrant at OneLook Dictionary Search
アナグラム
- tranty
Weblio例文辞書での「tyrant」に類似した例文 |
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tyrant
a tyrant
むごいさま
a murderer
非道なさま
馬鹿なさま
意地っ張りなさま
非業の
下品なさま
a fraud
a fool
tyrant.
a tyrant
暴行.
暴力.
放蕩者.
臆病者.
天敵.
猛毒.
(a) virulent poison
毒舌.
毒舌.
毒舌.
毒舌.
毒舌.
毒舌.
毒舌.
毒舌.
内乱.
a dictator
むごいさま
a usurper
非業の
a traitor
a traitor
a traitor
a traitor
獣欲.
まぬけなさま
まの抜けていること
「tyrant」を含む例文一覧
該当件数 : 55件
The tyrant kept the people down.例文帳に追加
専制君主は人民を弾圧した。 - Tatoeba例文
the tyrant's oppression of the people発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
人々の暴君的抑圧 - 日本語WordNet
his father was a tyrant発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
彼の父親は暴君だった - 日本語WordNet
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