「地頭」に関連した英語例文の一覧と使い方(6ページ目) - Weblio英語例文検索

国衙領は、鎌倉幕府が成立すると次第に守護・地頭の勢力の下に置かれるようになっていったが、室町時代にも残存した。例文帳に追加

After the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) was established, kokugaryo was gradually placed under the control of shugo (provincial constable) and jito (manager and lord of the manor), but still remained in the Muromachi period.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

時代が下ると、荘官の武士化が始まり、鎌倉時代には荘官が鎌倉幕府から地頭に任じられる例も見られた。例文帳に追加

In later eras, shokan began to work like samurai, and in some cases in the Kamakura period, some shokan were even appointed as jito (manager and lord of manor) by the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

このように、地頭の中には下地と上分の両方を獲得し、所領の一円支配を実現していく者が現れたのである。例文帳に追加

As described above, some jito acquired both shitaji and jobun to realize ichien control of shoryo (territories).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

室町期当時、鎌倉期の地頭を出自とする武士層などの在地領主層を国人と呼んでいた。例文帳に追加

The resident landholder stratum, including the samurai stratum originated from jito (manager and lord of shoen) in the Kamakura period, was called "kokujin" in the Muromachi period.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

この地位にはしだいに武士が任命されることが多くなって鎌倉時代の地頭につながっていく。例文帳に追加

Increasingly more samurai were appointed to these positions, leading to the appearance of the jito (manager and lord of manor) position during the Kamakura period.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

しかし、鎌倉時代後期頃から、主に地頭によって、重層的な関係を解消し、一元的な支配体系が指向されるようになっていった。例文帳に追加

Around the latter half of the Kamakura period, the multi-tiered relationship disappeared mainly due to the appearance of jito, and it was oriented so as to introduce a unified control system.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

また、東国では多くの在庁官人が征夷大将軍と主従関係を結び御家人身分を獲得し、地頭にも任じられた。例文帳に追加

Also in the eastern regions, many zaichokanjin formed a master-subordinate relationship with seii taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians"), attained the status of gokenin (retainers) and were also appointed as jito.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

また国内の地頭・国人・名主らを被官に組み込むなど自らの影響下へ置いていった。例文帳に追加

Additionally, the Shugo put jito (manager and lord of manor), the local lord, and myoshu (owner of rice fields) under their influence by adopting them into hikan (low-level bureaucrat).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

佃（つくだ）は、中世日本の荘園公領制において、荘園領主や荘官・地頭らによる直営田をいう。例文帳に追加

Tsukuda was a rice field directly managed by lord of the manors, shokan (an officer governing manor) or jito (manager and lord of manor) in shoen koryo sei (System of Public Lands and Private Estates) in medieval Japan.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

もう一つの類型は、荘官・地頭などが下人・所従といった隷属民に耕作させるものである。例文帳に追加

The other type of tsukuda was that of shokan, jito, et al. which used subordinate people, such as low ranked people and shoju (retainers), to cultivate the land.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

荘官・地頭はもともと直営田を持っておらず、屋敷地のみが自由に処分しうる土地として認められていた。例文帳に追加

From the beginning, shokan and jito did not have directly managed rice fields, and they were allowed only the residential area at their disposition.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

そこで荘官・地頭らは屋敷地の周辺の農地を屋敷地の一部と称して、自己の直営田に組み込んでいった。例文帳に追加

Therefore, shokan, jito, et al. started to have their own directly managed rice fields claiming the surrounding farmland as a part of their residential area.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

また、地頭と荘園領主との間で作合を巡る争いの解決方策として下地中分が行われ始めた。例文帳に追加

In addition, as a solution to dissolve disputes over sakuai (share that each shiki had for taxes) between jito and shoenryoshu, Shitaji chubun (physical division of the land) was started.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

時代が下ると荘官の武士化が始まり、鎌倉時代以降は、荘官が鎌倉幕府から地頭に任じられる例も見られた。例文帳に追加

As time passed, shokan started to become samurai, and from the Kamakura period and on, the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) appointed shokan to jito (managers and lords of a manor).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

地頭は、これまでの重層的な土地支配関係を解消し、一元的な土地支配を指向するようになっていった。例文帳に追加

Jito abolished the traditional stratified land ruling relationships and preferred centralized land ruling.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

このような一元的支配を一円知行といい、東国を中心に地頭請が行われ始めた。例文帳に追加

Such centralized ruling of lands refers to ichien chigyo (monistic ruling), and establishment of the jitouke system (the contract system where the manor's owner entrusts a jito to manage his manor and pay the customs) started in Togoku (the eastern part of Japan, particularly Kanto region).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

また、地頭と荘園領主との間で作合を巡る争いの解決方策として下地中分が行われ始めた。例文帳に追加

Also, shitaji chubun (physical division of land) started to take place as a solution to a conflict between jito and shoen ryoshu over sakuai.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

地頭請所ではほぼ例外なく年貢の未進が発生しており、武士の荘園・公領侵出は一層進むこととなった。例文帳に追加

As jito ukedokoro with few exception were subjected to non-payment of land tax, samurai got more involved in shoen and koryo.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

そしてついに、鎌倉期の地頭請と同様に、守護が一定額の年貢納入と荘園支配を請け負う守護請が行われるようになった。例文帳に追加

Eventually, Shugouke was introduced, and under the system similar to Jitouke in the Kamakura period, Shugo shouldered the responsibility for paying a fixed amount of land tax and managing shoen.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

地頭たちは荘園・公領において、勧農の実施などを通じて自らの支配を拡大し、領主との紛争が多く発生した。例文帳に追加

Jito enhanced their ruling power at shoen/koryo through their activities of encouraging agriculture and as a result, disputes with the lords of shoen frequently occurred.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

幕府と御恩と奉公の関係にある御家人・守護・地頭らがその義務の一環として負担を行ったものがある。例文帳に追加

There were taxes and labor borne by Gokenin, Shugo, and Jito as a part of their obligations to the bakufu because they had a relationship of favor and service with the bakufu.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

荘園領主が荘官や地頭を更迭して新たに所務を担当する所務代官を募る例もあった。例文帳に追加

The lord of the manor might dismiss a shokan or a jito and recruit a shomu daikan who would take charge of land management.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

初期のものには寺社・本所関係、守護・地頭関係など全国的な広がりを持つ法令が多い。例文帳に追加

In the early days, many statutes regulated nationwide matters, such as temples, shrines, honjo (the administrative headquarters of a shoen), shugo (provincial constable), and jito (manager and lord of manor).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

こうした所領には御家人が守護・地頭として宛がわれてその軍事力を背景に強力な支配体制が構築された。例文帳に追加

To those shoryo, gokenin (personal retainers of the shogun) were appointed as shugo (protectors, or military governors) or jito (stewards), and a strong system of government was constructed based on their military forces.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

同年…頼朝が朝廷から守護・地頭の設置を認められる（文治の勅許：軍事・警察・土地支配権の確立）。例文帳に追加

The same year - Yoritomo received approval from the Imperial Court to appoint Shugo and Jito (the Bunji imperial sanction: the establishment of the military, police and control of lands).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

平氏滅亡の年であり、源頼朝によって全国に守護地頭が設置された1185年を鎌倉時代の始期とすることが多い。例文帳に追加

The Kamakura period is commonly thought to have begun in A.D. 1185, when the Taira family fell and MINAMOTO no Yoritomo dispatched Shugo and Jito (military governors and estate stewards) all over Japan.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

三沢氏（みさわし、みさわうじ）は、信濃源氏の後裔で、信濃国飯島郷地頭の一族である。例文帳に追加

Misawa clan (which is read Misawa-shi or Misawa-uji) was a clan acting as estate steward in Iijima District, Shinano Province, which were the descendants of Shinano-Genji (Minamoto clan).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

承久の乱で幕府側として活躍した諏訪部助長は承久3年（1221年）に三刀屋郷の地頭職を与えられ下向した。例文帳に追加

Sukenaga SUWABE, who worked hard in the Jokyu War on the side of the feudal government headed by a shogun, was hired as the manager and lord of manor in Mitoya-go district and travelled there in 1221.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

地頭である豪族が桑原城、貴志城、大原城などの小さな山城を築いて統治していた。例文帳に追加

The gozoku (a local ruling family) who worked as jito (manager and lord of manor) governed Sanda by constructing small Yamashiros (castles built on the top of mountains or halfway up the mountains for defensive reasons) such as Kuwabara-jo Castle, Kishi-jo Castle and Ohara-jo Castle.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

そして、京に早馬を走らせ、全て終わったから「在京人ならびに西国地頭御家人等」は鎌倉に来てはならぬと伝言させる。例文帳に追加

Then he sent a letter by post horse to Kyoto, which included the message that all of the disturbances had been terminated and therefore, "persons in Kyoto and jito and gokenin in the western region" should not come to Kamakura.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

だが、領家・地頭・百姓間において対立が生じるとその間に挟まれて苦慮する立場でもあった。例文帳に追加

However, when the confrontation occurred between ryoke or jito (manager and lord of manor) and peasants, they were put in the difficult position between them.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

なお、武家社会においても地頭の所務に関しては年紀法は適用されないものとされていた。例文帳に追加

Even in the samurai society, the Nenkiho was not supposed to be adopted for the land management of jito (land steward appointed by the central military government to each of the estates into which the countryside was divided).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

鎌倉時代に大友氏の子孫で地頭の詫摩氏の勢力が拡大し、室町時代に荘園としての実態は失われた。例文帳に追加

The area lost its status as a manor in the Muromachi period after the Takuma clan which had descended from the Kanokogi/Kanakogi clan and served as jito (manager and lord of manor) expanded its power during the Kamakura period.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

「依之御給地之時分、御地頭様へ御目見等も御家中並ニ被仰付相勤申候。」例文帳に追加

We have, thus, been diligently serving as so-doshiyori whereby we have been given various privileges such as receiving land from the government and having access to jito (manager and lord of manor) being treated like samurai.'  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

ただし、在地レベルでは公家側の経済的支配権が、現地の武士（地頭）らに侵食されるケースが現れ始めていた。例文帳に追加

In local areas, however, some cases where the rights of the kuge side to financial control were encroached by local samurai (jito) (manager and lord of manor) began to appear.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

-三代当主伊達義広の流れで、鎌倉時代に同国の地頭職に補任されたことにより庶流が土着したものである。例文帳に追加

It originally started when the third family head, Yoshihiro DATE, was appointed as jitoshiki of the Tajima Province during the Kamakura Period, and his descendants remained in the area as a branch family in the Province.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

子孫の一人である吉見頼行は能登吉見氏の庶家で、石見鹿足郡の地頭職を得て下向したものである。例文帳に追加

One of the descendants, Yoriyuki YOSHIMI was from a branch family of the Noto-Yoshimi clan and left the capital when he was appointed as a Jitoshiki (manager and lord of an estate) of Kanoashi District, Iwami Province.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

そして、三河における足利氏の所領のうち、八条院領上野荘の地頭職を得て足利一門として重きをなした。例文帳に追加

Moreover, the family established a presence by gaining stewardship for the Hachijoin's manor (Ueno no sho) which was one of the family's territories in Mikawa Province.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

所領を巡る紛争（所務沙汰）の際には、幕府の保証する地頭の地位だけでは必ずしも十分ではない場合もあり、地頭の中には荘園領主・国司から荘官、郡司、郷司、保司として任命される者も少なくなかった。例文帳に追加

Since vassals appointed as land stewards by the bakufu did not always have the authority to settle territorial disputes, they were also often appointed by manorial lords and imperial government officials as manorial officials ("shokan" in Japanese), local magistrates ("gunji"), local administrators ("goji") or governor of imperial territories ("hoji") to give them appropriate authority.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

むしろ、幕府に直属する武士は御家人と地頭の両方の側面を持ち、御家人としての立場は鎌倉殿への奉仕であり、地頭職は、徴税、警察、裁判の責任者として国衙と荘園領主に奉仕する立場であったとする解釈もある。例文帳に追加

It is even possible to see samurai who were under the direct control of the bakufu as being hereditary retainers who served the Kamakura family and, at the same time, territorial governors who served imperial government officials and manorial lords by performing their duties to collect taxes, supervise police activities and preside over trials.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

頼朝傘下の地頭・守護の公認に対しては、当然ながら荘園領主・国司（＝公家）からの反発があり、地頭の設置は平家没官領（平氏の旧所領）のみに限られるようになった（この限定の経緯についても諸説分かれている）。例文帳に追加

Needless to say, manorial lords and imperial officials (court nobles) were opposed to the authorization of land stewards and military governors appointed by Yoritomo, and the appointment of land stewards was limited to imperial territories confiscated from the Taira clan (former territories of the Taira clan) (opinions also differ as to how the appointment of land stewards came to be limited to these territories).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

また藩重役には私領主も就任していたので、例えば吉利（現在の日置市日吉町吉利）領主小松清猷が清水郷（現在の霧島市国分清水町他）地頭職に就任したように、私領主が地頭を兼任することもあった。例文帳に追加

Executives of the domain included owners of private estates, who were also concurrently appointed as the land stewards of their estates, as shown by the example of Kiyomoto KOMATSU, the owner of the estate of Yoshitoshi (present-day Yoshitoshi, Hiyoshi-cho, Hioki City), who was appointed as the land steward of Kiyomizu-go (present-day Kokubunkiyomizu-cho and other areas in Kirishima City).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

これは鎌倉幕府によって正式に補任されて荘園を支配した地頭は荘官としては下司もしくは中司に相当する場合が多く、幕府に仕える御家人が上司となって幕府が補任した同じ御家人である地頭との間に上下関係が発生することを危惧したための規定である。例文帳に追加

This regulation was formulated by the Kamakura bakufu, because the bakufu was worried about rivalries between the gokenin serving it, if one were appointed to Joshi while another was appointed to the post of Jito, which often corresponded to the lower ranks such as Geshi and Chushi, in order to control a Shoen manor.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

鎌倉時代では地頭の存在が知られるが、本来は地頭とは荘官の名称のひとつであり、文治の勅許の際にも、源行家・源義経追討を名目として荘園・公領から兵糧米を徴収する権限が与えられたにすぎず、土地の支配権を得たわけではなかった。例文帳に追加

The existence of jito (manager and lord of manor) is well-known from the Kamakura period; however, jito was originally one of the names of shokan and was only given the authority to collect rice provisions for the army from manors and public lands under the pretext of hunting down and killing MINAMOTO no Yukiie and MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune during the Bunji imperial sanction, not the authority to control lands. - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

鎌倉幕府の権威を背景に荘園を侵略し、豊作凶作にかかわり無く一定額の年貢で荘園管理を一切請け負わせる地頭請や、荘園を地頭分と領家分に強引にわける下地中分など、一部で横暴も多くあった。例文帳に追加

With the backing and authority of the Kamakura bakufu, jito could (and many did) treat shoen very harshly; given their total contractual power over shoen to collect the predetermined amount for the annual tax regardless of whether it had been a good or a poor harvest, and their power forcibly to divide the land in a shoen into the jito's private section and the (absentee) owner's section, many jito were oppressive and little more than tyrants, in a sense.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス