「地頭」に関連した英語例文の一覧と使い方(10ページ目) - Weblio英語例文検索

宇都宮庶流としては藤原宗円の次子である中原宗房が豊前国仲津郡城井郷に地頭職として赴任したことが城井氏の始まりといわれる。例文帳に追加

Munefusa Nakahara, the second son of FUJIWARA no Soen left for Kiigo, Nakatsu District, Buzen Province as Jitoshiki (manager and lord of a private estate) and this is said to be the origin of the Kii clan as a branch family of the Utsunomiya clan.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

その後、小早川茂平は承久の乱で戦功をあげ、同国の都宇荘・竹原荘（つうのしょう・たけはらのしょう　現在の広島県竹原市周辺）の地頭職を加えられた。例文帳に追加

After that, Shigehira KOBAYAKAWA played a great role in the Jokyu War and was given another position of Jitoshiki at estates of Tsuunosho and Takeharanosho in the same province (around Takehara City, Hiroshima Prefecture).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

伝承によると、村上源氏・源季房（季方とも）が播磨国佐用荘に配流され、後裔の宇野則景の嗣子家範が赤松村地頭代官となったことから赤松氏を称した（真偽不明）と言われている。例文帳に追加

According to a legend, Murakami Genji (Minamoto clan) MINAMOTO no Suefusa (or Suekata) was deported to Sayo-so (estate) in Harima Province, and when Ienori, the heir of Norikage UNO who was the descendant of Suefusa (or Sukekata) became the Jito-daikan (deputy jito [estate steward]) in Akamatsu-mura Village, Ienori began to proclaim 'the Akamatsu clan' (Dubious authenticity.)  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

源平合戦の功で幕府の西国御家人となり筑後国三潴郡の地頭職となった嵯峨源氏の源久直が橘氏の娘婿となった。例文帳に追加

MINAMOTO no Hisanao of Saga Genji (Minamoto clan), who became Saigoku gokenin (immediate vassals of the shogunate of the western part of Japan in the Kamakura and Muromachi through Edo periods) of the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and Jitoshiki (manager and lord of manor) of Mizuma County, Chikugo Province, in recognition of his services in the Genpei War, was adopted by his wife's family, which was the Tachibana clan.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

鎌倉幕府の成立時期をめぐっても諸説あり、源頼朝が征夷大将軍に任命された建久3年（1192年）説、日本国総守護地頭に任命された建久元年（1190年）説、公文所及び問注所を開設した元暦元年（1184年）説、守護・地頭の任命を許可する文治の勅許が下された文治元年（1185年）説、事実上、東国の支配権を承認する寿永二年の宣旨が下された寿永2年（1183年）説、頼朝が東国支配権を樹立した治承4年（1180年）説がある。例文帳に追加

There are also several theories on when the Kamakura Bakufu was established, such as the theory that it was founded in 1192, when MIYAMOTO no Yoritomo was appointed to seii taishogun, the theory of 1190, when he was appointed to Japan general Shugo and Jito (military governor and estate steward), the theory of 1184, when he opened a Kumonjo (administration office) and monchujo (a court of justice), the theory of 1185, when the Bunji imperial sanction was declared, which licensed the appointment of Shugo and Jito, the theory of 1183, when Juei-ninen no Senji was declared for approving, in fact, the dominion of Togoku and the theory of 1180, when he established the dominion of Togoku.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

本弟子六老僧の1人の日向の示唆によって地頭波木井坊六郎実長が謗法行為をして、身延山久遠寺別当職の日興はやむなく身延離山したと、日蓮正宗や日蓮本宗などの日興門流では主張している。例文帳に追加

Nikkomon School of Nichiren Shoshu Sect and Nichiren Honshu Sect insisted that Nikko, the position of betto (chief officer) of Kuon-ji Temple on Mt. Minobu was forced to leave the temple by the hobo of jito (manager and lord of manor), Rokuro Sanenaga HAKII-bo, after the order of Hyuga, one of the original six old monk disciples.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

1960年に石母田正はこの問題に鋭く切り込み、「諸国平均に守護地頭を補任し」は鎌倉時代の後期には他の史料にも見えることから、これは幕府独自の記録によったものではなく、鎌倉時代の後期の一般的な通説に基づく作文ではないかと指摘した。例文帳に追加

Tadashi/Sho ISHIMODA got to the heart of a problem in 1960, pointing out that the words 'set the Shugo and Jito at each province' can be seen in the other historical materials in the late Kamakura period, therefore it was not based on the governments original record but on the common view widely accepted at the time.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

同年11月、源義経・源行家の追討を目的として、頼朝の義父である北条時政が上京し、後白河側と交渉した結果、行家・義経追討のため、諸国に惣追捕使（そうついぶし）・国地頭（くにじとう）を設置することが勅許された。例文帳に追加

In November of that year, with the aim of hunting down MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune and MINAMOTO no Yukiie, Yoritomo's father-in-law, Tokimasa HOJO, went to the capital and negotiated with Emperor Goshirakawa, as a result of which imperial approval was given for the installation of Sotsuibushi (government post in charge of police and military roles) and kuni-jito (the appointment of provincial jito to each province) in each province for the purpose of capturing Yukiie and Yoshitsune.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

守護はこのように強化された権限を背景に、それまで国司が管轄していた国衙の組織を吸収すると同時に、強まった経済力を背景に、国内の地頭、在地領主（当時、国人と呼ばれた）、さらに有力名主らを被官（家臣）にしていった。例文帳に追加

With this kind of increased power behind them the Shugo absorbed the kokuga (provincial government offices) organization that was until then controlled by the Kokushi, and at the same time, with their increased economic power, made the provincial Jito, local lords (called Kokujin at the time) and other people of influence Hikan (vassals).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

領地の経営では、在国あるいは在地領主としての国人領主は、各所に散在して地方を支配するという地頭領主型の支配形態から一歩進み、本領を中心に集中性を持つ領域支配をするようになった。例文帳に追加

Regarding the management of their territory, the kokujin ryoshu who were resident feudal lords in a province or region, advanced from a jito feudal lord-style governance where they would rule regions by scattering in places, to a central regional governance centered around the original fief.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

地頭は元々、平安時代中期頃から、土地のほとり、すなわち「現地」を意味する語として使用され始めたが、そのうち、現地で領地を支配する有力者、又は荘園を現地管理する荘官職、公領を現地管理する郡司、郷司、保司職を表すようになった。例文帳に追加

The word "jito," which began to be used around the mid-Heian period as a word meaning "boundaries" or "territories," came to mean influential people that ruled territories, officials that managed manors, or local government officials (variously called "gunji," "goji" or "hoshi") that managed imperial territories on the ground.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

なお、鎌倉幕府の成立時期にはいくつかの説が提出されているが、そのうち、地頭・守護の設置は幕府の支配権が全国的な広がりを持つに至った非常に重要な画期であるとして、学界では最も多くの支持を集めている。例文帳に追加

Of the several theories that have been proposed about when the Kamakura bakufu was established, the one that emphasizes the importance of the creation of the positions of jito (land steward) and shugo (provincial military governor) as an epoch-making development showing the nationwide establishment of the Kamakura bakufu rule is supported by the majority of scholars in Japan.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

新補地頭として西日本へ移住した御家人には、安芸国の毛利氏・熊谷氏、豊後国の大友氏、薩摩国の千葉氏・渋谷氏などがおり、かなり大規模な移住だったため、「日本史上の民族大移動」と評する論者もいる。例文帳に追加

The Kamakura family's vassal clans that were appointed as new land stewards in western Japan included the Mori and Kumagaya clans of Aki Province, the Otomo clan of Bungo Province and the Chiba and Shibuya clans of Satsuma Province, and these great waves of migration are called by some the "Great Barbarian Invasion" in the history of Japan.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

長年にわたって日向国都城市領主であった北郷氏が、鹿児島市内に移された後、地頭として三島通庸が送られ、不平士族をなだめるのに辣腕を発揮し、廃藩置県までその職を務めた例がみられる。例文帳に追加

For example, after the Hongo clan that had ruled Miyakonojo City of Hyuga Province for a long period of time was transferred to Kagoshima City, Michitsune MISHIMA was sent out to Miyakonojo City as the land steward and efficiently managed to appease the discontented samurai, fulfilling his duty until the abolition of feudal domains and the establishment of prefectures.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

当初、清武地頭は宝永2年（1705年）から正徳(日本)3年（1713年）まで伊東織部祐全が就任した以外はほとんど河崎氏が就任していたが、享保9年（1724年）5月に長倉善左衛門が就任して以後は河崎氏以外が就任した。例文帳に追加

Initially, the land steward of Kiyotake was almost always chosen from the members of the Kawasaki clan, except for ITO Oribe Yuzen, who served as the steward from 1705 until 1713, but after Zenzaemon NAGAKURA assumed the position in June 1724, retainers other than members of the Kawasaki clan were appointed for the position.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

なお、南北朝時代(日本)以後になると前述の武家による侵奪の他に、本家・領家よりも下位の職であった地頭職に貴族や寺社が反対に進出する例も存在しており、そうした意味においても荘園領主という概念が崩壊しつつあったことを示している。例文帳に追加

Meanwhile, after the period of Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), along with the encroachment of the samurai into the rights of Shoen, there were a number of cases of nobles, temples and shrines conversely making inroads toward becoming jito-shiki (stewardship rights) which was lower in position than honke and ryoke, thus, in this case as well, it indicates that the concept of Shoen-ryoshu was collapsing.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

しかしながら、幕府に忠誠を誓った武士すなわち御家人は、この地頭職の補任ないし安堵というかたちで論功行賞その他がおこなわれ、荘園・公領における年貢の徴収や土地の管理、治安の維持にあたって現地支配の実権をにぎった。例文帳に追加

However, warriors also known as gokenin, who pledged their allegiance to the bakufu, were granted with the honor of appointment or recognition as Jitoshiki (manager and lord of a manor) and took local control of the collection of nengu (annual tribute) from manors and public lands, property management, and maintaining public order.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

中世以降の日本では、預所代、国司の目代、守護代、小守護代、地頭代、或いは出征した軍勢の統括を代行する陣代などの代官職があり、さらにそれらの代官である叉代というのもあった。例文帳に追加

After the medieval period in Japan, there were many deputy posts like azukaridokorodai (acting deputy shoen lord; shoen was a manor), kokushi no mokudai (deputy kokuhsi; kokushi was a provincial governor mostly before the Muromachi period), shugodai (deputy shugo: shugo was a military governor), koshugodai (acting deputy military governor), jitodai (deputy jito; jito was a shoen steward), and jindai whose function was to preside troops on a campaign as a deputy, and furthermore, there existed a deputy post of these deputies called matadai (literally, "double deputy").  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

その後は頼朝配下の有力重臣として活躍し、1185年（文治元）の伊勢平氏の平清盛一族（平家）の滅亡後、頼朝の命を受けて上洛し、守護と地頭の設置を認めさせるべく、朝廷との交渉に当たっている。例文帳に追加

Subsequently, Tokimasa served Yoritomo as his important vassal, and after TAIRA no Kiyomori, who headed a Taira family of the Ise-Taira clan, was killed in 1185, he was ordered by Yoritomo to go up to Kyoto and negotiate with the Imperial Government for permission to set up a shugo (military governor) and jito (military land steward) in Japan.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

蒲池の領主もまた藤原純友追討に功のあった橘公頼の子孫であり、鎌倉時代に嵯峨源氏の源久直が蒲池の地頭職になって赴任し、橘公頼の子孫の筑後の橘氏の娘婿となり、その勢力を背景にして蒲池氏を名のる。例文帳に追加

The head of Kamachi area was also a descendant of TACHIBANA no Kiyomori, who showed fine performance during the subjugation of FUJIWARA no Sumitomo; when MINAMOTO no Hisanao of Saga-Genji (Minamoto clan) became the Jitoshiki (steward) of Kamachi in the Kamakura period, he married the daughter of the Tachibana clan of the Chikugo Province, a descendant of TACHIBANA no Kiyomori; their family named themselves the Kamachi clan and wielded power.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

これが事実とすれば、没落御家人の新田本宗家が得宗家御内人の安東氏(曖昧さ回避)の娘を娶ったことになる（または、聖秀の一族の上野国甘羅令（甘楽郡地頭）の安藤重保（左衛門少尉）の娘の説もある）。例文帳に追加

If the above is true, the head family of the Nitta clan, an impoverished gokenin, married a daughter of the Ando clan, a miuchibito of the tokuso family (another view is that she was a daughter of Kozuke Province's Kanrarei (jito (manager and lord of manor) of Kanra district) Shigeyasu ANDO (Saemon no shoi (Jr. lieutenant of the Left Division of the Outer Palace Guards)), a family member of Seishu).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

建保4年（1216年）、頼綱が伊賀国壬生庄の地頭を称し春日大社領を押領していると、興福寺の僧信賢が朝廷を介して鎌倉政庁に訴えて来たが、御成敗式目の範疇でないため記録所で示談された。例文帳に追加

In 1216 while Yoritsuna seized the estate of the Kasuga Taisha Shrine, calling himself jito (a manager and lord of manor) of Mibunosho in the Iga Province, 信賢, a monk of Kofuku-ji Temple, and sued him at the Kamakura government office through the Imperial Court, but the case was outside of the category of Goseibai shikimoku (code of conduct for samurai), so it was settled by Kirokusho (government agency of lawsuits).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

実平の代には備前国・備中国・備後国3ヶ国の守護となり、その子土肥遠平は安芸国沼田荘の地頭職を与えられるが、専横を極め失脚し、所領は本拠地・土肥郷と安芸国沼田荘のみとなってしまう。例文帳に追加

Sanehira became Shugo (provincial constable) for three provinces, or Bizen, Bicchu and Bingo, and his son Empei DOHI was given Jitoshiki (manager and lord of manor) of Numata-sho Manor, Aki Province, but Empei's tyrannical behavior and management resulted in deprival of his title and left him only with his home ground Dohi-go Village and Numata-sho Manor, Aki Province.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

しかし、壇ノ浦の戦いにおいて松浦党が清和源氏方に与したのと同じく久直も源家方に立ち、その手柄により鎌倉幕府の鎮西御家人になり、源頼朝から筑後国三潴郡の地頭に任じられる。例文帳に追加

However, when the Matsuura Party switched sides to the Seiwa-Genji clan (the Minamoto clan originated from Emperor Seiwa) in the Battle of Dannoura, Hisanao followed and later became one of the Chinzei vassals of Kamakura bakufu for his distinguished war service in the battle and appointed by MINAMOTO no Yoritomo as jito (manager and lord of manor) of Mizuma County of Chikugo Province.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

安東聖秀は得宗被官である御内人の有力者で、『太平記』では義顕の母を聖秀の娘とするが、「新田足利両家系図」によると、安東聖秀の一族と思われる甘楽郡地頭の安藤左衛門少尉重保の娘と記されている。例文帳に追加

Seishu ANDO was a powerful man of Miuchibito (private vassal of the tokuso) as a Tokuso's vassal, and "Taiheiki" (The Record of the Great Peace) referred to the mother of Toshiaki as a daughter of Seishu, but "Nitta Ashikaga Ryoshi Keizu" (The genealogies of the Nitta clan and the Ashikaga clan) stated her as a daughter of Shigeyasu, who is thought to have been from the clan of Seishu ANDO and was the Saemon-shoi (junior lieutenant of the Left Division of Outer Palace Guards) of Kanra gun jito (manager and lord of manor in Kanra District).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

文治5年（1189年）に大江広元が出羽国寒河江荘の地頭に任じられた際、広元の目代として寒河江に下向し同荘本楯（現在の山形県寒河江市本楯）、次いで吉川（同西村山郡西川町大字吉川）に居館を構えて統治にあたった。例文帳に追加

When OE no Hiromoto was assigned to Jito (manager and lord of manor) in Sagae no so, Dewa Province, he left the capital for Sagae as mokudai (deputy) of Hiromoto and lived in Doso Mototate (present Mototate, Sagae City, Yamagata Prefecture) then in Yoshikawa (Oaza Yoshikawa, Nishikawa-machi, Nishimurayama-gun), to rule respective lands.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

明治2年（1869年）釈放され、斗南に減封移封された後廃藩置県により小参事となった広沢は貧困に苦しんでいた会津藩士のため谷地頭（現在の三沢市）に洋式牧場を開設し地域の発展に尽くした。例文帳に追加

After released by the government in 1869, he devoted himself to promote regional growth; when he became a junior councilor of Tonami Prefecture (soon incorporated into Aomori Prefecture) established by Haihan-chiken (abolition of feudal domains and establishment of prefectures enacted by new government), he exploited Western style pastures in Yachigashira (present Misawa City) for those retainers of the Aizu clan suffering from extreme poverty since the reduction and transfer of Aizu Domain to a wasteland Tonami as Tonami clan (reorganized as Tonami Prefecture and soon incorporated into Aomori Prefecture by Haihan-chiken).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

中世期の武士・在地領主は、ある者は国衙から郡司職・郷司職・保司職としての地位・権利を認められ、ある者は荘園領主（本家・本所）から荘官職に任じられ、またある者は幕府から地頭職を付与された。例文帳に追加

Samurai and landlord in the medieval Japan took charge of the territorial management and ruling by assuming various posts and powers such as Gunji shiki (local headships), Goshi shiki (sub district headships) and Hoshi shiki (executive officer of an Imperial demesne) granted by Kokuga (provincial government office), and Shokan shiki (officer entrusted with local management of the private estate) granted by the lord of a private estate (family head or guarantor of manor), as well as Jito shiki (manager and lord of a private estate) granted by the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

鎌倉時代にも京都の朝廷は政治機能を発揮していたが、東国支配を強めていた鎌倉殿に1185年守護・地頭の設置を認め、鎌倉幕府が全国支配を強めたため、京都は相対的に経済都市としての性格を強めた。例文帳に追加

The imperial court of Kyoto fulfilled a political function during the Kamakura period but Kyoto came to function more as a financial city as the imperial court allowed the Kamakura-dono (lord of Kamakura) who was gaining control over the eastern part of Japan to appoint shugo (provincial constables) and jito (managers and lords of a manor) in 1185.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

一方、師直は、武士たちが幕府に敵対したり南朝側についたりしないよう、十分な恩賞を与える必要を感じ、守護・地頭やその配下という形で公家や寺社の荘園を実際に管理している武家が土地支配者となるべきであると考えていた。例文帳に追加

On the other hand, Moronao felt it necessary to give sufficient reward to bushi to prevent them from confronting the bakufu or supporting the Southern Court, and thought that buke who had been the actual managers of the shoen of kuge, temples and shrines as shugo (constable) or jito (land steward) should become the landlord.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

これに対し、後鳥羽上皇は近臣藤原忠綱を鎌倉に送り、愛妾伊賀局（元は遊女の亀菊）の所領である摂津国長江荘、倉橋荘の地頭職の撤廃と院に近い御家人仁科盛遠（西面の武士）への処分の撤回を条件として提示した。例文帳に追加

In response to this request, the retired Emperor Gotoba sent his vassal Tadatsuna Fujiwara to Kamakura, who submitted as requirements that the punishment of the gokenin (low-ranking warrior vassal) Morita NISHINA (a member of the Western Guard Corps), who was close to the retired Emperor, be overturned, and the annulment of responsibility over the Nagae estate in Settsu Province, which belonged to the courtesan Igakyoku (formerly the prostitute Kamegiku), and the Kurahashi estate be repealed.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

以前、学界では平氏政権を貴族政権的な性格が強いとする見解が主流であったが、1970年代・1980年代頃からは、平氏政権が地頭や国守護人を設置した事実に着目し、最初期の武家政権とする見解が非常に有力となっている。例文帳に追加

In the past, many theories in the field considered the Taira clan administration as being a strongly aristocratic administration, but from around the 1970s and 1980s, the theory that the Taira clan administration was the first warrior class government which focussed on the fact that the Taira clan administration established Jito (local lord of a manor) and Province officers became dominant.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

また守護は、当初は国司の業務や地頭の権限への介入を禁じられていたが、応仁の乱以後の地方定住と権力の拡張の結果次第に領主化して室町後期には地方支配も進み、この頃の守護は守護大名と呼ばれる。例文帳に追加

At first, it was prohibited for shugo to intervene in the tasks of Kokushi and the authorities of Jito, however, as a result of settlement in local areas and expansion of authorities after the Onin War, they gradually became feudal lords and cemented their grip in local areas by the late Muromachi period; shugo in this period are especially called shugo-daimyo (Japanese territorial lords).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

荘園領主はこうした事案（所務沙汰）について幕府へ訴訟を起こしたが、意外にも領主側が勝訴し、地頭側が敗訴する事案が多くあった（幕府の訴訟制度が公平性を確保していたことを表している）。例文帳に追加

The lords of shoens filed a suit to the bakufu on these incidents (shomusata, trial dealing with land-related issues), but surprisingly there were many cases where the side of the lords of shoens won a lawsuit and the side of the jitos lost (which means that the fairness of the bakufu's litigation system was secured).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

惣内部の事案といえども、本来ならば、領主又はその委任を受けた守護・地頭が検断権を行使するのが、前代までの慣習であったが、惣村などの自治性の高い村落は、領主の検断介入を拒否・排除し、自検断を行うようになっていった。例文帳に追加

It was a tradition from the preceding era that lords or a Shugo and a Jito (military governor and estate steward) who were delegated from the lords, exercised the right to judge criminal cases even against cases within communities, but with the increased autonomy, communities rejected and excluded the lord's intervention into trials and started to conduct Jikendan themselves.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

荘官、郡司、郷司、保司らは在地社会での軍事的緊張、特に荘園と公領の対立が高まるにつれて武士が任命されることが多くなり、鎌倉時代に至って鎌倉殿に任命された地頭として安定した地位を獲得した。例文帳に追加

More samurai warriors were assigned to shokan, gunji, goji, and hoji officers as military tensions increased in local societies, especially between manors and the Imperial demesnes, and they eventually gained a stable position during the Kamakura period, when a position called jito (a lord of a manor) was given to the Kamakura-dono (the lord of the Kamakura shogunate).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

中世の荘園公領制では、本家-領家-開発領主-荘官-地頭らの関係に見られるように、土地や百姓に対する支配関係、また土地からの収益に関する権利関係が重層的に絡み合っており、著しく複雑な様相を呈していた。例文帳に追加

As seen in relationships among honke (head family), ryoke (lord of the manor), kaihatsu-ryoshu (local notable who developed the land), shokan (officer governing shoen), and jito (manager and lord of manor), dominance relationships involving lands and farmers and also relationships involving rights such as land and profit were related to each other in multiple ways; therefore, the Shoen Koryo system of the Middle Ages was extremely complicated.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

中世期の特徴は、土地の支配権および収益権をめぐって、中央貴族や有力寺社、在地領主・地頭・名主など様々な主体が入り組みながら重層的な権利関係を形成している点にあった（これを職の体系という）。例文帳に追加

A feature of the medieval period was that, concerning land-controlling rights and tax-collecting rights, persons in various social statuses, such as nobles in Kyoto, powerful temples and shrines, local ryoshu, jito and nanushi, were related with each other and formed multi-tiered right oriented relationships (this structure called shiki-no-taikei (literally, a job system)).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

荘園公領制では、本家－領家－荘官・地頭らの関係に見られるように、土地や百姓に対する支配関係、また土地からの収益に関する権利関係が重層的に絡み合っており、著しく複雑な様相を呈していた。例文帳に追加

Under the stratified land ruling structure of shoen koryo sei, the right to rule lands/peasants and the right to the proceeds of lands were very complicated because these were entangled in a multi-layered way, as seen in the structure of honke (official/nominal owner of shoen (manor)) - ryoke (lord of shoen) - shokan/jito (officer of governing shoen/manager of shoen).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

また、二毛作の普及などを通じた経済力の伸張を受け、これまでより百姓の一箇所定住の傾向が強まり、百姓たちが連携して地頭や預所への年貢を未進しだしたことが原因とする説も有力である。例文帳に追加

There also is a weighty view asserting that the cause was the fact that the cases where peasants, who strengthened their economic power thanks to the spread of a two-crop system etc. and began to settle at one place, jointly refused to pay nengu to jito or azukedokoro (a deputy of the lord of shoen) increased.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

その何十年かの間に、畿内の領主の一般像が、武装せぬ存在から、武士と武具を常備し、屋敷の守りも固める鎌倉時代の御家人・地頭にも似た、あるいはその御家人の姿に変貌していったことを如実に物語っている。例文帳に追加

It truly depicted a common image of lords of the Kinai region transforming from the unarmed existence to the those armed with samurai and military tools within a span of several decades, and became a servant that was similar to gokenin and jito (land steward appointed by the central military government to each of the manors into which the countryside was divided) that protected residences during Kamakura period.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

その層が、地域の封建領主層に結びついて自らも小領主化して地侍となり、守護大名や国人（旧地頭層）と主従関係を持って年貢の一部免除を受けて合戦時には「寄子」クラスの軍役を務める。例文帳に追加

That class became connected with the feudal lord class, and they themselves became jizamurai (local samurai) as small lords to hold a master and servant relationship with the shugo daimyo (Japanese provincial military governor feudal lords) and kokujin (local samurai) (former jito), exempted from a part of nengu (land tax) and served 'Yoriko' (bushi that served under feudal lords during the Period of Warring States) class military roles during battles.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

荘官給田には、預所給、地頭給、公文給、下司給、田所給、惣追捕使給、刀禰給、番頭給、定使給、案主給、名主給、職事給、散仕給、図師給、公人給などがあった。例文帳に追加

Shokan kyuden were classified into Azukaridokoro (a deputy of "Shoen" manor lord) kyu, Jitokyu, Kumon (a local shoen official) kyu, Geshi (a local keeper) kyu, Tadokorokyu, Sotsuibushi (government post in charge of police and military roles) kyu, Tonekyu, Bantokyu, Jotsukai (a lower-ranked officer who governs Shoen manor) kyu, Anju (officer who recorded and stored documents at Shoens, authorities) kyu, Nanushi (village headman) kyu, Shikiji (a person with an official rank but has no corresponding position) kyu, Sanshikyu, Zushi (temporary officer who made maps of rice fields) kyu, Kunin (low ranking staff who did odd jobs) kyu, etc.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

同類身分として「下人」があり、「下人・所従」と総称されることが多いが、下人は「百姓下人」などと上層農民に付属する隷属民を指すのに対し、所従は「地頭所従」などと主に武家の隷属民を指すことが多かった。例文帳に追加

There existed 'Genin' (underlings) as a close parallel to Shoju and two of them were often used in pair as 'Genin - Shoju'; generally, Genin meant the slaves of upper class farmers and were called 'Hyakusho Genin' (Genin of farmers), while Shoju meant the slaves of a military family and was called 'Jito Genin' (Genin of jito - manager and lord of manor.)  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

大内軍は間者を用いて大友軍の動きを調べ、動向を手の内にしたり、虚報を流して大友軍を翻弄したうえ、宇佐郡地頭の佐田氏の主、佐田朝泰の進言を容れ、佐田越えののち4月6日早朝、勢場ヶ原に抜け、大村山に籠もる大友軍の奇襲を図った。例文帳に追加

The Ouchi camp spied out the Otomo camp and embarrassed them, confused the Otomo camp by sending false reports to them -- Then, by taking the advice of Tomoyasu SADA, jito (Steward) in Usa-gun County and the head of the Sada clan, the Ouchi clan went over Sada, and in the early morning on May 28, 1534, went through to the Seiba ga haru field and made a surprise attack on the Otomo camp hidden in Mt. Omure.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス