「地頭」に関連した英語例文の一覧と使い方(11ページ目) - Weblio英語例文検索

なお、荘園内における地頭と領家の紛争において、和与の条件として下地中分に代表される下地（土地）・上分（得分・収益）の中分が行われる場合（折半もしくは12の分割）を特に和与中分（わよちゅうぶん）と呼ぶ。例文帳に追加

The case where chubun (division) of shitaji (land) and/or jobun (profit), such as shitaji chubun, is performed as a condition for wayo in the conflict between jito and ryoke (virtual proprietor of manor) within the manor (division into 2 or 12 parts) is specifically referred to as wayo chubun.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

賦課を行う主体によって、勅事（勅役）・院事（院役）・国事（国役）・神事（神役）・仏事（仏役）・天役・本所役・本家約・預所役・下司役・武家役・地頭役・守護役などがある。例文帳に追加

Corresponding to the officials that handled the imposition, there were chokuji (chokuyaku) (tax imposed by the Imperial Court), inji (inyaku) (imposed by In), kokuji (kokuyaku) (imposed by kokushi), shinji (shinyaku) (imposed by Shinto shrine), butsuji (butsuyaku) (imposed by Buddhist temple), tenyaku (provisional imposition for any emergency or construction), honjoyaku (imposed by administrative headquarters of manor), honkeyaku (imposed by head family), azukaridokoroyaku (imposed by custodian), gesuyaku (imposed by lower ranking officer), bukeyaku (general tax imposed in Kamakura and Muromachi Bakufu), jitoyaku (imposed by manager and lord of manor), shugoyaku (imposed by provincial constable) and so on.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

御家人は将軍から守護・地頭などに任命されて所領を安堵され、平民百姓に対する公事の負担を免除されるなどの保護を受けており、その代償として御家人役と呼ばれる各種の公事を負担したのである（御恩と奉公）。例文帳に追加

Gokenin was appointed as shugo or jito by shogun to be approved their shoryo (territory), and also given a protection such as exemption of kuji that were supposed to be imposed to commoners and peasants, but as a compensation, they bore different kinds of kuji called gokeninyaku (favour and service).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

鎌倉時代に大江広元の子の長井時広が地頭になり、代々これを相続、東大寺と訴訟を繰り返して勢力を拡大するが、南北朝時代(日本)に後醍醐天皇が没収し、東大寺に再寄進した。例文帳に追加

Since the time when OE no Hiromoto's son, Tokihiro NAGAI, became jito (manager and lord of a manor) during the Kamakura Period, the Nagai family had handed down the post down through successive generations and gradually expanded its control over the manor through repeated legal action against Todai-ji Temple, but Emperor Godaigo confiscated the manor during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts and redonated it to Todai-ji Temple.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

遠平は平氏討伐の恩賞として平氏家人沼田氏の旧領であった安芸国沼田荘（ぬたのしょう、現在の広島県三原市本郷町付近）の地頭職を拝領し、これを譲られた養子・小早川景平（実父は平賀義信であったとされる。）が、安芸国に移住した。例文帳に追加

Tohira was given the position of Jitoshiki (manager and lord of a private estate) when he received the Nutanosho estate in Aki Province (current Mihara City, Hiroshima Prefecture), the former territory of the Nuta clan who were the housemen of the Taira clan, as a reward; and the adopted child Kagehira KOBAYAKAWA (whose biological father was believed to be Yoshinobu HIRAGA) moved to the Aki Province.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

一方で鎌倉中期から橘氏の支配を離れた出羽男鹿半島が北条氏の所領となり、安東氏がその地頭代となったのではないかとする説もあり、宗家とは別の安東一族の海を通じた広がりが推定されている。例文帳に追加

On the other hand, there is an assumption that as the Oga Peninsula of Dewa Province became the Hojo clan's territory after the Tachibana clan lost its control over the peninsula in the mid-Kamakura period, the Ando clan took the position of jitodai (provisional jito) of the territory, and supposes the existence of a branch Ando family, other than the head family, which had an extensive influence over the marine area.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

つまり、東国武士の棟梁として君臨する鎌倉殿という私的地位・守護・地頭を全国に置き、軍事警察権を行使する権限右大将として認知された、家政機関を政所などの公的な政治機関に準ずる扱いを受ける権限を、全て纏め上げて公的に担保するのが征夷大将軍職であった。例文帳に追加

To put it another way, the Seii Taishogun was the one who placed a private position called Kamakura-dono to rule as a leader of the warriors of eastern Japan, Shugo and Jito throughout the country, was recognized as Udaisho with the authority to exercise military police powers, had family organs of clan governance treated the same as official government offices, and bundled it all together and officially secured it.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

鎌倉時代初期においては、国衙領や荘園に守護人奉行（のちの守護）や地頭の影響力はそれほど及んでいなかったが、鎌倉中期以降、国衙領・荘園の税収入効率ないし領地そのものがこれらに急激に侵食されはじめると、陰陽師の保護基盤である朝廷・公家勢力は経済的にも苦境を迎えるようになっていった。例文帳に追加

During the early Kamakura Period, the authority of shugonin bugyo (subsequently shugo) or jito over kokugaryo (state-owned land) and shoen (manor) was not so conspicuous, but after the mid Kamakura Period, as the tax revenue efficiency of the state-owned land and shoen or properties themselves began to be rapidly eaten away by these people, the Imperial Court and court nobles, who were the protection basis of onmyoji, started to experience financial difficulties.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

国人は、平安時代中期に成立した後期王朝国家体制の下で荘園と国衙領の管理者となった荘官・郡司・郷司・保司の階層や、そこに出自することの多かった鎌倉時代以降の地頭の系譜を引く在国の領主の一般的呼称で、同時代的に使われた資料用語である。例文帳に追加

Kokujin is a general term used for the shokan (an officer governing shoen), gunji (district chief), goji (hamlet chief), and hoshi (chief of imperial fief) ranks who became managers of shoen (manor in medieval Japan) and kokugaryo (territories governed by provincial government office) under the late dynasty state system established in the middle of the Heian period, and the feudal lords in the province who belong to the family tree of the jito since the Kamakura period who often originated from there, and is a term used for documentation at that time.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

以来、藩政の改革（藩政と家政を分け、藩庁を知政所、家政所を内務局とし、一門・重臣の特権を止め、藩が任命した地頭（役人）が行政を行うことにした）や兵制の整備（常備隊の設置）を精力的に行い、戊辰参戦の功があった下級武士の不満解消につとめた。例文帳に追加

After that, he worked energetically for redivision of the domain duties (to divide the domain duties and the domestic economy, to change the government building of the domain to Chiseisho prefecture government, to move the domestic economy services to the Interior Ministry, to stop the prerogative for sept and main retainers, and a Jiao (officer) who is appointed by the domain as an administrator), and reorganized the division of soldiers (i.e. the creation of the Jobutai (regular army)), finally, he tried to of complaint of samurai in the lower grade who contributed at Boshin War.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

渡辺氏以外の融流嵯峨源氏としては、源融の孫の源是茂（源宛の父の源仕の弟）の流れを汲み、肥前国の天皇家直轄荘園の神埼荘（鳥羽院領神埼荘）の荘官として下向した源満末がおり、その孫で筑後国三潴郡の地頭となった蒲池久直（源久直）を祖とする九州柳川市の蒲池氏がある。例文帳に追加

Another family descended from the Saga-Genji was the Kamachi clan of Yanagawa City, Kyushu, whose patriarch was Hisanao KAMACHI (MINAMOTO no Hisanao), the head of the estate of Mizuma County in Chikugo Province and a grandson of MINAMOTO no Mitsusue, who in turn was related to MINAMOTO no Toru's grandson, MINAMOTO no Koreshige (the younger brother of MINAMOTO no Atsuru's father, MINAMOTO no Tsukau) and who was the Lord of Kanzaki-no-sho (Tobain-ryo Kanzaki-no-sho), a manor in Hizen Province under the direct control of the Imperial Family,  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

筑後国(福岡県柳川市)の蒲池氏も源融の子孫であり、源融の孫の源是茂（源仕の弟）の孫の源貞清の孫の源満末が肥前国神埼郡の鳥羽院領神埼庄の荘官として下り、次子（あるいは孫）の源久直が筑後国三潴郡の地頭として三潴郡蒲池に住み蒲池久直と名のる。例文帳に追加

The Kamachi clan of Chikugo Province (Yanagawa City, Fukuoka Prefecture) are also descendents of MINAMOTO no Toru; the MINAMOTO no Toru's grandson, MINAMOTO no Koreshige (MINAMOTO no Tsukau's younger brother) had a grandson named MINAMOTO no Sadakiyo who had a grandson named MINAMOTO no Mitsusue who was shokan (administrator) of Kanzaki manor, the domain of the retired Emperor Toba; also, the second child (or grandchild) MINAMOTO no Hisanao became a jito of Mizuma district in Chikugo Province, living in Kamachi in Chikugo Province and taking the name Hisanao KAMACHI.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

直義が南朝に属して軍事的優位に立つと、頼春は対抗のために分国の阿波国へ下り、紀伊水軍の安宅氏を地頭職に任じるなど国人の被官化を行うが、一宮氏など小笠原氏一族の反抗にあい、南朝方に与した小笠原氏との対立は子の頼之の代まで続いた。例文帳に追加

When Tadayoshi, supported by the Southern Court, gained a military advantage, Yoriharu sent his army to his territory, Awa Province, to oppose Tadayoshi, and tried to place local political powers under his control by various means, such as appointing the Atagi clan, which had a powerful navy in Kii Province, as a Jito (steward); however, he encountered opposition from families in the Ogasawara clan, and the conflict with the Ogasawara clan, which supported the Southern Court, continued until the generation of his son Yoriyuki.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

後白河天皇、後鳥羽天皇院政が強力であった承久の乱以前の幕府は御家人の権益を擁護して旧勢力と対抗する立場あったが、院政の実質的機能が失われた乱以降は、幕府は貴族・寺社等の旧勢力と、地頭・御家人勢力との均衡の上に立って、両者の対立を調停する権力として固定した。例文帳に追加

The ruling of the retired emperors Goshirakawa and Gotoba had been influential over the bakufu before the Jokyu War, and the bakufu then took the position of supporting the interests of the gokenin and opposing the old power; however, after the war the actual function of the ruling of the retired emperors was lost, and the bakufu was established as the authority to mediate the confrontation between the old power of the court nobles, temples, and shrines, and the power of stewards in charge of lords' manors and gokenin, being based on the balance of the two sides.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

また、「守護」職はこのときではなく、1185年での要求は源義経・源行家の捜索・追捕を名目とした一国単位の「国地頭」と「総追捕使」であって、室町時代にまで繋がる守護職の発端は1190年（建久元年）に頼朝が初めて上京し、後白河法皇や九条兼実らと合意した「諸国守護」を奉行する権限にあるとされている。例文帳に追加

Besides, the position of 'provincial constable' was not established this time; the establishment of 'provincial steward' and 'General Constable' in each province for the purpose of searching and capturing MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune and MINAMOTO no Yukiie, which was of nominal priority, ordered in 1185, and the origin of provincial constable which would continue until the Muromachi period lay in the authority which was agreed between Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa, Kanezane KUJO and Yoritomo to enforce 'provincial constables in all the provinces' when Yoritomo came out to Kyoto for the first time in 1190.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

この頃の所領は不明であるが、歴史学者の網野善彦は、文永2年（1265年）11月に兼光の曾祖父伊賀光宗の跡（後継者）として、若狭国耳西郷・日向浦の地頭職を継承したことが確認されている伊勢前司、及び、元亨4年（1324年）3月の日付がある大和国般若寺の文殊菩薩像墨書銘に見える施主前伊勢守藤原兼光を、伊賀兼光と推定している。例文帳に追加

Although his shoryo (territory) at this time is unknown, a historian Yoshihiko AMINO assumes that FUJIWARA no Kanemitsu as follows was Kanemitsu IGA; the former Governor of Ise Province who took over the position of Jitoshiki (manager and lord of manor) of the Jisei-kyo Village and Hyugaura in Wakasa Province in December 1265 as the heir of Mitsumune IGA, great grandfather of Kanemitsu, and a donor and former Ise no kami (Governor of Ise Province) who appears on Monju Bosatsuzo Bokushomei (statue of Manjusri [bodhisattva], ink inscriptions) of the Hannya-ji Temple in Yamato Province dated in April 1324.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

文永10年（1273年）5月に執権と連署を務めた北条政村が死去した際に、政村の甥で娘婿である北条実時に宛てて「お悔やみを申し上げたいが、異国の事により鎮西の地頭御家人は参向してはならないとの御教書ですので、参拝する事できず残念です。」との書状を送っている。例文帳に追加

In May, 1273 when Masamura HOJO, who served as a regent and a rensho (assistant to regents), died, he sent a letter to Sanetoki HOJO, a nephew of Masamura, and his daughter's husband, stating that 'I would like to express my sincere sorrow, however, regrettably I couldn't offer prayers because a migyosho (a document for informing people of the decision of Third Rank or upper people) prohibited jitos (managers and lords of manor) and gokenins (immediate vassals of the shogunate in the Kamakura and Muromachi through Edo periods) in Chinzei (nickname of Kyushu) from calling on you due to a foreign affair.'  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

ただ、駿河には末弟の吉川経時を置き、その他の所領も、播磨国福井荘を弟の吉川経盛(播磨国)（播磨吉川氏）に与え、石見国津淵荘の地頭職を弟の吉川経茂に（後に吉川経家らの一族を出す「石見吉川氏」）、弟の吉川経信(初代)には大朝まで同行させ、大朝の一部を与えて自身の補佐とした。例文帳に追加

Tsunetaka posted his youngest brother Tsunetoki KIKKAWA to Suruga, gave Fukui no sho (manor) in Harima Province to one of his younger brothers Tsunemori KIKKAWA (KIKKAWA clan in Harima Province), appointed another one of his younger brothers Tsuneshige KIKKAWA ('KIKKAWA clan in Iwami Province' that later produced Tsuneie KIKKAWA and other family members) as jito shiki (manager and lord of a private estate) of Tsubuchi no sho in Iwami Province, and accompanied another one of his younger brothers Tsunenobu Kikkawa (first generation) to Oasa to give him a part of Oasa and make him assist his work.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

承久の乱後、佐々木信綱が現地の地頭に任じられたが、延暦寺・下鴨社ともに対抗するために延暦寺は堅田に湖上関を設置して他所の船を排斥し、下鴨社は堅田の漁民・船主に漁業権・航行権（水上通行権）を保障する事で堅田の経済的・交通的特権を保証した。例文帳に追加

After the Jokyu War, although Nobutsuna SASAKI was appointed as Jito (estate steward) there, both Enryaku-ji Temple and Shimogamo-sha Shrine decided to rebel against him: Enryaku-ji Temple established Kojo-seki (a checkpoint on the lake) at Katata to keep non-Enryaku-ji-temple ships away and Shimogamo-sha Shrine guaranteed economic and traffic privileges of Katata by protecting fishery and navigation rights for fishermen and shipowners of Katata.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

南朝側は、北朝の意向により天台座主や寺社の要職に就いた者などを更迭して南朝方の人物を据えることや、建武の新政において公家や寺社に与えるため没収された地頭職を足利政権が旧主に返還した事の取り消しなどを求め、北朝方と対立する。例文帳に追加

The Southern Court confronted the Northern Court by proposing to fire the people selected by the Northern Court to become Tendaizasu (chief of Tendaishu) and important positions in temples and shrines and replace them with Southern Court related people, and wanted the cancellation of the return by the Ashikaga administration of jito (land steward) positions that were taken away during the Kenmu Restoration to give to kuge and temples and shrines.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

治承・寿永の乱の過程で、鎌倉を本拠に源頼朝を棟梁として東国武士を中心に樹立された鎌倉幕府では、東国を中心に諸国に守護、地頭を設置し、警察権を掌握していたが、西国は支配しきっておらず依然として朝廷の力は強く、幕府と朝廷の二頭政治の状態にあった。例文帳に追加

Given the tumultuous history of the disturbances in the Jijo and Juei eras, the Kamakura bakufu--made up primarily of samurais from the eastern provinces, having its stronghold in Kamakura, and having Minamoto no Yoritomo as its leader--exerted control over assignments of provincial governors and estate stewards in several provinces, mainly in the east, and held the power to police those domains; in the west, however, they had no real control, whereas the Imperial Court's power in the West remained considerable, and thus the shogunate and the Court were stuck as joint rulers of Japan.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

この時期、諸国の神社領は、地頭、非御家人のみならず、本所による恣意的な神官任命や別相伝（神社領が細分化され本所である摂関家等の縁故者に占有されること）承認により、神官による神社領管理が不安定となっており、このため財源に事欠くことから神社における諸儀式が滞るようになっていた。例文帳に追加

In this period, the management of shrine estates by Shinto priests was destabilized by arbitrary appointment of priests and approval of betsusoden (fragmentation of shrines' estates to be separately possessed by Sekkanke (families qualified for appointment as Prince Regent or Chief Advisor to the Emperor) or other persons having particular relations, who were honsho (nominal landowners)) by not only jito (estate stewards) and higokenin (lower-ranking samurai not under official control of the Bakufu) but also by honsho, and the consequent lack of funds prevented shrines from duly performing various rituals.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

また、広義の場合には、豪族（大豪族）が中央から下ったか在地かはともかく、その地域で、数郡を支配する大勢力を有したのに対し、一般にその傘下にあるか、あるいは独立した在地の数村を支配する小規模の豪族である、地頭やその系譜をひく国人領主の家臣或いは被官たる者で地侍の主筋になる在地領主をも含む概念。例文帳に追加

In wider sense, while larger gozoku (local ruling families) had a large power to reign some counties in his assigned region whether he stayed in the center or the local, dogo was a retainer or hikan (low-level bureaucrat) of jito, who were usually smaller gozoku and reigned some villages which were under control of or independent from the larger gozoku, or kokujin ryoshu (local samurai lord) of the jito's linage, and even included zaichi-ryoshu (local lord) which was to be the main stream of jizamurai.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

その他、久門給（公文給。山口県岩国市玖珂町）、地頭給（岡山県赤磐市、福岡県前原市）、鍛冶給（高知県南国市、福岡県古賀市）、番匠給（山口県防府市、神奈川県横浜市戸塚区）、飛田給（・上ヶ給）（東京都調布市）など、給田に由来する地名が今も各地に残存している。例文帳に追加

Others: Kumonkyu (Kuga-cho, Iwakuni City, Yamaguchi Prefecture), Jitokyu (Akaiwa City, Okayama Prefecture, Maebaru City, Fukuoka Prefecture), Kajikyu (Nankoku City, Kochi Prefecture, Koga City, Fukuoka Prefecture), Banshokyu (Hofu City, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Totsuka Ward, Yokohama City, Kanagawa Prefecture) and Tobitakyu (Kamigakyu, Chofu City, Tokyo) are examples of place names originating from Kyuden that are still in use today throughout the nation.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

当時、農民層を直接支配していたのは、地頭・荘官などの階層から在地の領主として成長していった国人領主層であり、彼らが守護大名の被官となることでその軍事力を支え、室町幕府や守護大名の動向を規定していったとするものである。例文帳に追加

It asserted that it was the kokujin-ryoshu, who had been raised from the classes of jito (manager and lord of manor) or shokan (an officer governing manor) to the local lord, that directly ruled the farmers class in those days, and that it was the kokujin-ryoshu, who, by becoming low-level bureaucrat of the shugo daimyo (Japanese feudal lords), supported their military power and came to define the movement of the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and the shugo daimyo.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

室町幕府は寺社領及び公家領を「寺社本所領」と呼び、特に地頭やその他預所が置かれていない本所の一円支配領を本所一円支配地と呼んだ（なお、「寺社本所領」の初出は観応2年/正平(日本)6年（1351年）の幕府法令とされている。また、国衙領を寺社本所領に加えた用法もある）。例文帳に追加

The Muromachi bakufu called the jisharyo and the kugeryo collectively as 'jisha honjoryo', and called especially the land, throughout of which was ruled by the bakufu and neither jito (steward) nor azukari dokoro (estate custodian) was placed, as honjo ichien shihaichi (honjo throughout ruled land) (It was considered that the term 'jisha honjoryo' first appeared in the laws and regulations of the bakufu in 1351. The kokugaryo was included in the jisha honjoryo in some cases.)  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

土地には耕作権を意味する「作職」、年貢徴収請負権の「名主」、荘園領主への年貢納入を請け負う「地頭職」などが重層に存在し、さらに国衙や守護職が令制国単位で影響力を及ぼしていたため、武士の主従関係も一対一の単純なものであるとは限られていなかった。例文帳に追加

There was a multilayered structure of rights claimed for a land including 'saku-shiki' which meant the right of cultivation, 'myoshu' which referred to the right to collect land taxes, and 'jito-shiki' which was responsible for paying out land taxes to the lord of the manor; besides, as the provincial government office and the military governor possessed influence on each province, master-servant relationships among samurai were not necessarily a simple one-to-one relationship.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

しかし、豪族を、「勢力のある一族」「有力な一族」という意味での一般的な使用（例えば「南北朝時代の○○国△△郡の豪族」というような使用）では、豪族という形容は、その後の時代の地頭や悪党、国人出自などの領主クラスの大名分の武家に対してしばしば使用され、戦国時代・安土桃山時代まで豪族という形容をすることがある。例文帳に追加

However, in the general use of Gozoku as the meaning of 'a potent clan' or 'powerful clan' (for example the use like 'Gozoku in △△ District, OO Province' in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts), the term "Gozoku" was often used to describe Jito (manager and lord of manor), Akuto (a villain in the medieval times), and samurai families at the same level as daimyo in the feudal lord class from Kokujin (local samurai) in the subsequent periods, and they were sometimes described as Gozoku until the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States) and the Azuchi-Momoyama period.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

この話が島に広まると、同年7月22日、下里村の士族にして、以前は「下地頭」という旧吏でもあった奥平昌綱ら数名に率いられた島民約1,200名は、ある者は木棒、またある者は櫂、日用品の鈍器などまで手にして、口笛・法螺貝等を吹き鳴らしながら罵声を轟かせて派出所前に押し寄せ、四囲を取り囲んで投石を繰り返し、「下地を引き渡せっ」と迫った。例文帳に追加

When this story was spread to the island, with people who were Shizoku and also former officials, such as Shoko OKUHIRA in the lead, 1200 islanders with a wood stick, an oar or a blunt instrument for daily use in their hand, went to the police station whistling, blowing a trumpet shell or yelling, and they pressured the police station to 'hand over Shimoji' by surrounding the police station and throwing stones.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

実際に、この申請については文治の勅許として下され、鎌倉幕府が開かれた後には、この守護地頭の設置任免権は幕府に託された地方の警察権を行使する意味でも、御家人に対する本領安堵、新恩給与を行う意味でも幕府権力の根幹をなす重要な役割を果たした。例文帳に追加

In fact, this application was given the order as the Bunji Imperial Sanction, the placement and appointment and dismissal of shugo and jito served an important role to form the basis of the bakufu authorities in the sense of exerting the local police power leaving it to the bakufu and enforcing honryo-ando (acknowledgment for inherited estate) and shinon-kyuyo (granting new domains) to gokenin (an immediate vassal of the shogunate in the Kamakura and Muromachi through Edo periods).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

弘長元年10月3日_(旧暦)（1261年）、江戸氏の一族の一人であった地頭江戸長重が正嘉の飢饉による荒廃で経営が出来なくなった江戸郷前島村（現在の東京駅周辺）を北条氏得宗家に寄進してその被官となり、1315年までに得宗家から円覚寺に再寄進されている事が記録として残されている。例文帳に追加

According to records, in November 4, 1261, one of the Edo clan and Jito (manager and lord of an estate) Nagashige EDO donated Maejima-mura village of Edo-go (present-day Tokyo Station and its neighborhood) to the Tokuso family (the direct line of the regency Hojo family) when he could no longer manage the village because of the Shoka Famine, which incident led him to serve the family, and by 1315, the village was donated again from the Tokuso family to the Enkaku-ji Temple.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

1185年、頼朝政権が平家を滅ぼした直後、頼朝政権の一員だった源行家・源義経が頼朝へ反抗姿勢を見せ始めると、同年11月に頼朝義父の北条時政が上京し、後白河側と交渉を行い、その結果、頼朝側へ、行家・義経追討を名目として荘園・公領から兵糧米を徴収する職（＝地頭・守護）の設置が勅許されることとなった（文治の勅許）。例文帳に追加

In 1185, when MINAMOTO no Yoshiie and MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune, who were members of the Yoritomo government, began to oppose Yoritomo immediately after his government defeated the Taira clan, Tokimasa HOJO, Yoritomo's father-in-law, visited Kyoto to negotiate with Emperor Goshirakawa's group in order to obtain imperial permission (the Bunji imperial permission) to create positions ("jito" (land steward) and "shugo" (provincial military governor)) and to collect supplies of rice for soldiers from manors and imperial territories for the purpose of hunting down and killing Yoshiie and Yoshitsune.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

『吾妻鏡』1232年（貞永元年）12月5日条に、大江広元の頃の「寿永・元暦以来京都より到来する重書並びに聞書、人々の款状、洛中及び南都・北嶺以下、武家より沙汰し来たる事の記録、文治以後の領家・地頭所務條々の式目、平氏合戦の時東士勲功の次第・注文等の文書」が分散してしまった為、北条泰時がこれを集めさせ、目録とともに長井泰秀に渡したとある。例文帳に追加

In the article dated December 5, 1232, of "Azuma Kagami", important documents and kikigaki (account of what one hears) from Kyoto in and after the Juei and Genryaku eras, petitions of people, records of suits from samurai families in Rakuchu (inside the capital), Nanto, and Hokurei, shikimoku (law codes in the itemized form, which were used in the medieval Japan) of articles of works of ryoke (virtual proprietors of manor) and the lords of manors in and after the Bunji era, and documents, such as shidai (one of component parts of a Noh play) and orders of deeds of valor of eastern samurai at battles of the Taira clan' in the days of OE no Hiromoto were scattered, and Yasutoki HOJO collected them and transferred them to Astride NAGAI.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

そして同1232年（貞永元年）12月5日(旧暦)条の、大江広元の頃の「寿永・元暦以来京都より到来する重書並びに聞書、人々の款状、洛中及び南都・北嶺以下、武家より沙汰し来たる事の記録、文治以後の領家・地頭所務條々の式目、平氏合戦の時東士勲功の次第・注文等の文書」が分散してしまった為、北条泰時がこれを集めさせ、目録とともに長井泰秀に渡したとある件。例文帳に追加

Moreover, the December 5, 1232 entry of the "Azuma Kagami," written at the same time as Oe's article, records that 'important documents and kikigaki (accounts of what one hears) from Kyoto in and after the Juei and Genryaku eras, petitions of people, records of suits from warrior families from within the capital (Kyoto), from the southern capital (Nara), from Mt. Hiei, as well as the shikimoku (legal codes in itemized form, used during medieval Japan) of articles of the works of absentee proprietors and lords of private estates in and after the Bunji era, and documents and letters on details of war exploits (or distinguished service) of eastern warriors in the Battles against the Taira clan' were all scattered to the winds, so Yasutoki HOJO had these documents collected and handed over to Munehide NAGAI.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

これは、当時の武士（特に御家人）が巻き込まれ易かったのは、地頭として治める荘園における荘園領主である公家との揉め事であり、こうした揉め事から武士を救うには公家法を中心に動いていた当時の法秩序の概要を平易に説いて理解させ、武家社会との調和を図るために御成敗式目は制定されたもので、武家法の体系化や武家法に基づく新秩序形成を目的としたわけではなく、少なくても公家法の存在を前提とし、かつ形式的な模範・素材であったとしている。例文帳に追加

Samurai (especially shogunal retainers) at that time were easily involved in problems with court nobles who were lords of private estates where they (samurai) worked as jito; Goseibai-shikimoku was established in order to save samurai from such problems by making them understand the summary of legal order of the time centered in the kugeho and by working in harmony with the samurai society, therefore the reason was not to systemize the bukeho or to make a new order of law based on the bukeho; the kugeho was said to be still the base and was regarded as a formal model and material.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

鎌倉末期から南北朝時代における安東氏の支配領域は、安藤宗季（上記の季久とする説が有力）による譲り状や安藤師季に対する北畠顕家安堵状によると、陸奥国鼻和郡絹家島、尻引郷、行野辺郷、蝦夷の沙汰、糠部郡宇曾利郷、中浜御牧、湊、津軽西浜以下の地頭御代官職となっており、現在の青森県地方のうち八戸近辺を除く沿岸部のほとんどと推定されている。例文帳に追加

It is supposed that, the Ando clan's territory during the late Kamakura period to the period of the Northern and Southern Courts consisted of the major part of the coastal regions except for the vicinity of current Hachinohe, Aomori Prefecture, according to the documents such as a letter of concession by Munenori ANDO (the widely-accepted theory is that it was the same person as the above mentioned Suehisa) and Akiie KITABATAKE's certificate for the land directed to Morosue ANDO, in which it is mentioned that the clan was in charge of Jitoondaikan (deputy military governor) in Kinuka-jima, Shirihiki-go and Ikunobe-go, Ezo no sata of Hanawa County, Mutsu Province and in Usori-go, Nakahama-mimaki and Minato Tsugaru-nishihama of Nukabe County, Mutsu Province, and others.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

始期については、従来源頼朝が将軍（征夷大将軍）に任じられた1192年とするのが一般的であるが、頼朝が平家打倒のために挙兵し御家人を統率する侍所を設置した1180年説、寿永二年十月宣旨で東国（東海道および東山道）の支配権を朝廷に公認された1183年説、対立する弟・源義経追討の名目で惣追捕使（後の守護）・地頭の設置権を獲得した1185年説、頼朝が上洛し権大納言・右近衛大将に任命された1190年説、また一部では1196年説など様々な考え方がある。例文帳に追加

There are many theories about in what year the Kamakura period truly began, of which the 1192 theory, the year MINAMOTO no Yoritomo was made Shogun (Seii taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians")), is the orthodox view, but in addition, theories include: the 1180 theory, focusing on Yoritomo raising his army and leading his gokenin (lower-ranking warrior vassals) into battle to destroy the Taira clan, and also establishing the Samurai Dokoro (Board of Retainers, which oversaw rewards for service); the 1183 theory, in which the key moment is the official recognition of the shogunate's right to control Eastern Japan (everything along the Tokaido and Tosando highways) proclaimed by the imperial court in the tenth month; the 1185 theory, which focuses on Yoritomo's use of his struggle to destroy his younger brother MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune as a pretext to usurp the right to appoint and control the offices of shugo (provincial governor) and jito (estate steward); the 1190 theory, in which it was Yoritomo's visit to the capital and subsequent court appointments to Gon Dainagon (Deputy Major Counselor) and Ukone Taisho (Commander of the Guardsmen of the Right) that is considered the decisive moment; and a handful even believe it wasn't until 1196 that the Kamakura period truly began.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス