bar Dとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /bɑːd/
• (General American) IPA: /bɑɹd/
• 韻: -ɑː(ɹ)d
• Homophone: barred

語源 1

(15th c.) from Scottish Gaelic bàrd, from Old Irish bard, from Proto-Celtic *bardos (“bard, poet”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH- (“praise”), and reinforced by Latin bardus, borrowed from Celtic. Cognate with Latin grātus (“grateful, pleasant, delightful”), Sanskrit गृणाति (gṛṇāti, “calls, praises”), Old Church Slavonic жрьти (žrĭti, “to sacrifice”).

名詞

bard (plural bards)

1. A professional poet and singer, like among the ancient Celts, whose occupation was to compose and sing verses in honor of the heroic achievements of princes and brave men.
   • 1837, Richard Llwyd, The Poetical Works of Richard Llwyd, the Bard of Snowdon‎:

     He is a Welsh bard, and a man full of animation, anecdote, and independence; […]

   • 2023, Rundisc, Chants of Sennaar, Focus Entertainment, via Nintendo Switch, level/area: Gardens:

     A WEAPON, THE WARRIOR CARRIES. A SAW, THE IDIOT CARRIES. AN INSTRUMENT, THE BARD CARRIES.

2. (by extension) A poet.

   Shakespeare is known as the bard of Avon.

3. (roleplaying games, fantasy) A class of character that typically focuses on charisma, magic and supporting other players; a fantasy fiction character inspired by this archetype.
   • 2015 August 18, Tim Pratt, Pathfinder Tales: Reign of Stars, Macmillan, →ISBN, page 116:

     I saw a bard work a bit of magic once. He brought up a volunteer from the audience, insulted him in rather colorful fashion, and then made the man forget the insults—and then he did the same trick all over again, twice more.”

   • 2024 January 9, Kristy Boyce, Dungeons and Drama, Delacorte Press, →ISBN, page 66:

     "Having a bard would be even less helpful than having a second wizard, " John interjects.

派生語

語源 2

From French barde. English since the late 15th century.

名詞

bard (plural bards)

1. A piece of defensive (or, sometimes, ornamental) armor for a horse's neck, breast, and flanks; a barb. (Often in the plural.)
2. Defensive armor formerly worn by a man at arms.
3. (cooking) A thin slice of fat bacon used to cover any meat or game.
4. The exterior covering of the trunk and branches of a tree; the rind.
5. Specifically, Peruvian bark.

動詞

bard (third-person singular simple present bards, present participle barding, simple past and past participle barded)

1. To cover a horse in defensive armor.
   • 1786, Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page 29:

     The defensive armor with which the horses of the ancient knights or men at arms were covered, or, to use the language of the time, barded, consisted of the following pieces made either of metal or jacked leather, the Chamfron, Chamfrein or Shaffron, the Criniere or Main Facre, the Poitrenal, Poitral or Breast Plate, and the Croupiere or Buttock Piece.

2. (cooking) To cover (meat or game) with a thin slice of fat bacon.

アナグラム

• Brad, brad, darb, drab