dolphinとは

意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ˈdɒlfɪn/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈdɑlfɪn/

語源 1

From Middle English dolfin, from Old French daulphin, dalphin, daufin, from Latin delphīnus, from Ancient Greek δελφίς (delphís), from δελφύς (delphús, “womb”). Displaced 古期英語 mereswīn (字義どおりに "sea pig"). Compare Swedish delfin. Doublet of dauphin.

名詞

dolphin (複数形 dolphins)

1. A carnivorous aquatic mammal in one of several families of order Cetacea, famed for its intelligence and occasional willingness to approach humans.

   Synonyms: mereswine, sea goose, sea pig

2. A fish, the mahi-mahi or dorado, Coryphaena hippurus, with a dorsal fin that runs the length of the body, also known for iridescent coloration.
3. (heraldry) A depiction of a fish, with a broad indented fin, usually embowed.
4. The dauphin, eldest son of the kings of France.
5. (historical) A mass of iron or lead hung from the yardarm, in readiness to be dropped through the deck and the hull of an enemy's vessel to sink it.
6. (nautical) A kind of wreath or strap of plaited cordage.
7. (nautical) A spar or buoy held by an anchor and furnished with a ring to which ships may fasten their cables.

   (Can we find かつ add a quotation of R. H. Dana to this entry?)

8. A mooring post on a wharf or beach.
9. A permanent fender around a heavy boat just below the gunwale.

   (Can we find かつ add a quotation of Ham. Nav. Encyc to this entry?)

10. (military, obsolete) One of the handles above the trunnions by which a gun was lifted.

派生語

参考

• killer whale
• mereswine
• pod
• porpoise
• sea lion
• seal
• whale

語源 2

Dolphin structures in Germany.

Ultimately from 3rd Duke of Alba (duc-d'Albe in French), who was the first to build this type of structure in the Spanish Netherlands in the 16th century. Possibly from Dutch dukdalf, or the plural dukdalven, through elision of the initial duk-.

名詞

dolphin (複数形 dolphins)

1. (nautical) A man-made semi submerged maritime structure, usually installed to provide a fixed structure for temporary mooring, to prevent ships from drifting to shallow water or to serve as base for navigational aids.