con-とは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English con-, from Latin con-, from cum (“with”).

接頭辞

con-

1. (non-productive) used with certain words to add a notion similar to those conveyed by with, together, or joint

   congenial, congregation, console, consonant, construct, converge, etc.

2. (non-productive) used with certain words to intensify their meaning

   confirm

使用する際の注意点

Con- becomes

col- before l: collaborate;

com- before b, m, and p: combat, commit, compel;

cor- before r: correlation;

It can also appear as co-: coexistence, cosine.

同意語

• (together): co-, com-/col-/cor-, syn-/syl-/sym-, inter-

語源 2

Back-formation from conlang, short for "constructed language".

接頭辞

con-

1. attached to certain words to obtain new, informal, subcultural words in which con- conveys a notion of:
   1. constructed, artificial
   2. hypothetical, fictional
   3. related to conlangs, conworlds, etc.

派生語

派生語

アナグラム

• CNO, NCO, NOC, OCN, ONC, onc

Latin

語源

From the preposition cum (“with”).

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /kon/, [kɔn]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /kon/, [kon]

接頭辞

con-

1. Used in compounds to indicate a being or bringing together of several objects

   coeō, colloquor, convīvor, etc.: colligō, compōnō, condō, etc.

2. Used in compounds to indicate the completeness, perfecting of any act, and thus gives intensity to the signification of the simple word

   commaculō, commendō, concitō, comminuō, concerpō, concīdō, convellō, etc.

使用する際の注意点

• Before vowels and h, the prefix becomes co-, or rarely com-. Excluded are i and u when these represent /j/ and /w/.
• Before b, m and p, the prefix becomes com-.
• Before l, the prefix becomes col-.
• Before r, the prefix becomes cor-.
• Before n, the prefix becomes cō- (または remains con-, in Late Latin).
• Before original gn, the prefix becomes co- and gn is not reduced to n.

As usual in Latin phonology, the sequences ons and onf are pronounced with nasalised long vowels, and the vowel is written with a macron, i.e. cōnspīrō and cōnferō.

派生語

参照

• “con-”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers

語源 1

From Middle English connen, from 古期英語 cunnan (“to know, know how”), from Proto-West Germanic *kunnan, from Proto-Germanic *kunnaną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (whence know). Doublet of can.

動詞

con (三人称単数 現在形 cons, 現在分詞 conning, 過去形および過去分詞形 conned)

1. (rare) To study or examine carefully, especially in order to gain knowledge of; to learn, or learn by heart.
   • 1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Iulius Cæsar”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii], page 125, column 1:

     For Caſſius is a-weary of the World: / Hated by one he loues, brau'd by his Brother, / Check'd like a bondman, all his faults obſeru'd, / Set in a Note-booke, learn'd, and con'd by roate / To caſt into my Teeth.

   • 1815 [1802], William Wordsworth, Resolution and Independence:

     At length, himself unsettling, he the pond / Stirred with his staff, and fixedly did look / Upon the muddy water, which he conned, / As if he had been reading in a book

   • 1795, Edmund Burke, Letter to a Noble Lord on the Attacks Made upon him and his Pension, in the House of Lords, by the Duke of Bedford and the Earl of Lauderdale, Early in the Present Session of Parliament:

     I did not come into parliament to con my lesson. I had earned my pension before I set my foot in St. Stephen's chapel.

   • 1847 January – 1848 July, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 21, in Vanity Fair […], London: Bradbury and Evans […], published 1848, →OCLC:

     During these delectable entertainments, Miss Wirt and the chaperon sate by, and conned over the peerage, and talked about the nobility.

   • 1876–1877, Henry James, Jr., chapter 4, in The American, Boston, Mass.: James R[ipley] Osgood and Company, […], published 5 May 1877, →OCLC:

     He read old almanacs at the book-stalls on the quays, and he began to frequent another café, where more newspapers were taken and his postprandial demitasse cost him a penny extra, and where he used to con the tattered sheets for curious anecdotes, freaks of nature, and strange coincidences.

   • 1963, D'Arcy Niland, Dadda jumped over two elephants: short stories:

     The hawk rested on a crag of the gorge and conned the terrain with a fierce and frowning eye.

2. (rare, obsolete) To know; understand; acknowledge.
   • 1579, Immeritô [pseudonym; Edmund Spenser], “Iune”, in The Shepheardes Calender: […], London: […] Hugh Singleton, […], →OCLC; reprinted as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, The Shepheardes Calender […], London: John C. Nimmo, […], 1890, →OCLC:

     Of Muses Hobbinol, I conne no skill

関連する語

• conner
  • aleconner
• couth
• cuddle
• cunning
• cunny
• ken
• unconned

語源 2

Abbreviation of Latin contra (“against”).

名詞

con (複数形 cons)

1. A disadvantage of something, especially when contrasted with its advantages (pros).

   pros and cons

同意語

• disadvantage

反意語

• pro

関連する語

• pros and cons

語源 3

Clipping of convict.

名詞

con (複数形 cons)

1. (slang) A convicted criminal, a convict.

派生語

語源 4

From con trick, shortened from confidence trick.

名詞

con (複数形 cons)

1. (informal) A fraud; something carried out with the intention of deceiving, usually for personal, often illegal, gain.

   Synonyms: scam; see also Thesaurus:deception

   • 2021 February 23, Rafael Behr, “Brexit is a machine to generate perpetual grievance. It's doing its job perfectly”, in The Guardian‎^[2]:

     Leavers will be attracted to that story because it spares them the discomfort of admitting that they voted for a con, and then made a prime minister of the con artist.

派生語

動詞

con (三人称単数 現在形 cons, 現在分詞 conning, 過去形および過去分詞形 conned)

1. (transitive, informal) To trick or defraud, usually for personal gain.

   Synonyms: (英国用法, 豪州用法) be sold a pup; see also Thesaurus:deceive

   • 2017 July 17, Martin Lukacs, “Neoliberalism has conned us into fighting climate change as individuals”, in The Guardian‎^[3]:

     Neoliberalism has conned us into fighting climate change as individuals [title]

関連する語

語源 5

From earlier cond; see conn.

動詞

con (三人称単数 現在形 cons, 現在分詞 conning, 過去形および過去分詞形 conned)

1. Alternative form of conn (“direct a ship”)

名詞

con (uncountable)

1. Alternative form of conn (“navigational direction of a ship”)

派生語

• take the con

語源 6

Clipping of convention or conference.

名詞

con (複数形 cons)

1. (informal) An organized gathering, such as a convention, conference, or congress.
   • 1995 September 4, Lindsay Crawford, “Re: Intersection”, in rec.arts.sf.fandom‎^[4] (Usenet), message-ID <9509042250393785@emerald.com>:

     I can't speak for Faye as ed of FHAPA, but it would be really swell of someone could send us a set of Intersection daily newszines, plus any con flyers or other fannish papers that were there to had for the picking up: fannish things, you know, not including media, gaming, filking or costuming, fine fun but not my cup of blog, thank you.

派生語

語源 7

Clipping of conversion.

名詞

con (複数形 cons)

1. (informal) The conversion of part of a building.

   We're getting a loft con done next year.

語源 8

Clipping of consumption.

名詞

con (uncountable)

1. (informal, obsolete) Consumption; pulmonary tuberculosis.

語源 9

Origin uncertain. Perhaps a clipping of Middle English acquerne, aquerne, ocquerne, okerne (“squirrel”), from 古期英語 ācweorna, āqueorna, āquorna, ācurna (“squirrel”), from Proto-West Germanic *aikwernō, from Proto-Germanic *aikwernô (“squirrel”); or from its Old Norse cognate íkorni (“squirrel”), from the same ultimate source. Cognate with West Frisian iikhoarn (“squirrel”), Dutch eekhoorn (“squirrel”), German Eichhorn (“squirrel”), Icelandic íkorni (“squirrel”).

別の表記

• conn

名詞

con (複数形 cons)

1. (zoology, dialectal or obsolete) Squirrel, particularly the red squirrel.
2. (Northern England, obsolete) A squirrel's nest.

語源 10

Clipping of conservative; compare lib.

名詞

con (複数形 cons)

1. (abbreviation) A political conservative.

   own the cons

派生語

参考

アナグラム

• CNO, NCO, NOC, OCN, ONC, onc