Churlとは 意味・読み方・使い方
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意味・対訳 粗野な男、育ちの卑しい人
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「Churl」を含む例文一覧
該当件数 : 6件
He is an ill-bred fellow―an unmannerly fellow―a churlish fellow―a churl.発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
礼を知らぬ奴だ - 斎藤和英大辞典
He is an ill-bred fellow―an unmannerly fellow―a churlish fellow―a churl.発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
礼儀知らずだ - 斎藤和英大辞典
Even a churl, when armed with resolution, will effect his purpose.発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
匹夫も志を奪うべからず - 斎藤和英大辞典
Even a churl, armed with resolution, will effect his purpose.発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
匹夫も志を奪うべからず - 斎藤和英大辞典
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Wiktionary英語版での「Churl」の意味 |
churl
語源
From Middle English churl, cherl, cheorl (“person not of the nobility or clergy; bondsman, serf, villein; peasant; (also 比喩的に) servant, slave; unlearned or unrefined person, boor, ignoramus; chap, fellow, man; husband”) [and other forms],[1] from 古期英語 ċeorl (“freeman ranking below a þegn but above a thrall; commoner, peasant; countryman, husbandman; man; husband”), from Proto-West Germanic *kerl, from Proto-Germanic *karilaz (“elder; man”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂- (“to grow old; to mature”).[2] Doublet of carl, carle.
Sense 2.1 (“rough, surly, ill-bred person”) is probably an extension of sense 1 (“free peasant of the lowest rank; person without royal または noble status; bondman, serf”) and sense 2.2 (“countryman, peasant, rustic”). Sense 2.3 (“person who is stingy”) was influenced by Nabal, who is described in the King James Version of the Bible as “churlish and evil in his doings”;[3] when Nabal, a rich man, is asked to give provisions to David’s men, he replies, “Who is David? and who is the son of Jesse? There be many servants nowadays that break away every man from his master. Shall I then take my bread and my water, and my flesh that I have killed for my shearers, and give it unto men, whom I know not whence they be?” (1 Samuel 25:3 かつ 10–11; spelling modernized).[2][4]
- Danish karl (“fellow, young man, farmhand”)
- Dutch kerel (“churl; fellow, man”)
- Low German kerl, kerel, kirl (“churl; fellow, man”)
- North Frisian tzierl, tjierl, tsjerl (“churl; fellow, man”)
- Old High German charl, charlo (German Kerl (“fellow, man”))
- Old Norse karl (“man”) (Icelandic karl (“man”))
- Polish karzeł (“small man”)
- Scots churl (“a churl; a rustic”)
- Swedish karl (“fellow, man”)
- West Frisian tsjirl (“churl; fellow, man”)
名詞
- (feudalism, obsolete except historical)
- A free peasant (as opposed to a serf) of the lowest rank, below an earl and a thane; a freeman; also (more generally), a person without royal or noble status; a commoner.
- 1612, [Miguel de Cervantes], Thomas Shelton, transl., “Wherein is Rehearsed the Vnfortunate Aduenture Hapned to Don-Quixote, by Encountring with Certaine Yanguesian Carriers”, in The History of the Valorous and Wittie Knight-errant Don-Quixote of the Mancha. […], London: […] William Stansby, for Ed[ward] Blount and W. Barret, →OCLC, part 3, page 116:
- A bondman or serf.
- A free peasant (as opposed to a serf) of the lowest rank, below an earl and a thane; a freeman; also (more generally), a person without royal or noble status; a commoner.
- (by extension)
- (derogatory) A rough, surly, ill-bred person; a boor. [from 14th c.]
- c. 1580 (date written), Philippe Sidnei [i.e., Philip Sidney], “[The Second Booke] Chapter 19”, in Fulke Greville, Matthew Gwinne, and John Florio, editors, The Countesse of Pembrokes Arcadia [The New Arcadia], London: […] [John Windet] for William Ponsonbie, published 1590, →OCLC; republished in Albert Feuillerat, editor, The Countesse of Pembrokes Arcadia (Cambridge English Classics: The Complete Works of Sir Philip Sidney; I), Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: University Press, 1912, →OCLC, page 275:
- (archaic) A countryman, a peasant, a rustic.
- 1867, Ralph Waldo Emerson, “The Adirondacs. A Journal. Dedicated to My Fellow-travellers in August, 1858.”, in May-Day and Other Pieces, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor and Fields, →OCLC, pages 48–49:
- (archaic) A person who is stingy, especially with money; a selfish miser, a niggard.
- 1605, Michael Drayton, “The Legend of Matilda”, in Poems: […], London: […] W[illiam] Stansby for Iohn Smethwicke, […], published 1613, →OCLC:
- VVrong not thy faire youth, nor the vvorld depriue / Of that great riches Nature freely lent, / Pitie 'tvvere they by niggardize ſhould thriue. / VVhoſe vvealth by vvaxing craueth to be ſpent, / For vvhich thou after iuſtly ſhall be ſhent; / Like to ſome rich churle burying his pelfe, / Both to vvrong others, and to ſterue himſelfe.
- (Theodism) A freedman, ranked below a thane but above a thrall.
- (derogatory) A rough, surly, ill-bred person; a boor. [from 14th c.]
派生語
- churlish
- churlishly
- churlishness
- churly
参照
- ^ “chē̆rl, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 “churl, n.”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, December 2021; “churl, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- ^ The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], 1611, →OCLC, 1 Samuel 25:3, column 2: “Now the name of the man was Nabal, […] the man was churliſh and euill in his doings, […]”.
- ^ The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], 1611, →OCLC, 1 Samuel 25:10–11: “Who is Dauid? and who is the ſonne of Jeſſe? There bee many ſeruants now a daies that breake away euery man from his maſter. Shall I then take my bread and my water, and my fleſh that I haue killed for my ſhearers, and giue it vnto men, whom I know not whence they bee?”
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