lazarusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Late Latin Lazarus, from Koine Greek Λᾱ́ζᾱρος (Lā́zāros), the given name of Biblical figures mentioned in Luke 16 and John 12, from Biblical Hebrew אֶלְעָזָר ('El'azár), a given name shared by various people in the Hebrew Bible and literally meaning "God has helped". Doublet of Eleazar.

発音

• (General American) IPA: /ˈlæzəɹəs/

固有名詞

Lazarus

1. (Christianity, biblical) Lazarus of Bethany, a man raised from the dead by Jesus Christ and later Christianity revered as a saint.
   • 2020 September 23, Teju Cole, “In Dark Times, I Sought Out the Turmoil of Caravaggio’s Paintings”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 23 September 2020‎:

     I’ve always been moved by the story of Lazarus as it is recounted in the Gospel of John. The basic shape of the narrative is recognizable and relatable: Someone dies, and the heartbroken family pleads for their loss to be reversed. In the case of Lazarus, Christ is so moved by the family’s grief that he interferes with the natural order of things and grants an exception like no other: He brings the dead man back to life. This makes it an exemplar of a kind of cosmic partiality, what we would all hope for at our most wounded and vulnerable. Caravaggio pins the scene down to its material facts: the confused faces of the onlookers, the downcast faces of the sisters, the necrotic body of Lazarus, the supernatural authority of Christ.

2. (biblical) A beggar in a parable by Jesus Christ, traditionally (Christianity) thought to have been a leper and often conflated with Lazarus of Bethany.
3. (rare) A male given name from Hebrew.
4. (rare) A surname from Hebrew.
   • 2019 August 13, Devan Cole and Caroline Kelly, “Cuccinelli rewrites Statue of Liberty poem to make case for limiting immigration”, in CNN‎:

     Ken Cuccinelli tweaked the famous poem from Emma Lazarus – whose words, “Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free” are long associated with immigration to the US and the nation’s history as a haven – as part of a case for strict new measures pushed Monday by the Trump administration that could dramatically change the legal immigration system.

同意語

• (New Testament figure raised from the dead): Lazarus of Bethany, Saint Lazarus, Saint Lazare

派生語

関連する語

• lazar, lazar house, lazaret, lazaretto, Lazarist, Lazarite

名詞

Lazarus (plural Lazaruses)

1. (usually figurative) A person who was dead and has been resurrected; a dead person who could potentially be resurrected.
   • 1855, The New Monthly Magazine, volume 105, page 302:

     This was the classic age of all the various exhumations, restorations, and resurrections; it was a retrospective time — a time of ghosts and Lazaruses, more or less decomposed.

   • 1870, Edmond de Pressensé, Annie Harwood Holmden (translator), The Early Years of the Christian Church, Book 3: First Century, page 462,

     Those who hear the voice of the Son of man and live, are so many Lazaruses called to the life divine.

   • 2010, Ippolito Desideri, translated by Michael J Sweet, Mission to Tibet: The Extraordinary Eighteenth-Century Account of Father Ippolito Desideri, page 598:

     Finally, in whatever state or condition of life the faithful may find themselves, even if they cannot, like the apostles, assist the Lazaruses to rise from their tombs […] .

2. A poor person, a beggar.
   • 1706, George Fox, Gospel Truth Demonstrated, in a Collection of Doctrinal Books, volume 2, published 1831, page 273:

     And do you not think, that all these poor Lazaruses, that you have persecuted, and do persecute, that when they die, they will not be carried into Abraham's bosom?

   • 2002, Stephen W. Plunkett, This We Believe: Eight Truths Presbyterians Affirm, page 109:

     These are the Lazaruses who lie prostrate at the gates of our cities and neighborhoods, and these are the needs that affluent Americans have conditioned themselves not to see because reaching out in any significant way would be far too costly.

   • 2008, Charles McCollough, The Art of Parables, page 126:

     Do we respond to the poor Lazaruses in our midst with charity (scraps from our table), or do we seek to change the economic conditions that set up these extremes of rich and poor?

同意語

• (poor person): see Thesaurus:pauper
• (beggar): see Thesaurus:beggar

動詞

Lazarus (third-person singular simple present Lazaruses, present participle Lazarusing, simple past and past participle Lazarused)

1. (African-American Vernacular) To rescue a dying person.
2. (African-American Vernacular) To raise from the dead.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈɫaːz.zaː.rʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈlad.d͡za.rus]

固有名詞

Lāzārus m (genitive Lāzārī); second declension

1. Lazarus

語形変化

Second-declension noun.

派生語

• (Late Latin) lazarus

派生した語

• English: Lazarus, lazar
• French: Lazare
• Italian: lazzaro