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主な意味 | 聖人の列に加える、列聖する |
音節 | can・on・ize | 発音記号・読み方 |
canonizeの |
canonizeの |
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canonizeの | レベル:27 |
Wiktionary英語版での「canonize」の意味 |
canonize
語源
From Late Middle English canonizen (“to declare as a saint; to appoint to an ecclesiastical office”),[1] from Old French canonisier (modern French canoniser (“to canonize”)), or from its etymon Medieval Latin, Late Latin canōnizāre, the present active infinitive of Latin canōnizō (“to recognize as a saint, canonize; to declare as authoritative または official”),[2] from Latin canōn (“measuring line; (figurative) precept, rule, canon; authorized catalogue”) + -izō (suffix forming verbs). Canōn is derived from Ancient Greek κᾰνών (kanṓn, “measuring rod; general principle, norm, rule; model, paradigm”); the further etymology is uncertain, but it may be related to κᾰ́ννᾱ (kánnā, “giant reed (Arundo donax); reed mat”), ultimately from Sumerian (gi.na). The English word is analysable as canon (“general principle, rule; authoritative group of works; catalogue of saints canonized in the Roman Catholic Church”) + -ize.
発音
動詞
canonize (三人称単数 現在形 canonizes, 現在分詞 canonizing, 過去形および過去分詞形 canonized) (transitive, 米国用法 spelling, Oxford 英国用法 English)
- (chiefly Roman Catholicism) To declare (a deceased person) as a saint, and enter them into the canon of saints.
- 1572, [Christopher Carlile], “The Second Discovrs, wherein is Proued, that neyther Peter, nor the Pope, is the Head of Christes Church”, in A Discourse. Wherein is Plainly Proued by the Order of Time and Place, that Peter was Neuer at Rome. […], London: […] Tho[mas] East and H[enry] Myddleton; for VVilliam Norton, OCLC 863468207, folio 30, recto:
- 1675, [Mr. Mayo], “Sermon XV. Invocation of Saints and Angels, Unlawful.”, in Nathanael Vincent [i.e., Nathaniel Vincent], editor, The Morning-exercise against Popery. Or, The Principal Errors of the Church of Rome Detected and Confuted, […], London: […] A. Maxwell for Tho[mas] Parkhurst, […], OCLC 82210590, page 527:
- 1947, Martin Luther, “An Open Letter to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation, Concerning the Reform of the Christian Estate: 1520”, in [Charles M. Jacobs?], transl., Three Treatises: An Open Letter to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation Concerning the Reform of the Christian Estate. A Prelude on the Babylonian Captivity of the Church. A Treatise on Christian liberty, Philadelphia, Pa.: Muhlenberg Press, OCLC 464117151, page 131:
- Nay, where pilgrimages are not successful, they begin to canonise saints, not in honor of the saints—for they are sufficiently honored without canonisation—but in order to draw crowds and bring in money.
- (figurative) To regard as a saint; to glorify, to exalt to the highest honour.
- 1915 June, “another Irishman” [pseudonym], quoting [George] Bernard Shaw, “Bernard Shaw on Self Effacement”, in Frank Crowninshield, editor, Vanity Fair, volume 4, number 4, New York, N.Y.: Vanity Fair Publishing Company, OCLC 423870134, page 37:
- 2012, Jessica A. Fox, chapter 13, in Three Things You Need to Know about Rockets: A Real-life Scottish Fairy Tale, 1st trade paperback edition, New York, N.Y.: Marble Arch Press, Atria Publishing Group, published August 2013, →ISBN, page 122:
- (Christianity) To formally declare (a piece of religious writing) to be part of the biblical canon.
- 1657, [John] Cosin, “The Testimonies of the Ecclesiastical Writers in the Seventh Century”, in A Scholastical History of the Canon of the Holy Scripture: Or The Certain and Indubitate Books thereof as They are Received in the Church of England, London: […] R[oger] Norton for Timothy Garthwait […], OCLC 954899903, page 136:
- 2017, Timothy H. Lim, “An Indicative Definition of the Canon”, in Timothy H. Lim with Kengo Akiyama, editors, When Texts are Canonized (Brown Judaic Studies; no. 359), Providence, R.I.: Brown Judaic Studies, →ISBN, page 22:
- Not all psalms that claim Davidic authorship were included in the canon, but those that were canonized frequently had this association.
- (by extension) To regard (an artistic または written work) as one of a group of works representative of a particular field.
- 1930, Tenney Frank, “Republican Historiography and Livy”, in Life and Literature in the Roman Republic, Berkeley; Los Angeles, Calif.; London: University of California Press, published 1971, →ISBN, page 169:
- To these errors the Middle Ages contributed not a little by canonizing all the ancient authorities so that when modern historical criticism came into vogue the reaction against authority went too far and skepticism overleaped the mark.
- 1994, Jonathan Lake Crane, “Terror and Everyday Life”, in Terror and Everyday Life: Singular Moments in the History of the Horror Film, Thousand Oaks, Calif.; London: SAGE Publications, →ISBN, page 1:
- [I]n canonizing horror films and ranking serial killers among the entertainment elite, have we made the perilous environment that lies just beyond the coursing marquee lights and pale glow of the video monitor an even more dangerous space?
- (chiefly Christianity) Especially of a church: to give official approval to; to authorize, to sanction.
- 1784, [Jean-Philippe-René] de La Bléterie, “History of the Emperor Jovian”, in John Duncombe, transl., Select Works of the Emperor Julian, and Some Pieces of the Sophist Libanius, Translated from the Greek. […], volume II, London: […] J[ohn] Nichols; [f]or T[homas] Cadell, […], OCLC 977011614, page 271:
- [T]hat a rhetorician, like Libanius, a Pagan even to madneſs, ſhould think the Chriſtians capable of attempting the life of Julian, is not ſurpriſing. [...] But that an eccleſiaſtical hiſtorian, like Sozomen, ſhould be tempted to canoniſe ſo deteſtable an action, might perhaps not be credited on my aſſertion.
- 1998, Sean Cubitt, “Reading the Interface”, in Digital Aesthetics, London; Thousand Oaks, Calif.: SAGE Publications, →ISBN, page 9:
- The European library only achieves its characteristic design in 1843, with the separation of reading areas from bookstacks first attempted in library architecture at the Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève at the Université de Paris. [...] [Anthony] Panizzi's British Museum Reading Room (stacks surrounding a central reading room) canonised the procedure, which dominates even the more recent tower stacks, in which librarianship triumphs over ideological and economic divides, [...]
Conjugation
infinitive | (to) canonize | ||
---|---|---|---|
present tense | past tense | ||
1st-person singular | canonize | canonized | |
2nd-person singular | canonize, canonizest* | canonized, canonizedst* | |
3rd-person singular | canonizes, canonizeth* | canonized | |
plural | canonize | ||
subjunctive | canonize | ||
imperative | canonize | — | |
participles | canonizing | canonized | |
* Archaic or obsolete. |
派生語
- canonisable, canonizable
- canonised, canonized (adjective)
- canoniser, canonizer
- canonising, canonizing (adjective, noun)
- noncanonised, noncanonized
- uncanonised, uncanonized (adjective)
- uncanonise, uncanonize
関連する語
参考
参照
- ^ “canonīzen, v.” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- ^ “canonize, v.”, in OED Online
, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1888; “canonize, v.” in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press.
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