「賃金率」に関連した英語例文の一覧と使い方(3ページ目) - Weblio英語例文検索

このように、近年、企業に雇用される人々の意識が一般的にはリスク回避的になり、開業希望率が減少していることと、第2章で述べたような、近年の労働市場の変化等との関係については、〔1〕1990年代まで大企業を中心とする年功賃金制が「日本的雇用慣行」として定着していると認識され、人々の予想する将来賃金が上昇してきたこと、〔2〕1990年代のデフレ経済の悪影響がまず自営業等の小規模な企業から破産・廃業の増加等の形で現れ、人々の予想する自営業の所得が顕著に低下しリスクが顕著に増加したこと、〔3〕大企業の被雇用者に本格的な雇用調整が及んだのは1990年代後半であったことから、将来の予想賃金が低下するにはかなり時間がかかったこと、〔4〕定年退職後の収入については、「日本的雇用慣行」の下でも不安定性があることが早くから認識され、また、1990年代に企業が中高齢層のリストラを進め高齢者の転職市場は厳しい状況が続き、50歳代の賃金については大企業でも比較的早くから調整が進んだことから、中高齢者にとっては転職と比較して開業することの機会費用が下がった可能性があること、また、この年代の人々はバブル崩壊による持ち家価格の低下等の影響を被ることが比較的少なかったこと等が指摘できる。例文帳に追加

People employed by enterprises have thus generally grown more risk averse in recent years. Regarding the relationship between the decline in the prospective entry rate and recent changes in the labor market such as those described in Chapter 2, attention may be drawn to the following: (1) the seniority-based pay systems found primarily at large enterprises up to the 1990s were recognized as having become entrenched as "Japanesestyle employment practices," and the future wages expected by people rose; (2) the negative effects of the deflationary economy in the 1990s first manifested themselves in the form of an increase in bankruptcies and exits among small enterprises such as the selfemployed, and there was a conspicuous decrease in the incomes and a conspicuous increase in the risks of selfemployment expected by people; (3) as full-fledged employment adjustment did not really impact on employees of large enterprises until the latter half of the 1990s, it took considerable time for future expected wages to fall; and (4) the instability of income after mandatory retirement even with "Japanese-style employment practices" has long been recognized, enterprises restructured their middle-aged and older workers in the 1990s, conditions in the elderly reemployment market remained severe, and wages of employees in their fifties underwent adjustment from a comparatively early stage, creating the possibility that for the middle-aged and elderly, the opportunity cost of entry compared with changing jobs has fallen, in addition to which people in this age group were comparatively less affected by the effects of the collapse of the bubble, such as the decline in home prices. - 経済産業省

一　次号及び第三号の事業以外の事業にあつては、その保険年度に使用するすべての労働者（保険年度の中途に保険関係が成立したものについては、当該保険関係が成立した日からその保険年度の末日までに使用するすべての労働者）に係る賃金総額（その額に千円未満の端数があるときは、その端数は、切り捨てる。以下同じ。）の見込額（厚生労働省令で定める場合にあつては、直前の保険年度に使用したすべての労働者に係る賃金総額）に当該事業についての第十二条の規定による一般保険料に係る保険料率（以下「一般保険料率」という。）を乗じて算定した一般保険料例文帳に追加

(i) For businesses other than the businesses listed in the following item and in item (iii), the general insurance premiums calculated by multiplying the prospective amount of the total wages (if such amount includes a fraction less than one thousand yen, such fraction shall be rounded down; the same shall apply hereinafter) pertaining to all workers employed during such insurance year (or, in case of establishment of the insurance relation in the midst of an insurance year, all workers employed during the period from the day on which such insurance relation is established to the end of such insurance year) (or the amount of total wages pertaining to all workers employed during the immediately preceding insurance year, in case prescribed as such in the Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare), by the insurance premium rate pertaining to the general insurance premiums pursuant to the provision of Article 12 (hereinafter referred to as the "general insurance premium rate") for such businesses  - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム

雇用と労働参加を増加させるための以下のような労働市場改革：長期失業者の再訓練（米国），職能訓練（スペイン），賃金設定の分権化等の賃金の柔軟性向上（イタリア），労働税の楔の縮減（ブラジル，イタリア），雇用創出を支えるために雇用保険をより効果的かつ効率的なものとする改革（カナダ），教育，訓練，職能開発の拡大（オーストラリア，カナダ，フランス，ドイツ，イタリア，トルコ，南アフリカ），給付制度の改革や手頃な育児サービスの提供等による女性の労働参加の促進（オーストラリア，ドイツ，日本，韓国），若者や障害者等，特定の層における雇用機会の向上（カナダ，韓国，英国），修習生制度による若年労働者の参加の奨励（英国），より良い教育もしくは職能開発によるフォーマルセクターでの雇用促進（ブラジル，インドネシア，メキシコ，南アフリカ）。例文帳に追加

Labour market reforms to increase employment and increase labour force participation, such as: retraining long-term unemployed (US); skills development (Spain); increasing wage flexibility, such as decentralizing wage setting (Italy); reducing labour tax wedges (Brazil, Italy); reforms to employment insurance to make it more effective and efficient in supporting job creation (Canada); enhancing education, training and skills development (Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Turkey, South Africa); encouraging the participation of females in the labour force by, for example, reforming benefit systems and providing affordable child care services (Australia, Germany, Japan, Korea); improving employment opportunities for targeted groups such as youth and persons with disabilities (Canada, Korea, UK); encouraging the participation of younger workers through apprenticeships (UK); and, encouraging formal sector employment through better education or skill development (Brazil, Indonesia, Mexico, South Africa).  - 財務省

他方、①既に在職労働者と退職労働者の比率は1980年代末の5:1から3:1まで低下している中、保険基金の積立てが不足していること（財政赤字が拡大している中、基金に対する拠出は拡大）、②「空口座」問題、③基金運用が国債、銀行預金に限定されているため、物価上昇率、賃金上昇率を上回るリターンの確保が難しいこと、等の課題が指摘されており、保険加入者の懸念を完全に払拭できていない。例文帳に追加

But a host of problems remain regarding such insurance. First, insurance premiums deposited with a fund are short as the ratio of active workers per one retired worker declined to 3 from 5 at the end of the 1980s.(Fiscal deficits are expanding while contributions from the fund are increasing) The second problem is money not being sent to individual accounts set up for the fund. Third, investment of money deposited with the fund is confined to government bonds and bank deposits, making it difficult to ensure investment returns that surpass hikes of prices and wage increases. Because of these problems, insurance subscribers are not completely free from concern. - 経済産業省

第二十条　法第三十三条又は法第三十六条第一項の規定によつて延長した労働時間が午後十時から午前五時（厚生労働大臣が必要であると認める場合は、その定める地域又は期間については午後十一時から午前六時）までの間に及ぶ場合においては、使用者はその時間の労働については、前条第一項各号の金額にその労働時間数を乗じた金額の五割以上の率で計算した割増賃金を支払わなければならない。例文帳に追加

Article 20 (1) When working hours extended pursuant to the provisions of Article 33 or paragraph (1) of Article 36 of the Act fall between 10 p.m. and 5 a.m. (or the period between 11 p.m. and 6 a.m. when the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare finds it necessary, in areas or during periods that are specified by the Minister), the employer shall pay premium wages for work during such hours at a rate no lower than 50 percent over the amount calculated by multiplying the amount stipulated in items of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article by the number of working hours.  - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム

２　法第三十三条又は法第三十六条第一項の規定による休日の労働時間が午後十時から午前五時（厚生労働大臣が必要であると認める場合は、その定める地域又は期間については午後十一時から午前六時）までの間に及ぶ場合においては、使用者はその時間の労働については、前条第一項各号の金額にその労働時間数を乗じた金額の六割以上の率で計算した割増賃金を支払わなければならない。例文帳に追加

(2) When working hours on days off pursuant to the provisions of Article 33 or paragraph (1) of Article 36 of the Act fall between 10 p.m. and 5 a.m. on a rest day (or the period between 11 p.m. and 6 a.m. when the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare finds it necessary, in areas or during periods that are specified by the Minister), the employer shall pay premium wages for work during such hours at a rate no lower than 60 percent over the amount calculated by multiplying the amount stipulated in items of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article by the number of working hours.  - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム

第三十八条の八　常時百人未満の労働者を使用する事業場の属する産業が毎月勤労統計に掲げる産業分類にない場合における休業補償の額の算定については、平均賃金の百分の六十（当該事業場が、当該休業補償について、常時百人以上の労働者を使用するものとしてその額の改訂をしたことがあるものである場合又は毎月勤労統計によりその額の改訂をしたことがあるものである場合にあつては、当該改訂に係る休業補償の額）に告示で定める率を乗ずるものとする。例文帳に追加

Article 38-8 (1) When the industry to which a workplace usually employing less than 100 workers belongs is not included in the industry classification listed in the Monthly Labor Survey, the amount of compensation for absence from work shall be calculated by multiplying 60 percent of the amount of average wages (when a workplace has adjusted the amount of compensation for absence from work like that which usually employs 100 workers or more, or according to Monthly Labor Survey, the adjusted amount shall be adopted.) by the rate prescribed by public notice.  - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム

二　前項第二号イの事業にあつては、その使用するすべての労働者に係る賃金総額の見込額について前号の規定の例により算定した一般保険料及び労災保険法第三十四条第一項の承認に係る全期間における第十三条の厚生労働省令で定める額の総額の見込額に当該事業についての第一種特別加入保険料率を乗じて算定した第一種特別加入保険料例文帳に追加

(ii) For businesses prescribed in the preceding paragraph, item (ii)(a), the general insurance premiums calculated pursuant to the rule in the provision of the preceding item in respect of the prospective amount of total wages pertaining to all workers employed for the business, and the Class I special enrollment insurance premiums calculated by multiplying the prospective amount of the total of the amounts specified by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare set forth in Article 13 for the whole period pertaining to the approval set forth in Article 34, paragraph (1) of the Industrial Accident Insurance Act by the Class I special enrollment insurance premium rate for such business  - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム

二　第十五条第一項第二号イの事業にあつては、その使用したすべての労働者に係る賃金総額について前号の規定の例により算定した一般保険料及び労災保険法第三十四条第一項の承認に係る全期間における第十三条の厚生労働省令で定める額の総額に当該事業についての第一種特別加入保険料率を乗じて算定した第一種特別加入保険料例文帳に追加

(ii) For businesses prescribed by Article 15, paragraph (1), item (ii)(a), the general insurance premiums calculated pursuant to the rule in the preceding item in respect of the total wages pertaining to all workers employed for such business, and the Class I special enrollment insurance premiums calculated by multiplying the total of the amounts specified by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare set forth in Article 13 for the whole period pertaining to the approval prescribed by Article 34, paragraph (1) of the Industrial Accident Insurance Act, by the Class I special enrollment insurance premium rate for such business  - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム

この中で取り上げられている論点には、①製造業の生産拠点の海外移転により、米国には（国内に）生産基盤を持たない「空洞化した企業（hollow corporations）」しか残らないのではないか、②サービス産業は製造業よりも概して生産性上昇率や賃金水準が低いため、このまま製造業からサービス産業へのシフトが続けば米国の競争力が失われるのではないか等、後に我が国で論じられたものと共通するものが見られる。例文帳に追加

The points made by the feature have much in common with subsequent debate in Japan, arguing that(1) the offshore shift of the production bases of the manufacturing industry would leave in the United States only “hollow corporations” with no domestic production facilities and (2) because the rate of increase in productivity and the wage levels of the service industry were lower than the manufacturing industry, an ongoing shift from manufacturing to services would cause the US to lose its competitiveness. - 経済産業省

中高年齢においても、生産性と賃金水準との違いは大企業ほど大きなものとはならず、自動的な解雇としての定年制を設ける意味は中小企業にとって相対的に低いので、中小企業においては、第5節で述べるように、以前から定年を設けない企業、60歳よりも高い定年を設ける企業の比率が高く、また、定年制を採用しても雇用延長等は柔軟に行われてきた。例文帳に追加

As the difference between the productivity and wage level of middle-aged and older workers has not been as great as at large enterprises, there has been relatively less sense in establishing such a system of mandatory retirement. As described in Section 5, therefore, a high proportion of SMEs have either not had a system of mandatory retirement or have set the mandatory retirement age at above 60. And those enterprises that have introduced a system of mandatory retirement have implemented it flexibly, such as by extending employment of employees beyond the mandatory retirement age. - 経済産業省

中小企業は、労働生産性の向上のため、業務上の無駄の排除、ITの活用等による生産効率の向上や、新たな製品やサービスの開発や供給等による付加価値の増大に取り組むとともに、賃金水準と相関関係にある労働生産性の向上の重要性について従業員と認識を共有し、従業員が意欲的に仕事に取り組み、付加価値を作り出す能力を高めていくべく、経営者と従業員が共に努力していくことが重要であるといえよう。例文帳に追加

It is important for SMEs, with the objective of heightening labor productivity, to abolish wasteful operational practices, raise production efficiency levels through the use of IT and other measures, and work on increasing added value through the development, supply and other processes of new products and services. Management and employees must join hands and work together in order to attain mutual understanding regarding the importance of raising labor productivity, which has a correlation to wage levels, motivate the employees toward work and improve the capabilities to generate added value. - 経済産業省

実際、EIU80がアジア地域に展開する会員企業600社を対象に行ったアンケート調査81では、アジア地域に進出している多くの企業が、①新しい事業展開に必要なより専門性の高い高度なスキルを持つ労働者を確保することが年々難しくなりつつあること82、②欠員の補充が困難83、③高い離職率84、④賃金の高騰85等といった点をアジアにおける事業展開上の障害として挙げている。例文帳に追加

In fact, a questionnaire survey79 carried out by the EIU80 among 600 member companies operating in that Asian region shows that many companies, which have entered the Asian region, raised problems such as the following as obstacles to business development in Asia: (a) it is becoming more difficult every year to find high-skilled workers with a higher degree of expertise who are necessary for new business development81, (b) filling vacant positions is difficult82, (c) there is a high turnover rate83, (d)and there has been in increase in wages, etc. - 経済産業省

このような中・東欧諸国の高成長は、EU加盟を契機として、その高い教育水準と語学力、西欧と比べて低い賃金水準等を背景に、EU15等の企業の直接投資や金融機関からの融資を積極的に受け入れたことで、生産能力の増強や技術移転、効率的な生産管理手法の導入、そしてこれらに必要な資金の調達が円滑に行われたことが大きく貢献している。例文帳に追加

With their accession to the EU as a turning point, and against a background of high levels of education and linguistic ability, but wage levels lower than Western Europe; Central and Eastern European countries have vigorously accepted direct investments from companies and loans from financial institutions in the EU15 and other such countries. The enhancement of production capacity, the transfer of technology, the introduction of efficient production control techniques, and the procurement of the funds necessary for these activities have all been achieved smoothly, and this has contributed greatly to the rapid growth of these countries. - 経済産業省

第三十八条の七　常時百人未満の労働者を使用する事業場における休業補償については、厚生労働省において作成する毎月勤労統計（以下「毎月勤労統計」という。）における各産業の毎月きまつて支給する給与の四半期ごとの平均給与額のその四半期の前における四半期ごとの平均給与額に対する比率に基づき、当該休業補償の額の算定にあたり平均賃金の百分の六十（当該事業場が当該休業補償について常時百人以上の労働者を使用するものとしてその額の改訂をしたことがあるものである場合にあつては、当該改訂に係る休業補償の額）に乗ずべき率を告示するものとする。例文帳に追加

Article 38-7 As for compensation for absence from work made in a workplace which usually employs less than 100 workers, the rate by which 60 percent of the amount of average wages is multiplied (when a workplace has adjusted the amount of compensation for absence from work like that which usually employs 100 workers or more, the adjusted amount shall be adopted) shall be fixed by public notice in the Official Gazette on the basis of the ratio of the average wages during a quarter of monthly regular wage in each industry under the Monthly Labor Survey complied by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (hereinafter referred to as "Monthly Labor Survey") to those during the preceding quarter for calculating the amount of compensation for absence from work.  - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム

第十五条の二　第十一条の二の規定により一般保険料の額を同条の規定による額とすることとされた高年齢労働者を使用する事業（第十九条の二及び第三十条において「高年齢者免除額に係る事業」という。）の事業主が前条第一項又は第二項の規定により納付すべき労働保険料のうち一般保険料の額は、政令で定めるところにより、同条第一項第一号若しくは第二号又は第二項第一号若しくは第二号の規定にかかわらず、当該各号の規定による額から、その保険年度に使用する高年齢労働者（保険年度の中途に保険関係が成立したものについては、当該保険関係が成立した日からその保険年度の末日までに使用する高年齢労働者）に係る高年齢者賃金総額（その額に千円未満の端数がある場合には、厚生労働省令で定めるところにより端数計算をした後の額。以下この条及び第十九条の二において同じ。）の見込額（厚生労働省令で定める場合にあつては、直前の保険年度に使用した高年齢労働者に係る高年齢者賃金総額）に雇用保険率を乗じて得た額を超えない額を減じた額とする。例文帳に追加

Article 15-2 The amount of the general insurance premiums, among the labor insurance premiums payable pursuant to the provision of the preceding Article, paragraph (1) or (2) by the business operator of a business employing older workers for which the amount prescribed by Article 11-2 is acknowledged as the amount of the general insurance premiums pursuant to the provision of the same Article (hereinafter referred to as the "businesses pertaining to older worker exemptions" in Article 19-2 and Article 30), shall be, as specified by a Cabinet Order and notwithstanding the provision of the same Article, paragraph (1), item (i) or (ii), or paragraph (2), item (i) or (ii), the amount obtained by reducing, from the amount listed in each such item, the amount not exceeding the amount obtained by multiplying the prospective amount of total wages of older workers (if such amount includes a fraction less than one thousand yen, the amount after discarding such fraction pursuant to the provisions of the Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare; hereinafter the same shall apply in this Article and in Article 19-2) pertaining to the older workers employed during such insurance year (or the older workers employed during the period from the establishment of such insurance relation to the end of such insurance year in case the insurance relation is established in the midst of an insurance year) (or the amount of total wages of older workers pertaining to the older workers employed during the immediately preceding insurance year, in case prescribed as such in the Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare), by the employment insurance rate.  - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム

イ　労災保険法第三十四条第一項の承認に係る事業（ハの事業を除く。）にあつては、その使用するすべての労働者に係る賃金総額の見込額について前号の規定の例により算定した一般保険料及びその保険年度における第十三条の厚生労働省令で定める額の総額（その額に千円未満の端数があるときは、その端数は、切り捨てる。以下同じ。）の見込額（厚生労働省令で定める場合にあつては、直前の保険年度における同条の厚生労働省令で定める額の総額。ハにおいて同じ。）に当該事業についての第一種特別加入保険料率を乗じて算定した第一種特別加入保険料例文帳に追加

(a) For businesses pertaining to the approval prescribed by Article 34, paragraph (1) of the Industrial Accident Insurance Act (excluding the businesses prescribed in (c) below), the general insurance premiums calculated pursuant to the rule in the preceding item in respect of the prospective amount of total wages pertaining to all workers employed for such business, and the Class I special enrollment insurance premiums calculated by multiplying the prospective amount of the total of the amounts specified by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare set forth in Article 13 for such insurance year (if such amount includes a fraction less than one thousand yen, such fraction shall be rounded down; the same shall apply hereinafter) (or the total of the amounts specified by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare set forth in the same Article for the immediately preceding insurance year, in case prescribed as such in the Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare; the same shall apply in (c) below), by the Class I special enrollment insurance rate for such business  - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム

ロ　労災保険法第三十六条第一項の承認に係る事業（ハの事業を除く。）にあつては、その使用するすべての労働者に係る賃金総額の見込額について前号の規定の例により算定した一般保険料及びその保険年度における前条第一項の厚生労働省令で定める額の総額（その額に千円未満の端数があるときは、その端数は、切り捨てる。以下同じ。）の見込額（厚生労働省令で定める場合にあつては、直前の保険年度における同項の厚生労働省令で定める額の総額。ハにおいて同じ。）に当該事業についての第三種特別加入保険料率を乗じて算定した第三種特別加入保険料例文帳に追加

(b) For businesses pertaining to the approval prescribed by Article 36, paragraph (1) of the Industrial Accident Insurance Act (excluding the businesses prescribed in (c) below), the general insurance premiums calculated pursuant to the rule in the preceding item in respect of the prospective amount of total wages pertaining to all workers employed for such business, and the Class III special enrollment insurance premiums calculated by multiplying the prospective amount of the total of the amounts specified by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare set forth in the preceding Article, paragraph (1) for such insurance year (if such amount includes a fraction less than one thousand yen, such fraction shall be rounded down; the same shall apply hereinafter) (or the total of the amounts specified by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare set forth in the same paragraph for the immediately preceding insurance year, in case prescribed as such in the Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare; the same shall apply in (c) below), by the Class III special enrollment insurance rate for such business  - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム

第十九条の二　高年齢者免除額に係る事業の事業主が前条第一項又は第二項の規定により提出すべき申告書に記載する労働保険料のうち一般保険料の額は、政令で定めるところにより、同条第一項第一号若しくは第二号又は第二項第一号若しくは第二号の規定にかかわらず、当該各号の規定による額から、その保険年度に使用した高年齢労働者（保険年度の中途に保険関係が成立し、又は消滅したものについては、その保険年度において、当該保険関係が成立していた期間に使用した高年齢労働者）に係る高年齢者賃金総額に雇用保険率を乗じて得た額を超えない額を減じた額とする。例文帳に追加

Article 19-2 The amount of the general insurance premiums, among the labor insurance premiums described in the declaration form which the business operator of the businesses pertaining to older worker exemptions is required to submit pursuant to the provision of the preceding Article, paragraph (1) or (2), shall be, as specified by a Cabinet Order and notwithstanding the provision of the same Article, paragraph (1), item (i) or (ii), or paragraph (2), item (i) or (ii), the amount obtained by reducing, from the amount listed in each such item, the amount not exceeding the amount obtained by multiplying the total wages of older workers pertaining to the older workers employed during such insurance year (or, in case of establishment or extinction of the insurance relation in the midst of an insurance year, the older workers employed during the period such insurance relation existed during such insurance year), by the employment insurance rate.  - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム

第一には人口動態の問題であり、一般に、高所得国（例えば労働力が減少している我が国）とアジアの発展途上国（人口が1995年から2005年で年平均1.6％成長）との間では大きな人口動態の相違があること、また、ヘルスケア分野の外国人労働者に対する需要を作り出す先進国の高齢化や、個別国家間での出生率の多様な格差等の年齢構成の相違68、最後に、送出国と受入れ国の賃金格差も決定的要因であるとし、OECD諸国とアジアの1人当たりGDPの格差が18％69、タイ・マレーシアの1人当たりGDPも周辺国と最大10倍近くになることを挙げている。例文帳に追加

Firstly, it is a population dynamics matter. There is generally a great difference in the population dynamics between high-income countries (for example, Japan, where the workforce is decreasing) and Asian developing countries (where the population has increased by an average of 1.6% a year in the period from 1995 to 2005).In addition, the aging of citizens in developed countries has created a demand for foreign workers in the field of health care as well the difference in age structures67 such as the disparity among the birth rates of individual countries. Finally, it is thought that the wage differentials between sending countries and receiving countries is the decisive factor, given that the gap between the GDP per capita of OECD countries and Asia is18%68, and the GDP per capita of Thailand and Malaysia is nearly 10 times higher than that of their neighboring countries. - 経済産業省

IMF（2008）では、中・東欧諸国経済が抱える3つのリスクとして、①米国サブプライム住宅ローン問題の損失を補填するために西欧の銀行が中・東欧諸国向け融資を引き上げたり、資本コストやリスク・スプレッドの上昇に直面した西欧の銀行が、中・東欧向け融資を縮小したり、融資条件を厳格化するリスク、②生産性上昇率を上回って賃金が上昇することで国際競争力が急速に低下し、海外からの投資が減少したり、融資の多くが住宅ローンの形で住宅市場に投資されているようなケースで、住宅市場の縮小によって信用リスクの見直しが行われるリスク、③中・東欧に流入する資金の多くが、産油諸国や一次産品輸出者の資金と推測される中、世界経済が減速して、これら資金の流入が枯渇するリスクを挙げている。例文帳に追加

The IMF (2008) lists the following three risks as being faced by the economies of Central and Eastern European countries: (a) the risk of Western European banks withdrawing finance to Central and Eastern European countries in order to compensate the losses arising from the US subprime mortgage problem, or, faced with rising capital costs and risk spreads, reducing the capital or tightening their loan conditions for Central and Eastern Europe; (b) the risk of rapid declines in international competitiveness or decreases in investments from overseas due to wages rising in excess of the rate of productivity growth, or, in cases where much of the finance has been invested in the housing market in the form of mortgages, of credit risks being reviewed as a consequence of a shrinking housing market; and (c) presuming that much of the funds flowing into Central and Eastern Europe are the funds of oil-producing countries and primary commodity exporters, the risk of these funds drying up as the world economy slows. - 経済産業省

２　使用者は、前項の規定により休業補償を行つている労働者と同一の事業場における同種の労働者に対して所定労働時間労働した場合に支払われる通常の賃金の、一月から三月まで、四月から六月まで、七月から九月まで及び十月から十二月までの各区分による期間（以下四半期という。）ごとの一箇月一人当り平均額（常時百人未満の労働者を使用する事業場については、厚生労働省において作成する毎月勤労統計における当該事業場の属する産業に係る毎月きまつて支給する給与の四半期の労働者一人当りの一箇月平均額。以下平均給与額という。）が、当該労働者が業務上負傷し、又は疾病にかかつた日の属する四半期における平均給与額の百分の百二十をこえ、又は百分の八十を下るに至つた場合においては、使用者は、その上昇し又は低下した比率に応じて、その上昇し又は低下するに至つた四半期の次の次の四半期において、前項の規定により当該労働者に対して行つている休業補償の額を改訂し、その改訂をした四半期に属する最初の月から改訂された額により休業補償を行わなければならない。改訂後の休業補償の額の改訂についてもこれに準ずる。例文帳に追加

(2) In the event that the per capita average monthly amount of ordinary wages payable in the period of January through March, April through June, July through September, or October through December, respectively (any such period being referred to hereinafter as a "quarter"), for the number of the prescribed working hours for a worker at the same workplace and engaged in the same type of work as the worker receiving compensation for absence from work pursuant to the preceding paragraph (or, for a workplace where less than 100 workers are ordinarily employed, the average monthly amount during the quarter per worker of compensation paid every month in the industry to which that workplace belongs, as provided in the Monthly Labor Survey compiled by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare; hereinafter whichever amount applies shall be referred to as the "average compensation amount") exceeds 120 percent of the average compensation amount during the quarter in which the worker in question suffered the injury or illness in the engagement of the employment, or falls below 80 percent of that same amount, the employer shall adjust the amount of compensation for absence from work which is payable to the worker in question pursuant to the preceding paragraph in accordance with such rate of increase or decrease in the second quarter following the quarter in which the increase or decrease occurred; and the employer shall make compensation for absence from work of such adjusted amount from the first month of the quarter in which such adjustment takes effect. Thereafter, adjustment to the previously adjusted amount of compensation for absence from work shall be made in the same manner.  - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム