「UNDER」に関連した英語例文の一覧と使い方(995ページ目) - Weblio英語例文検索

The citizens under the Tonden system were controlled separately from ordinary agricultural management and linked to military organizations by the Tennochurosho in each district, Tennotoi in each prefecture. 例文帳に追加

屯田制下の人民は、各郡の典農中郎将、各県の典農都尉によって、一般の農村行政とは別に軍事組織と結びついた形で統治された。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI developed this further and the castle town of Osaka-jo Castle, which became the center of politics and economy under the Toyotomi government, became a center for riches and was very prosperous. 例文帳に追加

さらにそれを発展させたのが豊臣秀吉で、豊臣政権の政治経済の中心となった大坂城下は富の集積地となって殷賑を極めた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Under such situations, a fight over succession for shogun occurred and in addition, struggles for power between shugo daimyo (shugo, which were Japanese provincial military governors that became daimyo, which were Japanese feudal lords) such as the Yamana clan and Hosokawa clan and a fight over succession to family headship in the Hatakeyama clan and Shiba clan occurred resulting in the occurrence of the Onin Disturbance. 例文帳に追加

この最中に将軍の跡継ぎ争いが勃発し、これに山名氏・細川氏ら守護大名の権力争い・畠山氏・斯波氏の跡継ぎ争いなどが加わり応仁の乱が起こった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Under the leadership of shogun Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA, anti-Nobunaga forces such as Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA, Hieizan (Enryaku-ji Temple), Hongan-ji Temple, Shingen TAKEDA, Kenshin UESUGI, Yoshikage ASAKURA, Nagamasa AZAI, Hisahide MATSUNAGA, Miyoshi sanninshu, and Terumoto MORI gathered together and established encircling formation. 例文帳に追加

将軍の足利義昭が音頭を取り、比叡山、本願寺、武田信玄、上杉謙信、朝倉義景、浅井長政、松永久秀、三好三人衆、毛利輝元ら反信長派が結集して信長包囲網を築き上げた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

There were many families which were given important positions under the Tokugawa government as seen in the fact that the Hoshina clan was inherited by Masayuki HOSHINA, who was an illegitimate child of the shogun, Hidetada TOKUGAWA, and the Ogasawara clan was given Buzen Kokura to keep an eye on Kyushu. 例文帳に追加

また、保科氏は将軍徳川秀忠の庶子・保科正之が継ぎ、小笠原氏は豊前小倉藩で九州の押えを任じられるなど徳川政権下では重く用いられている家は多い。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Under the council system by nayashu (wealthy merchants who led autonomous organizations in cities), who were egoshu (members of council), it established autonomy and refused control by sengoku daimyo by surrounding the whole city with a moat and employing ronin as mercenary. 例文帳に追加

会合衆である納屋衆による合議制の元、自治を行い、都市全体に濠を巡らし、牢人を傭兵として雇うなど、戦国大名による支配も拒絶していた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

And some ryokes donated to more powerful aristocrats such as Imperial Families or sekkan-ke and the highest ranking lord of shoen was called honke (the owner of the highest-graded patches of land under the stratified land ruling structure of shoen). 例文帳に追加

さらに領家から、皇族や摂関家などのより有力な貴族へ寄進されることもあり、最上位の荘園領主を本家（ほんけ）といった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

The ashigaru under the direct control of daimyo within the various domains were organized into units and during peacetime were used as low-level clerks known as 'monokaki-ashigaru' who served as watchmen and carried out miscellaneous duties. 例文帳に追加

諸藩においては、大名家直属の足軽は足軽組に編入され、平時は各所の番人や各種の雑用それに「物書き足軽」と呼ばれる下級事務員に用いられた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

In the wake of the change, the masses in the Kinai region (the provinces in the vicinity of the capital which were under direct Imperial rule), which was an advanced area of those days, began to form solidarity organizations (called ikki in Japanese) to make a political appeal to their rulers such as the bakufu (feudal government headed by a shogun) and their shugo (provincial constables). 例文帳に追加

これにより、まず当時の先進地域だった畿内において、民衆が連帯組織＝一揆を形成して、支配者（幕府や守護など）へ政治的な要求を行うようになった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Masanobu WAKASA (class of 1972, linguistics): He started to write novels for dojinshi (publications aimed at a particular hobby group) when he was a student, and his novel 'Kayanokimatsuri,' which was written under his pen name Shuzo TAKI, won the Akutagawa Award in 1977. 例文帳に追加

若狭雅信（1972年卒・言語）在学中に同人誌で創作活動を始め、1977年に高城修三の筆名による「榧の木祭り」で芥川賞を受賞。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

The commercial code defines it as one who conducts distribution or purchases for others, under one's name, as a business, (Article 551 of the commercial code) and the buying and selling that is conducted by Toiya is determined by others. 例文帳に追加

商法で、自己の名をもって他人のために物品の販売又は買い入れをすることを業とする者と定義されており（b商法第551条）、問屋の行う売買は他人の計算においてなされる。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

In other words, although, Toiya make deals under their own name and become the ones that assume rights and obligations to the parties that Toiya are making deals with, the profits and losses from the deals are restored to the consignor. 例文帳に追加

つまり、問屋は自己の名義で取引を行い取引の相手方に対する権利義務の主体となるが、その取引による損益は委託者に帰属する。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Cohorts were deployed throughout the country as the national military organization under the Ritsuryo system (a system of centralized government based on the ritsuryo codes), which began to take full effect at the beginning of the eighth century. 例文帳に追加

8世紀初頭に本格運用され始めた律令制においては、国家の軍事組織として全国各地に軍団(古代日本)を置くこととしていた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Under those circumstances, the dissatisfaction had gradually accumulated among the Japanese residents, and eventually the Sanpo War occurred in 1510 as a result of the outburst of their dissatisfaction, but this was suppressed by the Korean Dynasty (see the section of Evolution of the war). 例文帳に追加

こうした中で蓄積された日本人の不満は、1510年に三浦の乱という形で爆発するが朝鮮王朝に鎮圧される（乱の展開節参照）。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Consequently, the settlement in Sanpo was closed and the trade was largely restricted, which made the So clan have to seek other possibilities such as the dispatch of gishi (envoys under false names who were sent to Korea in order to evade trading restrictions imposed by Korea) and the concentration of trading rights in Tsushima in order to survive (see the section of the Aftermath of the war). 例文帳に追加

その結果三浦居留地は廃止され、通交も大幅な制限を受けることになり、宗氏は偽使の派遣や通交権の対馬集中といった活路を模索することになる（乱の顛末節参照）。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

However, they attempted to bring the wako pirates under their control and also secured the cooperation from the forces in the western part of Japan in exchange for amicable relations; additionally, they even converted the wako pirates themselves into peace coordinators. 例文帳に追加

しかし倭寇沈静化を図り、通交権をもって西日本諸勢力から倭寇禁圧の協力を取りつけ、また倭寇自体を平和的通交者へと懐柔していった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Therefore, the So clan established their dominance over the territory by obtaining the revenue arose from the trade with Korea in order to have a command of influential families and place local samurai under the clan's order (this is called the Territory of the So clan). 例文帳に追加

そのため、宗氏は通交権益の知行化を通じて有力庶家の掌握や地侍の被官化を行い、領国支配を推し進めていた（宗氏領国）。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

In response, the So clan proposed not to count tokusosen (ships used to send envoys for urgent matters) among saikansen, and requested that another policy should be applied to saikensen registered under the names of their branch families, separately from the treaty for the toshu saikensen (ships of the So head house used to dispatch envoys to Korea). 例文帳に追加

それに対し宗氏は特送船（緊急の用事で送る使送船）を歳遣船の定数外とし、島主歳遣船（宗氏本宗家名義の歳遣船）とは別に有力庶家名義の歳遣船を定約を要求する。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

However, after the residents who were not under the control of the So clan were cleaned up from Sanpo by the repatriation of 1436, the Sanpo Daikan (local governor in Sanpo) dispatched by the So clan began to govern this area. 例文帳に追加

しかし1436年の送還により宗氏の支配下にない者達が一掃され、以降三浦は宗氏の派遣する三浦代官の支配するところとなる。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

These facts prove that the Korean Dynasty was not able to use their authority of tax collection and kokyowa were under the control of the Soda clan instead of the So clan in around 1429. 例文帳に追加

これらは、朝鮮王朝が徴税権を行使出来なかったこと、1429年の時点で恒居倭は宗氏ではなく早田氏が掌握していたことを示している。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Most of the students in those days were resident students in Daigakuryo; a representative example is Monjoin, which was established by SUGAWARA no Kiyokimi (the grandfather of SUGAWARA no Michizane) and under the supervision of the Sugawara and Oe clans. 例文帳に追加

当時の学生は、大半は大学寮内に寄宿していており、代表的なものとして菅原清公（菅原道真祖父）が設立して菅原氏・大江氏の管理下にあったとされる文章院がある。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Schools for samurai status were broadly divided into the schools under the direct control of the Edo bakufu and those run by each han (domain); both were educational institutions representing the period in their scale and content. 例文帳に追加

武士身分を対象とした学校は、江戸幕府直轄の学校と、藩が運営した藩校に大別され、その規模、内容共にこの時代を代表する教育機関であった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

In 1793, when Jussai HAYASHI inherited the Hayashi family and became Daigaku no kami, 'Yushima Seido,' which had been a government-backed school operated by the Hayashis, officially became Gakumonjo (a school) under the direct control of the bakufu. 例文帳に追加

1793年に林述斎（じゅっさい）が林家をついで大学頭となると、それまで林家の家塾だった「湯島聖堂」が、正式に幕府直轄の学問所となった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

A view of ikki in that period asserts that ikki was a do-or-die rebellion among the commoners, or the weak, against suppression by samurai warriors (the strong), and the ikki had strong solidarity under the consciousness of equality. 例文帳に追加

その時代には、「一揆は強者たる武士からの抑圧に対する、弱者たる民衆の決死の反抗であり、平等意識のもとで強固な団結力を持っていた」とみなす一揆観があった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

The form of struggle represented by hyakusho ikki can be classified into daihyo osso (illegal direct petition made by a representative of the village), so hyakusho ikki (political appeal made by all the peasants in a village under the control of officials), murakata sodo (infighting that develops into accusation), kokuso (or kuniso; a legal petition made by peasants tied up across the border of the province), etc. 例文帳に追加

百姓一揆の闘争形態の分類として、代表越訴、惣百姓一揆、村方騒動、国訴などがあげられる。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Among these, Saikaido contained Dazai-fu (the local government office in Kyushu region) which was located in Chikuzen Province and, in addition to protecting national borders and conducting external affairs, served to govern all islands under its jurisdiction according to the koku-gun-ri system (province-district-village system). 例文帳に追加

このうち西海道には大宰府（だざいふ）が筑前の国に置かれ、国境の防衛や外交事務に当たるとともに、管内諸国島を国、郡、里の三段階で統轄した。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

As Minoru SAITO and Minister of Education Hatoyama talked at that time, the reason why the government used force was to place Kyoto University, which was thought to be the 'stronghold of university freedom,' under the power of the government. 例文帳に追加

斎藤実や鳩山文相が当時語っていたように、政府当局が処分を強行した意図は、「大学自治の総本山」と見られていた京大を強力な国家権力のもとに屈服させるという点にあったと考えられている。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

The taxation system under the ritsuryo system, which was started during the late 7th century to the early 8th century, was called "the soyocho (tax paid by rice, labor, or textile) system", and it was imposed on and collected from each member of the community. 例文帳に追加

7世紀末～8世紀初頭に始まった律令制における租税は、租庸調制と呼ばれ、人民一人ひとりを対象に課税・徴税する性格が強かった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Under such circumstances, controlling each member of the community by imposing and collecting taxes was no longer possible, and the government and the ruling class were becoming aware of the necessity for a new control system. 例文帳に追加

そうなると、人民一人ひとりを収取（課税・徴税）単位としていた人別支配はもはや不可能となり、政府や支配層にとって別の支配体制を構築する必要が生じていた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Seo-saeng BAK who came to Japan in 1429 made Kinshin (金慎), a student under him, investigate 'how to make a water wheel' closely and made him make a model water wheel, saying that 'Japanese farmers use water wheels,' and also reported a silver-gilding method, how to manufacture paper, how to generate vermillion and how to manufacture medicine called keifun. 例文帳に追加

1429年、日本に来た朴端生は、「日本の農人、水車の設けあり」として、学生の金慎に「造車の法」を精査させて模型を作り、鍍銀（銀メッキ）、造紙（紙漉）、朱紅、軽粉などの製造法を祖国に報告している。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

In the "Buke myomoku-sho" (Compilation of Historical Data of the Warrior Class), it is written (under the entries for the titles of offices of the first volume): "Monchujo is a government body different from Mandokoro (Administrative Board) but makes political decisions together and functions as a court of justice." 例文帳に追加

なお、『武家名目抄』には「問注所は政所の別庁にて、ともに政事を沙汰する中にも、訴訟の裁判を本務とする所なり」（職名部（ハ）上）と記されている。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Daijokanpu (also known as Dajokanpu) were official documents issued by Daijokan (Grand Council of State) to lower agencies and Kokuga (local offices of the state) under the Ritsuyo system (ancient government system). 例文帳に追加

太政官符（だいじょうかんぷだじょうかんぷ）は、日本の律令制のもとで太政官が管轄下の諸官庁・諸国衙へ発令した正式な公文書。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Under the Ritsuryo system, in principal, the drafts of government official documents were approved by the emperor or Daijokan Conference (also referred as Giseikan [top bureaucrats] or Kugyo [court nobles] Conference), then the document was produced by Benkankyoku (the agency that directly belonged to Daijokan) and were delivered to central agencies and local government offices. 例文帳に追加

太政官符は、天皇の裁可もしくは国政の枢要を担う太政官会議（議政官会議、公卿会議とも）での決定を受けて、弁官局で文書が作成され諸司諸国へ発給されるのが律令上の原則だった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Even when the Ritsuryo system (a system of centralized government based on the ritsuryo codes) was established in the late seventh century and rice fields were integrated into Kubunden (rice fields allotted to people by the central government) under the Handen Shuju no ho Law (the law of rice field allotment system), Shinden and Jiden (rice fields owned by temples) were exempted from the law. 例文帳に追加

7世紀後半に律令制が整備され、田地が口分田などの班田収授法の体系に組み込まれていっても、神田（および仏教寺院の運営にあてる寺田）のみは、班田の対象外とされた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Facing the highly volatile situation in East Asia in the seventh century, there emerged a need for "Wa" (ancient Japan, "Wa" was called "Japan" after the establishment of the name of the country by the Emperor Tenmu) to establish a centralized state under the Ritsuryo system. 例文帳に追加

このような７世紀の東アジアの激動を背景として，倭（天武天皇による国号制定以後日本）では中央集権的律令国家建設の必要性が生じた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Fukego is sometimes classified as a setsuwa (a collection of anecdotes) because it was written in the earlier period, in the times under cloistered rule, and presented such subjects as yusoku-kojitsu (knowledge of court rules, ceremony, decorum and records of the past) and official court events to setsuwa collections of the later period. 例文帳に追加

院政期という比較的早い時期において成立し、有職故実・公事を中心とする題材を後世の説話集に提供したため、説話に分類されることもある。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

The name 'Hanshi' is also commonly used in the case of domains, such as the Satsuma Domain and Choshu Domain, which had not come under provincial rule the time of the first lord until the Haihan-chiken (abolition of feudal domains and establishment of prefectures) in the Meiji period. 例文帳に追加

もっとも薩摩藩や長州藩のように初代藩主以来、明治時代の廃藩置県まで国替えがなかった藩の場合は「藩士」の呼称でも通用する。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

However, the term is not appropriate for domains, such as the Kuwana Domain, of which the lord family itself came under provincial rule as a result of orders from the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun). 例文帳に追加

しかし、桑名藩のように藩主家自体が江戸幕府の命で国替えしている藩では「藩士」の呼称がかならずしも妥当とは言い難い場合もある。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Originally these meetings were informal in nature, and although decisions were made in accordance with the tosai-gogisei (a system under which the role of members was merely to advise the single individual vested with final decision-making power), the Jin no Sadame gradually became a de facto institution for government policy-making. 例文帳に追加

本来は非公式の会合であり、意思決定も統裁合議制に則って行われていたが、次第に実質上の政策決定期間となった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

* In some domains (such as the Satsuma Domain), the harsh exploitation of farmers throughout the entire Edo period meant that the conditions under which middle-class or wealthy farmers could become established never emerged. 例文帳に追加

（※）一部の藩（薩摩藩など）においては全江戸期を通じて農民に対する厳しい収奪が行われ、中農、富農が成立する条件は成立しなかったとされることもある。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Under those circumstances the peasants strengthened their territorial connections through the distribution of water supplies, the construction and repair of channels and roads, and self-defense from border conflicts, wars and robbers. 例文帳に追加

そうした中で、百姓らは、水利配分や水路・道路の修築、境界紛争・戦乱や盗賊からの自衛などを契機として地縁的な結合を強めていった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

However, the soson's predisposition toward self-government was passed down to early-modern villages mainly in terms of religious service and water supplies, and it is considered that such a characteristic was instrumental in unifying and maintaining the village under the murauke system (village-wide, collective responsibility for tax payment) and Bungo (system of governing the Go). 例文帳に追加

しかし、惣村の持っていた自治的性格は、祭祀面や水利面などを中心に近世村落へも幾分か継承され、村請制度や分郷下における村の統一維持に大きな役割を果たしたと考えられている。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

A major feature was that the laws and customs of the medieval period specified that a lord or a Jito who had the right to rule should have the right of kendan, but the soson under control had such a right. 例文帳に追加

なお、中世の法慣習では、支配権を有する領主や地頭などが検断権を持つこととされていたが、支配される側の惣村が検断権を持っていた点に大きな特徴がある。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Although the nengu (land tax) paid to the lord of the manor or the Jito was conventionally collected by the lord or the Jito, the jigeuke (under which soson undertook the payment of nengu in a lump sum) prevailed after the soson was formed. 例文帳に追加

荘園領主や地頭などへの年貢は、元々、領主・地頭側が徴収することとされていたが、惣村が成立した後は、惣村が一括して年貢納入を請け負う地下請（じげうけ）が広く行われるようになった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Under the social conventions of the time, there was the prevalent idea that land or an article should be returned to the original owner concurrent with a change in the reign of the Emperor or the rule of the shogun; this idea was called tokusei (benevolent rule). 例文帳に追加

当時の社会通念からして、天皇や将軍の代替わりには土地・物品が元の所有者へ返るべきとする思想が広く浸透しており、これを徳政と呼んでいた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス