o.とは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

Adopted from Latin -o-, originating ultimately from Ancient Greek -ο- (-o-). In English, the connective is found from the 中期英語 period in direct borrowings from Latin. Direct formations of English terms with the connective, always combining Greek or Latin roots, appear from the 16th or 17th century. From the 18th century, the suffix becomes productive in compounds where the second element is English. From about 1800, formations on all sorts of stems become common.

接合辞

-o-

1. A linking vowel inserted interconsonantally between two morphemes, to ease pronunciation, without contributing to the meaning. It frequently joins words or combining forms of Ancient Greek or Classical Latin origin in the classical compounds of New Latin and international scientific vocabulary, but it can also be used to join modern terms and even abbreviations, either formally or informally.

   ‎extreme + ‎-o- + ‎-phile → ‎extremophile

   ‎blog + ‎-o- + ‎-sphere → ‎blogosphere

   ‎speed + ‎-o- + ‎meter → ‎speedometer

   ‎sadism + ‎-o- + ‎masochism → ‎sadomasochism

   ‎smell + ‎-o- + ‎vision → ‎smell-o-vision

派生語

参考

• -e-
• -i-
• -u-

語源 2

Designated in the USAN guidelines for non-proprietary names of monoclonal antibodies.

接合辞

-o-

1. (pharmacology) a monoclonal antibody derived from a murine source

関連する語

• -mab is the base suffix common to all monoclonal antibodies. (See that entry for full paradigm.)

参照

• USP Dictionary of USAN and International Drug Names, U.S. Pharmacopeia, 2000

Further reading

• “-o-”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
• “-o-”, in Merriam-Webster.com Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
• “-o-”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.
• “-o-”, in TheFreeDictionary.com, Huntingdon Valley, Pa.: Farlex, Inc., 2003–2026
• “-o-”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
• John A. Simpson and Edmund S. C. Weiner, editors (1989), “-o, suffix.”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN.

接合辞

-o-

1. (post-classical Latin) Suffix forming nominal compounds

   ‎Anglus (“Angle, English”) + ‎-o- + ‎saxonicus (“Saxon”) → ‎anglosaxonicus (“Anglo-Saxon”)

派生語

接頭辞

O'

1. descendant of; used to form Irish patronymic surnames.

   O'Reilly

参考

• Fitz-
• Mac
• Mc-

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈəʊ/
• (米国発音) IPA: /ˈoʊ/
• 異形同音異義語: O, oh; owe (toe–tow merger)
• 韻: -əʊ

文字

o (lower case, upper case O, plural os or o's)

1. The fifteenth letter of the English alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.
2. Alternative form of ο, the fifteenth letter of the Classical and Modern Greek alphabets, called omicron and (astronomy) used as an abbreviation of omicron in star names.

   The system's Bayer designation is o Persei.

参考

• (Latin script letters) letter; Aa, Bb, Cc, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Qq, Rr, Ss, Tt, Uu, Vv, Ww, Xx, Yy, Zz

数

o (lower case, upper case O, plural os or o's)

1. The fifteenth numeral symbol of the English alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.

名詞

o (plural oes)

1. The name of the Latin script letter O/o.
2. A zero (used in reading out numbers).

   It is currently two-o-five in the afternoon (2:05 PM).

   The first permanent English settlement in America was in Jamestown in sixteen-o-seven (1607).

別の表記

• oh

派生語

派生した語

• ⇒ Alabama: òoka

参考

• (Latin-script letter names) letter; a, bee, cee, dee, e, ef, gee, aitch, i, jay, kay, el, em, en, o, pee, cue, ar, ess, tee, u, vee, double-u, ex, wye, zee/zed
• oh

語源 2

不変化詞

o

1. (nonstandard) alternative form of O (vocative particle)
   • 2007, The Bay Psalm Book, Cosimo Classics, published 1640, p.37, 41 & 46:

     I lift my soule to thee o Lord
     mee, o Iehovah, heare
     In thee, o Lord, I put my trust

間投詞

o

1. Alternative form of oh.

名詞

o

1. (IRC, acronym of) Operator
2. (acronym of) Object, see SVO

形容詞

o

1. Clipping of over.

語源 3

See o'.

前置詞

o

1. Alternative form of of.

発音

• IPA: /oː/
• 韻: -oː

名詞

ō m

1. The name of the Latin script letter O/o.
   • c. 998, Ælfric, Excerptiones de arte grammatica Anglice, “De littera”

     ... a, e, i, o, u. ðâs fîf stafas ætêowjað heora naman þurh hî sylfe ...

     ... a, e, i, o, u. These five letters show their names by themselves ...

語源 2

発音

• IPA: /oː/
• 韻: -oː

副詞

ō

1. alternative form of ā

別の表記

• ho, oo
• a (Early Middle English or Northern)

発音

• IPA: /ɔː/
• IPA: /ɑː/ (Early Middle English)
• IPA: /aː/ (Northern)

数詞

o

1. preconsonantal form of on
   • c. 1384, John Wycliffe, Wycliffe's Bible (translation from the Vulgate), Genesis 11:1:

     Forſoþe þe erþe was of oo lip, and of þe ſame wordis.

     Truly the earth was of one tongue, and of the same words.

派生した語

• Scots: ae
• Yola: o, o'

代名詞

o

1. preconsonantal form of on

派生した語

• Scots: ae

参照

• “ō̆, num.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

語源 2

From Old French oh, from Latin ō.

別の表記

• oo, oa

発音

• IPA: /ɔː/

間投詞

o

1. oh, ah

派生した語

• English: oh
• Yola: o

参照

• “ō, interj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

語源 3

From of, with apocope of the final f.

別の表記

• a

発音

• IPA: /ɔ/, /a/

前置詞

o

1. of

派生した語

• English: o', o, a
• Scots: o', o
• Yola: o', o, a

参照

• “o, prep.(1)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

語源 4

冠詞

o

1. (rare) alternative form of an (preconsonantal)

参考

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

文字

o (lower case, upper case O)

1. A letter of the Latin alphabet, written in the Latin script.

語源 2

From the letter’s own long vowel sound. Compare οὖ (oû). An Etruscan etymon is not reconstructible, since Etruscan letter-names are unknown.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈɔː]

名詞

ō n or f (indeclinable)

1. The name of the Latin script letter O/o.

等位語

• (Latin-script letter names) littera; ā, bē, cē, dē, ē, ef, gē, hā / *acca, ī, kā, el, em, en, ō, pē, kū, er, es, tē, ū, ix / īx / ex, ȳ / ī graeca / ȳpsīlon, zēta

語源 3

Expressive. Particle sense 1 is semantic loan from Ancient Greek ὦ (ô). Older Latin uses prō or bare vocative forms exclusively.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈoː], [ˈɔ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈɔː]

間投詞

ō̆

1. Oh! (expression of surprise, pain or joy)

   Alternative form: ō̆h

   • 161 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Eunuchus 297:

     o faciem pulchram! deleo omnis dehinc ex animo mulieres.

     Oh, what beautiful looks! From now on, I banish all other women from my mind

不変化詞

ō̆

1. O! (vocative particle)

   Alternative form: (New Latin) ô

   • 63 BCE, Cicero, In Catilinam orationes 1.2:

     O tempora, o mores! Senatus haec intellegit, consul videt; hic tamen vivit. Vivit?

     Shame on the age and on its principles! (literally, “O times! O mores!”) The senate is aware of these things; the consul sees them; and yet this man lives. Lives!

   • c. 347 CE – 420 CE, Hieronymus, Vulgate Judges.3.19:

     et reversus de Galgalis ubi erant idola dixit ad regem verbum secretum habeo ad te o rex et ille imperavit silentium egressisque omnibus qui circa eum erant

     then returning from Galgal, where the idols were, he said to the king: I have a secret message to thee, O king. And he commanded silence: and all being gone out that were about him

参照

• o in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• o in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "o", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “o”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • monstrous: o facinus indignum! (Ter. Andr. 1. 1. 118)
    
  • to take the military oath: sacramentum (o) dicere (vid. sect. XI. 2, note sacramentum...)
    
• o in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), part III: “Summary of the Ancient Evidence”, page 32: "Clearly there is no question or doubt about the names of the vowels A, E, I, O, U. They are simply long A, long E, etc. (ā, ē, ī, ō, ū). Nor is there any uncertainty with respect to the six mutes B, C, D, G, P, T. Their names are bē, cē, dē, gē, pē, tē (each with a long E). Or about H, K, and Q: they are hā, kā, kū—each, again, with a long vowel sound."

接頭辞

o-

1. (organic chemistry) ortho-

参考

• m-
• p-