ad・amの英語

語源

From 中期英語 Adam, from 古期英語 Adam, from Latin Adam, Adamus, from Ancient Greek Ἀδάμ (Adám), Ἄδαμος (Ádamos), from Biblical Hebrew אָדָם (adam, “earth, man, soil, light brown”), from אדמה (adamah, “red earth, ground”).

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈæd.əm/
• (General American, Canada, General Australian) IPA: /ˈæd.əm/, [ˈæɾm̩], [ˈæɾəm]
• (New Zealand) IPA: /ˈɛd.əm/
• 韻: -ædəm
• Homophone: atom (t-flapping)
• ハイフネーション: A‧dam

固有名詞

Adam (plural Adams)

1. (Abrahamism, religion) The first man and the progenitor of the human race.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 3:20:

     And Adam called his wiues name Eue, because she was the mother of all liuing.

   • 1667, John Milton, “Book VII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC, lines 40–43:

     Say Goddeſs, what enſu'd when Raphael, / The affable Arch-angel, had forewarn'd / Adam by dire example to beware / Apoſtaſie,

2. A male given name from Hebrew.
   • 1859, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], “The Workshop”, in Adam Bede […], volume I, Edinburgh; London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC, book first, page 3:

     In his tall stalwartness Adam Bede was a Saxon, and justified his name; but the jet-black hair, made the more noticeable by its contrast with the light paper cap, and the keen glance of the dark eyes that shone from under strongly marked, proninent, and mobile eyebrows, indicated a mixture of Celtic blood.

   • 1904, Mark Twain, Extracts from Adam's Diary:

     Since then I have deciphered some more of Adam’s hieroglyphics, and think he has now become sufficiently important as a public character to justify this publication.

   • 1933, Eleanor Farjeon, “Boys' Names”, in Over the Garden Wall, Faber and Faber, page 90:

     What splendid names for boys there are! / There's Carol like a rolling car, / And Martin like a flying bird, / And Adam like the Lord's First Word,

   • 2023 June 21, Haley Talbot and Kristin Wilson, “House votes to censure Democratic congressman who led Trump investigations”, in CNN‎:

     The US House of Representatives on Wednesday voted to censure Rep. Adam Schiff, a key lawmaker in Democrats’ congressional investigations into former President Donald Trump during his presidency.

3. (figuratively) Original sin or human frailty.
4. (Christianity, usually with modifiers such as second or last) Jesus Christ, whose sacrifice, in Christian theology, makes possible the forgiveness of Adam's original sin.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Corinthians 15:45:

     And so it is written: The first man Adam was made a liuing soule, the last Adam was made a quickening spirit.

   • 1739, Charles Wesley, Hark! the Herald Angels Sing:

     Second Adam from above,
     Reinstate us in thy love.

   • 2020, Matt Boswell, Keith Getty, Matt Papa, “Christ the True and Better”, in Almost Home: The Hymns of Matt Boswell and Matt Papa, Vol. 2, performed by Matt Boswell and Matt Papa:

     Christ, the true and better Adam, Son of God and Son of man; Who, when tempted in the garden never yielded, never sinned.

5. Designating a neoclassical style of furniture and architecture in the style of Robert and James Adam.
   • 1936, HP Lovecraft, The Haunter of the Dark:

     Inside were six-panelled doors, wide floor-boards, a curving colonial staircase, white Adam-period mantels, and a rear set of rooms three steps below the general level.

   • 2001, Norman K. Risjord, Representative Americans: The Revolutionary Generation, page 164:

     McIntyre's best pieces, such as the fireplace in the Otis house, managed to convey both an opulent warmth and a restrained elegance, and compares favorably with the artistic saturnalia of an Adam fireplace.

6. (Islam) First human and first prophet of Islam.
7. An English surname originating as a patronymic.
8. A Scottish surname originating as a patronymic.
9. A French surname originating as a patronymic.
10. A German surname originating as a patronymic.
11. (slang) The drug ecstasy.
    • 1990, Jerome Beck, The MDMA Controversy: Contexts of Use and Social Control, page 131:

      I prefer to call it "Adam." "Ecstasy" is a beautiful word, but I think Ecstasy is a word more often used by people taking it for thrills.

    • 2008, Jennifer Wider, The Doctor's Complete College Girls' Health Guide, page 94:

      I heard people say they were taking "Adam." Is that the same drug or something different? Ecstasy goes by many different names […]

別の表記

• (English surname): Adams
• (Scottish surname): Adams, McAdam, McAdams, McCaw, MacAdam, MacAdams, MacCaw

等位語

派生語

関連する語

派生した語

• Tok Pisin: Adam

参考

• Eve
• Wikipedia article on Adam and Eve
• Wikipedia article on original sin
• Edom
• Esau

参照

• (ecstasy): Tony Thorne (2014), “Adam”, in Dictionary of Contemporary Slang, 4th edition, London;  […]: Bloomsbury

アナグラム

• A.A.M.D., dama

発音

• IPA: /ˈɑ.dɑm/

固有名詞

Adam m

1. Adam (Biblical character)
   • c. 994, Ælfric, On the Year

     On ðām syxtan dæġe hē ġesċōp eall dēorcynn, ⁊ ealle nȳtena þe on fēower fōtum gāð, ⁊ þā tweġen menn Adam ⁊ Ēfan

     On the sixth day, he created all kinds of animal, and all the beasts that move on four feet, and the two people, Adam and Eve.

語形変化

Strong a-stem:

派生した語

• Middle English: Adam
  • English: Adam, Adams, Adams, McAdam, McAdams, McCaw, MacAdam, MacAdams, MacCaw
    • Tok Pisin: Adam
  • Scots: Adam

発音

• IPA: /aˈdaːm/, /ˈadam/

固有名詞

Adam

1. Adam (Biblical progenitor of humankind).
2. a male given name from Hebrew; Adam
3. (with newe or last) Jesus Christ.

派生した語

• English: Adam, Adams, Adams, McAdam, McAdams, McCaw, MacAdam, MacAdams, MacCaw
  • Tok Pisin: Adam
• Scots: Adam

参照

• “Adā̆m, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 15 July 2019.

語源

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀδάμ (Adám), borrowed from Hebrew אָדָם, from Proto-Semitic *ʔadam-.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈaː.dãː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈaː.dam]

固有名詞

Ādām m (genitive Ādām or Ādae); indeclinable, variously declined, first declension

1. (biblical) Adam
   • 1078, Anselm of Canterbury, Proslogion seu Alloquium de Dei existentia:

     Heu! Publicus luctus hominum, universalis planctus filiorum Adae!

     Alas for the common woe of man, the universal sorrow of the children of Adam!

2. a male given name, equivalent to English Adam

語形変化

Indeclinable noun or first-declension noun (nominative/vocative singular in -ām).

派生した語

参照

• “Adam”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “Adam”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.