justifyとは意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English justifien, from Old French justifier, from Late Latin justificare (“make just”), from Latin justus, iustus (“just”) + ficare (“make”), from facere, equivalent to just +‎ -ify.

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈd͡ʒʌstɪfaɪ/
• ハイフネーション: jus‧ti‧fy

動詞

justify (三人称単数 現在形 justifies, 現在分詞 justifying, 過去形および過去分詞形 justified)

1. (transitive) To provide an acceptable explanation for.

   How can you justify spending so much money on clothes?

   Paying too much for car insurance is not justified.

   • 1667, John Milton, “Book I”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], OCLC 228722708; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, OCLC 230729554:

     What in me is dark
     Illumine, what is low raise and support;
     That to the highth of this great Argument
     I may assert th’ Eternal Providence,
     And justifie the wayes of God to men.

2. (transitive) To be a good, acceptable reason for; warrant.

   Nothing can justify your rude behaviour last night.

   • 1861, Edward Everett, The Great Issues Now Before the Country, An oration delivered at the New York Academy of Music, July 4, 1861‎^[1], New York: James G. Gregory, page 8:

     Unless the oppression is so extreme as to justify revolution, it would not justify the evil of breaking up a government, under an abstract constitutional right to do so.

3. (transitive) To arrange (text) on a page or a computer screen such that the left and right ends of all lines within paragraphs are aligned.

   The text will look better justified.

4. (transitive) To absolve, and declare to be free of blame or sin.
   • 1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies. […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene iii]:

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Acts 13:39:

     And by him all that believe are justified from all things, from which ye could not be justified by the law of Moses.

5. (reflexive) To give reasons for one’s actions; to make an argument to prove that one is in the right.

   She felt no need to justify herself for deciding not to invite him.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Luke 16:15:

     And he said unto them, Ye are they which justify yourselves before men; but God knoweth your hearts: for that which is highly esteemed among men is abomination in the sight of God.

   • 1848, Anne Brontë, “Chapter 13”, in The Tenant of Wildfell Hall‎^[2]:

     […] I was equally unable to justify myself and unwilling to acknowledge my errors […]

6. To prove; to ratify; to confirm.
   • c. 1607–1608, William Shakeſpeare, The Late, And much admired Play, Called Pericles, Prince of Tyre. […], London: Imprinted at London for Henry Goſſon,  […], published 1609, OCLC 78596089, [Act V, scene 1]:

     She is not dead at Tarsus, as she should have been,
     By savage Cleon: she shall tell thee all;
     When thou shalt kneel, and justify in knowledge
     She is thy very princess.

   • c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The VVinters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act I, scene ii]:

     […] say
     My wife’s a hobby-horse, deserves a name
     As rank as any flax-wench that puts to
     Before her troth-plight: say’t and justify’t.

7. (law) To show (a person) to have had a sufficient legal reason for an act that has been made the subject of a charge or accusation.
8. (law) To qualify (oneself) as a surety by taking oath to the ownership of sufficient property.
   • 1839, John Bouvier, A Law Dictionary Adapted to the Constitution and Laws of the United States of America and of the Several States of the American Union‎^[3], volume I, Philadelphia: T. & J.W. Johnson, page 557:

     JUSTIFYING BAIL, practice, is the production of bail in court, who there justify themselves against the exception of the plaintiff.

関連する語

• -fy
• just
• justification
• justifiable
• justifiably
• unjustified