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Wiktionary英語版での「recipio」の意味 |
recipio
語源
From re- + capiō (“take, seize”), with characteristic vowel reduction of unstressed /a/ in Old Latin (< *récapiō).
発音
動詞
recipiō (present infinitive recipere, perfect active recēpī, supine receptum); third conjugation iō-variant
- (transitive) I take back, (i.e., regain possession of something).
- (transitive, of a city) I recapture.
- 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 26.1:
- Ea tum cura maxime intentos habebat Romanos, non ab ira tantum, quae in nullam unquam ciuitatem iustior fuit, quam quod urbs tam nobilis ac potens, sicut defectione sua traxerat aliquot populos, ita recepta inclinatura rursus animos uidebatur ad ueteris imperii respectum.
- This concern in particular troubled the mindful Romans at the time, not so much because of anger, which has never been more justified against any other city, rather because a city so noble and powerful, in the same way that it had attracted the support of a number of communities by its revolt, was thought would again turn attention back towards respect for the previous government once recaptured.
- Ea tum cura maxime intentos habebat Romanos, non ab ira tantum, quae in nullam unquam ciuitatem iustior fuit, quam quod urbs tam nobilis ac potens, sicut defectione sua traxerat aliquot populos, ita recepta inclinatura rursus animos uidebatur ad ueteris imperii respectum.
- (transitive) I receive, accept, admit
- accipere beneficium ab aliquo ― to receive favor from someone
- (transitive) I take upon myself, undertake, accept (esp. when done as a duty または under an obligation. Cf. suscipiō)
- (transitive) I retreat, withdraw.
- Eorum impetum Galli sustinere non potuerunt atque in fugam coniecti multis amissis se ad agmen receperunt ― The Gauls could not sustain their attack but were put to flight, and having lost a great number of men, retreated to their main body (Caesar, de Bello Gallico, VII, 13)
- Gladiis destrictis portas occupaverunt suosque omnes incolumes receperunt ― having drawn the swords, they occupied the gates and withdrew all their men safe (Caesar, de Bello Gallico, VII, 12)
- (transitive) I endure, tolerate, allow
- (transitive) I rescue, secure, save
Conjugation
Conjugation of recipiō (third conjugation iō-variant) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | recipiō | recipis | recipit | recipimus | recipitis | recipiunt |
imperfect | recipiēbam | recipiēbās | recipiēbat | recipiēbāmus | recipiēbātis | recipiēbant | |
future | recipiam | recipiēs | recipiet | recipiēmus | recipiētis | recipient | |
perfect | recēpī | recēpistī | recēpit | recēpimus | recēpistis | recēpērunt, recēpēre | |
pluperfect | recēperam | recēperās | recēperat | recēperāmus | recēperātis | recēperant | |
future perfect | recēperō | recēperis | recēperit | recēperimus | recēperitis | recēperint | |
sigmatic future1 | recepsō | recepsis | recepsit | recepsimus | recepsitis | recepsint | |
passive | present | recipior | reciperis, recipere |
recipitur | recipimur | recipiminī | recipiuntur |
imperfect | recipiēbar | recipiēbāris, recipiēbāre |
recipiēbātur | recipiēbāmur | recipiēbāminī | recipiēbantur | |
future | recipiar | recipiēris, recipiēre |
recipiētur | recipiēmur | recipiēminī | recipientur | |
perfect | receptus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
pluperfect | receptus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
future perfect | receptus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | recipiam | recipiās | recipiat | recipiāmus | recipiātis | recipiant |
imperfect | reciperem | reciperēs | reciperet | reciperēmus | reciperētis | reciperent | |
perfect | recēperim | recēperīs | recēperit | recēperīmus | recēperītis | recēperint | |
pluperfect | recēpissem | recēpissēs | recēpisset | recēpissēmus | recēpissētis | recēpissent | |
sigmatic aorist1 | recepsim | recepsīs | recepsīt | recepsīmus | recepsītis | recepsint | |
passive | present | recipiar | recipiāris, recipiāre |
recipiātur | recipiāmur | recipiāminī | recipiantur |
imperfect | reciperer | reciperēris, reciperēre |
reciperētur | reciperēmur | reciperēminī | reciperentur | |
perfect | receptus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
pluperfect | receptus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
imperative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | — | recipe | — | — | recipite | — |
future | — | recipitō | recipitō | — | recipitōte | recipiuntō | |
passive | present | — | recipere | — | — | recipiminī | — |
future | — | recipitor | recipitor | — | — | recipiuntor | |
non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
infinitives | recipere | recēpisse | receptūrum esse | recipī | receptum esse | receptum īrī | |
participles | recipiēns | — | receptūrus | — | receptus | recipiendus, recipiundus | |
verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
recipiendī | recipiendō | recipiendum | recipiendō | receptum | receptū |
1At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to").
同意語
- (regain): reciperō, revocō
- (accept): accipiō, ascīscō, sūmō, concipiō
- (tolerate): tolerō, sustineō, patiō, perferō, accipiō, sufferō, subeō, sustentō, sinō, dūrō, perpetior, ferō
- (retire): facessō, dēcēdō, discēdō, deficiō, cēdō, concēdō, excēdō, regredior, subtrahō, subdūcō, inclīnō, recēdō, āmoveō, vertō, referō
反意語
関連する語
- receptāculum
- receptātiō
- receptōrius
派生した語
- Italo-Romance:
- Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: recire
- North Italian:
- Gallo-Romance:
- Franco-Provençal: recêvre, recevêr
- Old French: recevoir, receivre; reçoivre (see there for further descendants)
- Occitano-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance:
- Asturian: recibir
- Old Galician-Portuguese: receber
- Galician: receber (non-standard)
- Portuguese: receber
- Spanish: recibir, recebir
- → Galician: recibir
- Borrowings:
参照
Further reading
- “recipio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “recipio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- recipio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to gain some one's friendship; to become intimate with: in amicitiam alicuius recipi
- to take courage again: animum recipere (Liv. 2. 50)
- to take a person under one's protection: in fidem recipere aliquem (B. G. 2. 15. 1)
- to recover one's reason, be reasonable again: ad bonam frugem se recipere
- to welcome to one's house (opp. to shut one's door against some one): tecto, (in) domum suam aliquem recipere (opp. prohibere aliquem tecto, domo)
- to enroll as a citizen, burgess: in civitatem recipere, ascribere, asciscere aliquem
- to retake a town: oppidum recipere
- to deal mercifully with some one: in fidem recipere aliquem (Fam. 13. 16)
- to withdraw one's forces: se recipere (B. G. 7. 20)
- to save oneself by flight: se fuga recipere (B. G. 1. 11)
- (ambiguous) it is traditional usage: more, usu receptum est
- (ambiguous) the cavalry covers the retreat: equitatus tutum receptum dat
- to gain some one's friendship; to become intimate with: in amicitiam alicuius recipi
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