axとは 意味・読み方・使い方

名詞

ax (複数形 axes)

1. (米国用法 spelling) Alternative form of axe

動詞

ax (三人称単数 現在形 axes, 現在分詞 axing, 過去形および過去分詞形 axed)

1. (米国用法 spelling) Alternative form of axe

語源 2

From Middle English axen, aksen, axien, from 古期英語 ācsian and āxian, showing metathesis from āscian. Ax/aks was common in literary works until about 1600.

動詞

ax (三人称単数 現在形 axes, 現在分詞 axing, 過去形および過去分詞形 axed)

1. (now nonstandard or dialectical, especially African-American Vernacular, MLE and Bermuda) Alternative form of ask
   • 1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Acts ]:

     When they were come togedder, they axed off hym, sayinge: Master wilt thou at this tyme restore agayne the kyngdom of israhel?

   • 1836, Joanna Baillie, The Alienated Manor, Act 4:

     Dolly: And if so be, why did you ax me to keep you company? Housekeeper wants me below to pick raisins.

   • 1879, William Barnes, “The Welshnut Tree”, in Complete Poems, volume 1, page 106:

     Ar try who'l ax em the hardest riddle,
     Ar soonest vind out oone put us, true...

   • 1887, Gilbert and Sullivan, Ruddigore, Act 1:

     Richard Dauntless: "But, axin' your pardon, miss, might I be permitted to salute the flag I'm a-goin' to sail under?"

   • 1979, Verna Mae Slone, What My Heart Wants to Tell, page 18:

     ‘I axed him if he knowed the way and he said he had not fergitten the lay of the land.’

   • 2006 Sept. 17, David Mills, "Soft Eyes", The Wire, 00:19:01:

     Wise: Your boy left here a while ago
     Johnson: I ain' lookin' for him. He at his granmother's. I wanted to ax you somethin'.

   • 2013 September 5, James Burton, “Archived copy”, in The Bermuda Sun‎^[1], archived from the original on 12 December 2022:

     He's cool. Does triathlons dahn de Sahn. Don't drink. Ax me if I want a lift to de beach — he hurd it's a dahnce goin on dahn thurr.

使用する際の注意点

This and related forms of ask have been used since Old English and were long employed in literature and prestige dialects. Chaucer used ask, ax, and axe interchangeably. They remain in use in some rural areas of Britain and Appalachia but are now regarded as nonstandard and are primarily associated with AAVE dialects in the US and MLE or West Country dialects in the UK, as well as being in some Irish English dialects, and in sometimes in New Zealand, especially among Maori English speakers.

参照

• McWhorter, John. "The 'Ax' versus 'Ask' Question", LA Times, 19 Jan. 2014.

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /aːks/, [äːks̠]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /aks/, [äks]

接尾辞

-āx (genitive -ācis); third-declension one-termination suffix

1. used to form adjectives expressing a tendency or inclination to the action of the root verb; -ish, -y

   audeō (“I dare”) > audāx (“bold”)

   edō (“I eat”) > edāx (“gluttonous, voracious”)

   loquor (“I talk”) > loquāx (“talkative”)

   pugnō (“I fight”) > pugnāx (“combative, fond of fighting”)

語形変化

Third-declension one-termination adjective.

派生語