hedgeとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received 発音, General American) enPR: hĕj, IPA^(key): /hɛd͡ʒ/
• 韻: -ɛdʒ

語源 1

From Middle English hegge, from 古期英語 heċġ, from Proto-West Germanic *haggju, from Proto-Germanic *hagjō, from Proto-Indo-European *kagʰyóm (“enclosure”).

Cognate with Dutch heg, German Hecke. Doublet of quay. More at haw.

名詞

hedge (複数形 hedges)

1. A thicket of bushes or other shrubbery, especially one planted as a fence between two portions of land, or to separate the parts of a garden.

   He trims the hedge once a week.

   • 1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter 1, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:

     But then I had the [massive] flintlock by me for protection. ¶ […] The linen-press and a chest on the top of it formed, however, a very good gun-carriage; and, thus mounted, aim could be taken out of the window […], and a 'bead' could be drawn upon Molly, the dairymaid, kissing the fogger behind the hedge, little dreaming that the deadly tube was levelled at them.

2. A barrier (often consisting of a line of persons または objects) to protect someone or something from harm.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Job 1:9–10:

     Then Satan answered the Lord, and said, Doth Job fear God for nought? Hast not thou made an hedge about him, and about his house, and about all that he hath on every side? thou hast blessed the work of his hands, and his substance is increased in the land.

3. (UK, West Country, chiefly Devon and Cornwall) A mound of earth, stone- or turf-faced, often topped with bushes, used as a fence between any two portions of land.
5. (pragmatics) A non-committal or intentionally ambiguous statement.

   Coordinate term: weasel word

   • 2018, James Lambert, “Setting the Record Straight: An In-depth Examination of Hobson-Jobson”, in International Journal of Lexicography, volume 31, number 4, →DOI, page 487:

     When not inaccurate, much commentary on the contents of Hobson-Jobson is couched in hedges or relies on speculative estimates in the absence of exact information.

6. (finance) Contract or arrangement reducing one's exposure to risk (for example the risk of price movements または interest rate movements).

   The asset class acts as a hedge.

   A hedge is an investment position intended to offset potential losses/gains that may be incurred by a companion investment. In simple language, a hedge is used to reduce any substantial losses/gains suffered by an individual or an organization.

7. (UK, Ireland, noun adjunct) Used attributively, with figurative indication of a person's upbringing, or professional activities, taking place by the side of the road; third-rate.
   • 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 2, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:

     Attalus […] made him so dead-drunke that insensibly and without feeling he might prostitute his beauty as the body of a common hedge-harlot, to Mulettiers, Groomes and many of the abject servants of his house.

   • 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC:

     , Folio Society 1973, p.639:

     He then traced them from place to place, till at last he found two of them drinking together, with a third person, at a hedge-tavern near Aldersgate.

   • 1899, Henry Rider Haggard, A Farmer's Year: Being His Commonplace Book for 1898, page 222:

     This particular wheelwright is only a hedge carpenter, without even a shop of his own, […].

派生語

語源 2

From Middle English heggen, from the noun (see above).

動詞

hedge (三人称単数 現在形 hedges, 現在分詞 hedging, 過去形および過去分詞形 hedged)

1. (transitive) To enclose with a hedge or hedges.

   to hedge a field or garden

2. (transitive) To obstruct or surround.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Hosea 2:6:

     Therefore, behold, I will hedge up thy way with thorns, and make a wall, that she shall not find her paths.

   • 1670, John Milton, “(please specify the page)”, in The History of Britain, that Part Especially now Call’d England. […], London: […] J[ohn] M[acock] for James Allestry, […] , →OCLC:

     Lollius Urbius […] drew another wall […] to hedge out incursions from the north.

3. (transitive, finance) To offset the risk associated with.
4. (transitive, intransitive) To avoid verbal commitment.

   He carefully hedged his statements with weasel words.

5. (intransitive) To construct or repair a hedge.
6. (intransitive, finance) To reduce one's exposure to risk.

派生語

Further reading

• hedge on Wikipedia.
• Hedge on investopedia.com

アナグラム

• Ghede, Hegde