pro-verbとは 意味・読み方・使い方

名詞

pro-verb (複数形 pro-verbs)

1. (linguistics, grammar) A pro-form used to substitute for a verb or verb phrase.
   • 1875, Simon Kerl, A Common School Grammar of the English Language‎^[1], page 150:

     “They herd cattle, and raise corn, just as we used to do”; i.e., to herd cattle and raise corn. Do is sometimes thus used as a sort of pro-verb to represent an active verb or a phrase.

   • 2000, Laurel Brinton, The Structure of Modern English: A Linguistic Introduction, page 206:

     The pro-verb do is like a pronoun; just as a pronoun replaces the entire NP, the pro-verb replaces an entire VP.

使用する際の注意点

In some languages an auxiliary verb may function as a pro-verb, coreferential with a verb or verb phrase. The most common pro-verb in English is do.

参照

発音

• (英国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈpɹɒvɜːb/
• (米国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈpɹɑvɝb/
• 韻: -ɜː(ɹ)b

名詞

proverb (複数形 proverbs)

1. A commonly used sentence expressing popular wisdom.
2. (obsolete) A striking or paradoxical assertion; an obscure saying; an enigma; a parable.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, John 16:29:

     His disciples said unto him, Lo, now speakest thou plainly, and speakest no proverb.

3. (obsolete) A familiar illustration; a subject of contemptuous reference.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Deuteronomy 28:37:

     Thou shalt become an astonishment, a proverb, and a by word, among all nations.

4. (obsolete) A drama exemplifying a proverb.

同意語

• (commonly used sentence expressing popular wisdom): adage, apothegm, byword, maxim, paroemia, saw, saying, sententia
• See also Thesaurus:saying

派生語

動詞

proverb (三人称単数 現在形 proverbs, 現在分詞 proverbing, 過去形および過去分詞形 proverbed)

1. To write or utter proverbs.
2. To name in, or as, a proverb.
   • 1671, John Milton, Samson Agonistes, lines 203–205:

     Am I not sung and proverbed for a fool / In every street, do they not say, "How well / Are come upon him his deserts?"

3. To provide with a proverb.
   • c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iv]:

     I am proverbed with a grandsire phrase.

参考

• Category:English proverbs

参照

• proverb on Wikipedia.
• “proverb”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.