誰かが、例えば、羊とか馬を市場に出ているもので等しい価値があると考えるものと交換することが出来たのである。の英語

Somebody could exchange a sheep or a horse, for example, for anything in the marketplace that they considered to be of equal value.

A buyers' market is a market in which goods are plentiful, buyers have a wide range of choices, and prices are low.

sell securities or commodities or foreign currency that is not actually owned by the seller, who hopes to cover (buy back) the sold items at a lower price and thus to earn a profit

at a stock exchange, the action of continuing a transaction of a particular stock at its fixed value, even if the value has risen

In an auction, a successful bidder may purchase at a price higher than the market price, which is so called "Winner's Curse".

If the market price falls, I intend to buy low before it rises again so that I can turn a profit.

a theory in economics that states that the price level depends directly upon the amount of money in circulation, with all other things remaining equal

a method of securities exchange called 'negorogai'

a public sale at which the price is gradually reduced until someone agrees to pay it

the option to buy or sell a given stock (or stock index or commodity future) at a given price before a given date

an offer to buy shares in a corporation (usually above the market price) for cash or securities or both

a commercial agent who shops at the competitor's store in order to compare their prices and merchandise with those of the store that employs her

a deceptive way of selling that involves advertising a product at a very low price in order to attract customers who are then persuaded to switch to a more expensive product

the practice of purchasing enough shares in a firm to threaten a takeover and thereby forcing the owners to buy those shares back at a premium in order to stay in business

a sale of a relatively large number of assets (stocks or bonds or commodities) at a low price typically done to dispose of them rather than as normal trade

In a grading transaction, you are not allowed to make a claim for what you have received as long as it is within the range of deliverable grades.

In order to serve our customers better (i.e., offer them fair prices) in retail outlets, it is probably best to streamline traditional distribution channels.

a series of transactions in which the speculator increases his holdings by using the rising market value of those holdings as margin for further purchases

"Valuation difference on available-for-sale securities" means the difference between the book value of available-for-sale securities and their market value.

A stock that raises in value when business conditions are good and falls when they are bad is called a business cyclical stock.

a benefit given by a company to an employee in the form of an option to buy stock in the company at a discount or at a fixed price

When one refers to "a stock market", most of the time he/she means not the primary market but rather the secondary market.

Now that our company is marketing some products online, it has become increasingly necessary to review our distribution practices.

in business markets, a trading method in which the accumulative interest earned on an investment is used as security for further borrowing

trade that satisfies certain criteria on the supply chain of the goods involved, usually including fair payment for producers

I made a limited order at a lower price than what it's at now, but the stock won't drop below the price I set so the trade never happened.

Inter-market spread transactions profit on the price margin that corresponds from selling high and at the same time buying low.

Dividing the total value of your products sold by a store by the total sales of the store provides your in-store share at the store.

If you feel the price of stock held is at its peak, reversing your position all at once may minimize final loss.

a formal written offer to sell securities (filed with the SEC) that sets forth a plan for a (proposed) business enterprise