「modernization」に関連した英語例文の一覧と使い方(5ページ目) - Weblio英語例文検索

However, the Korean government refused to accept it saying that the note was written in a style that differed from the conventional one and containing words "皇" and "勅"--traditionally used only by Chinese emperors-- suggested that Japan was superior to Korea, and warning that Japan's modernization was based on "a presumed doctrine of excluding western threats." 例文帳に追加

しかし、その形式が従来と違い文中に中国皇帝のみが使用する「皇」や「勅」の語があったことで、朝鮮側はそれらは朝鮮にたいし日本を上位におくととらえ、また近代化を進める日本を「仮洋夷」として警戒してその受け取りを拒否した。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Ok-gyun KIM, Yong-hyo PAK, and Jae-pil SEO of the Progressive Party (Independent Party), who had doubts about the modernization of Korea under this situation, reached the political and financial leaders of the early-modernized Japan, including Yukichi FUKUZAWA and Shigenobu OKUMA, and deepened exchanges with them. 例文帳に追加

このままでは朝鮮の近代化はおぼつかないと感じた金玉均・朴泳孝・徐載弼らの開化派（独立党）人士らは、福澤諭吉や大隈重信をはじめ一足先に近代化を果たした日本の政財界の代表者達に接触し、交流を深めてゆく。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

As in 'it is unfortunate for us (Japan) that there are neighboring countries,' that were Shina/China (Qing) and Chosen (Joseon Dynasty Korea), he pointed out that both countries had been rejecting modernization and concentrating on an old business-as-usual system based on Confucianism, etc. to 'remain nationally independent under this violent wind of civilization eastward.' 例文帳に追加

その上で、「不幸なるは近隣に国あり」として、支那（清）と朝鮮（李氏朝鮮）を挙げ、両者が近代化を拒否して儒教など旧態依然とした体制にのみ汲々とする点を指摘し「今の文明東漸の風潮に際し、迚も其独立を維持するの道ある可らず」と論じる。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

For a long time, Ito had been wary of Motoda who was known for his adverse opinion towards the modernization of Japan, and Ito immediately wrote 'Kyoikugi' (Proposition on Education) protesting vehemently that Motoda's view is the unrealistic theory; and thus they fiercely confronted each other. 例文帳に追加

かねてより日本の近代化そのものに否定的な考えを持っていることで知られた元田に警戒感を抱いていた伊藤は、ただちに「教育議」を執筆して元田の主張こそ現実離れの空論であると噛み付き、両者は激しく論争した。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Knowledge on international law was actively required because Korea was in the international circumstance where Western powerful countries appeared and the Qing dynasty and Japan promoted their modernization, and people were greatly concerned about how Korea should survive in such situation. 例文帳に追加

周辺に西欧列強が現れ、清朝や日本が近代化するという国際環境にあって、朝鮮はいかに生存を図るべきかということが、人々の主要な関心事として浮上しはじめていたため、国際法の知識は積極的に求められていた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Although it is mainly used for tap water now, since it was completed it has been used for hydroelectric power generation (Japan's first commercial hydroelectric power) which contributed to Kyoto's modernization, such as Japan's first operation of electric railcars (Kyoto Electric Railway, which was later bought by Kyoto Municipal Streetcar). 例文帳に追加

現在は水道用水としての用途が最も多くなっているが、完成当初から水力発電（営業用として日本初）が行われ、その電力を利用した日本初の電車（京都電気鉄道、のち買収されて京都市電）が開業するなど京都の近代化に貢献した。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

The two Customs Heads reaffirmed the importance of assistance to the Customs administrations of Pacific Island States for their reform and modernization, and agreed to provide needs-based technical assistance to them, in close cooperation with Oceania Customs Organization (OCO) and the WCO Asia Pacific Regional Office for Capacity Building (ROCB).例文帳に追加

両国の関税局長・長官は、太平洋島嶼国の税関における税関改革・近代化に向けた支援の重要性を再確認し、オセアニア税関機構（OCO）やWCOキャパシティビルディング・アジア大洋州地域事務所（ROCB）と協力しつつ、ニーズに応じた技術協力を実施していくこととした。 - 財務省

Recognizing that enhancement of collaboration among the MDBs, WCO, and APEC Customs Administrations is required to further promote the efficient and effective customs modernization, we ask the SCCP to seek ways to strengthen partnerships with the MDBs.例文帳に追加

更なる効率的･効果的な税関近代化を推進するために国際開発金融機関、ＷＣＯ及びＡＰＥＣ税関当局の間の一層の協力強化が重要との認識の下に、税関手続小委員会において国際開発金融機関との協力推進に向けた検討を行う。 - 財務省

We look forward to an update at the Spring Meetings on the implementation of the modernization agenda and the next steps toward a more results-oriented, knowledge-based, open, transparent, and accountable WBG which can help deliver transformative change for client countries. 例文帳に追加

我々は、春季会合において、現代化のアジェンダ実施に関する情報の更新を期待すると共に、より成果を重視し、知識を基盤とし、開放的で透明性があり、アカウンタビリティーを備え、各国に変化をもたらすことのできる世界銀行グループとするための次なるステップを期待。 - 財務省

The Vietnamese government formulates a “social and economic development strategy” once every 10years. The 2001-2010 “social and economic development strategy” states that human resources are the decisive factor for industrialization and modernization of the state and makes the strengthening of the untapped skills of human resources one of its objectives.例文帳に追加

ベトナム政府は、10年ごとに「社会・経済開発戦略」を策定しているが、2001～2010年の「社会・経済開発戦略」の中では、国家の工業化及び近代化に取り組むに当たり、人的資源が決定的な要素であるとし、人的資源の潜在能力の強化を目標の一つに挙げている。 - 経済産業省

The factories and coalmines that supported Japan's modernization are an industrial heritage that could be cited as a resource unique to the community. However, while in the West there is a wide awareness of the value of an industrial heritage, with many tourists gathering in these locations, this kind of use is just beginning to happen in Japan.例文帳に追加

地域独特の資源として、日本の近代化を支えた工場や炭鉱などの産業遺産が挙げられるが、欧州では産業遺産の価値が広く認識され、多くの観光客を集めているのに対して、わが国ではこれらの活用は端緒についたところである。 - 経済産業省

3) Loans for the modernization of the retailing of fresh food will be provided to food distributors by the National Life Finance Corporation. Loans to improve the food distribution structure will also be provided by the Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Finance Corporation, the Japan Finance Corporation for Small and Medium Enterprise, and the National Life Finance Corporation. (continuation)例文帳に追加

〔3〕食品販売業者等に対し、国民生活金融公庫から生鮮食料品等小売業近代化貸付を行うとともに、食品流通構造改善貸付制度により、農林漁業金融公庫、中小企業金融公庫及び国民生活金融公庫から融資する。（継続） - 経済産業省

2) In order to promote the spread of expertise in the unique bookkeeping and accounting practices of the construction industry, improve accounting skills, and contribute to the rationalization and modernization of business, the official examination for accounting controllers in the construction industry will be implemented by the Fund for Construction Industry Promotion.例文帳に追加

〔2〕建設業における独自の簿記会計知識の普及と会計処理能力の向上を図り経営の合理化、近代化を推進するため、（財）建設業振興基金において建設業経理事務士検定試験等を実施する。 - 経済産業省

For the Structural Fund, approximately 70 percent of the budget is used to aid underdeveloped regions, approximately 11.5 percent for economic and social conversion in areas experiencing structural difficulties, and approximately 12.3 percent for modernization of training systems and the creation of employment.4例文帳に追加

前者の構造基金の予算のうち約70％は低開発地域の援助へ使用され、約11.5％は構造的な問題を抱える地域での経済的・社会的変革、約12.3％は教育・雇用政策・システムの改革と近代化のためのプロジェクトに拠出されている4。 - 経済産業省

Under such circumstances, the Chinese government advocates in the 12th Five Year Plan both the modernization of agriculture, which lags behind in productivity, to improve rural residents' livelihoods and the further development of the service industry which promises the future growth and increased capacity for employment.例文帳に追加

このような中で、中国政府は、第12 次五か年計画において、生産性で遅れている農業を近代化し、農村の生活改善を図るとともに、今後の成長と雇用吸収力が期待できるサービス業のより一層の振興を掲げている。 - 経済産業省

As Japan is poor in resources due to its geographical conditions, and it is not self-sufficient in its food production, this island nation had a weak point that was difficult to be overcome. So, there was no way but to import such natural resources after Japan's modernization began, dependence on mineral resources such as oil rose.例文帳に追加

我が国は地理的条件から資源が乏しく、食糧自給率も低いことから、それらを輸入せざるを得ないという克服が困難な弱点を、石油などの鉱物資源への依存が強まる近代化以降に抱えることになった。 - 経済産業省

A new “Regional Regeneration Support Program” was launched by the Real Estate Transaction Modernization Center Foundation, which continues to provide guarantees of loans to fund joint initiatives pursued by small and medium realtors in order to supplement the credit and facilitate financing of small and medium realtors. 例文帳に追加

中小不動産事業者の信用を補完し金融を円滑化するため、中小不動産事業者の協業化円滑化資金等に対する債務保証事業を継続実施している（財）不動産流通近代化センターにて「地域再生事業等支援制度」を新設し、同制度による債務保証を行った。 - 経済産業省

And so in 2002, upon beginning its second term, the Schroeder administration set up the “Committee on modernization of labor market” (also known as “Harz Committee”) by inviting Mr.Harz from Volkswagen as the chairman, and began to implement reforms to the employment system (also known as “Harz reform”) on a full scale.例文帳に追加

そこで、2002 年の政権 2 期目開始に当たってシュレーダー政権は、フォルクスワーゲンのハルツ氏を委員長に迎えた「労働市場の近代化に関する委員会」（通称：ハルツ委員会）を設置し、雇用制度改革（通称：ハルツ改革）に本格的に着手した。 - 経済産業省

Such sophistication within the demand structure (due to the modernization and unification of the consumer market within the Asian region) will, together with the sophistication of the supply side (due to the promotion of the previously mentioned "Asian innovation"), promote further development of the Asian economic bloc, or the realization of the "pan-Asian market."例文帳に追加

こうしたアジア域内の消費市場の近代化・一体化による需要構造の高度化は、前述の「アジアイノベーション」の推進による供給面での高度化と併せて、アジアの経済圏としての更なる発展、すなわち「アジア大市場」の実現を促進するものである。 - 経済産業省

(2) With regard to the application of the provision of Article 4, paragraph (1) of the Order for Enforcement of the Act on Financial Aid for Introduction of Facilities by Small Sized Enterprise Operators, etc. revised by the provision of Article 1 for the period from fiscal year 2000 until fiscal year 2003, the term "prefectural special accounting" in the same paragraph shall be deemed to be replaced with "the amount of lending of the fund for the modernization of equipment of small and medium sized enterprises prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (2) of the Act on Financial and Other Assistance for Modernization of Small and Medium Sized Enterprises prior to the revision by the provision of Article 4 of the Act for Partial Revision of the Acts Related to Small and Medium Sized Enterprises for the Purpose of Vitalization, etc. of Business Activities of Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (Act No. 222 of 1999) on the settlement of the prefectural special accounting prescribed in Article 10, paragraph (2) of the Act on Financial and Other Assistance for Modernization of Small and Medium Sized Enterprises prior to the revision by the provision of Article 4 of the Act for Partial Revision of the Acts Related to Small and Medium Sized Enterprises for the Purpose of Vitalization, etc. of Business Activities of Small and Medium Sized Enterprises, and the prefectural special accounting." 例文帳に追加

２　平成十二年度から平成十五年度までの間における第一条の規定による改正後の小規模企業者等設備導入資金助成法施行令第四条第一項の規定の適用については、同項中「県の特別会計」とあるのは、「中小企業の事業活動の活性化等のための中小企業関係法律の一部を改正する法律（平成十一年法律第二百二十二号）第四条の規定による改正前の中小企業近代化資金等助成法第十条第二項に規定する県の特別会計の決算上の同法第二条第二項に規定する中小企業設備近代化資金の貸付額及び県の特別会計」とする。 - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム

There is a background for criticism of the above, on the contrary to many traditional religious schools in Japanese Buddhism who tried to democratize the nature of the religious group by going through trial and error in the movement of 'modernization from the base' after the 1970's, however, Nichiren Shoshu Sect has a tendency to traditionally focus political power on one person, kancho, and maintains the centralization of power. 例文帳に追加

このような批判がなされる背景には、日本仏教における伝統宗派の多くは、1970年代以降「下からの近代化」を目指す動きの中で試行錯誤しながら教団体質の民主化を進めてきたのと対照的に、日蓮正宗は伝統的に管長一人に権力をより集中させており中央集権制を維持していることが挙げられる。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

The reasons for this, which have also caused many other time-honored customs and events to disappear, include: concern about unexpected bush fire, lack of straw caused by a decrease in the farming population, changing life style of young men who are busy as office workers, construction of dams which drive villagers out of mountainous regions, depopulation and modernization. 例文帳に追加

このことは予期せぬ野火に至る恐れがあったり、農家の減少で藁が十分に集められない、若者がサラリーマン化して日程の都合がつかないな、ダムの建設で山間部を離れる、過疎化や近代化など多くの古来からのそれぞれの地域の慣習や行事が消えて行く事と共通するものがある。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

There is the accusation as well that his establishment of a completely centralized feudal control system, in which, with the Tokugawa shogun family placed as the absolute monarch, even the emperor family in addition to the Imperial court as well as daimyo, temples and shrines throughout the nation were placed under its control virtually and closed diplomatic policies were taken, was a factor that delayed modernization of Japan. 例文帳に追加

徳川将軍家を絶対君主制とする、全国の諸大名をはじめ寺社勢力、朝廷そして天皇家までも実質支配下に置き、さらには外交面でも閉鎖的な徹底した中央集権的封建支配体制を築き上げたことは日本の近代化を遅れさせる一因となったという非難の声もある。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

In fiscal year 2004, seven Blue Ribbon City one-step and three ERGA LV vehicles were introduced, and although their specs were basically same as those of the previous year's model, they were equipped with LED destination displays for the sake of modernization and certain other improvements were made, such as the abolishment of marker lamps, the change of buttons for requesting a stop and the change in the design of passenger hand-poles. 例文帳に追加

2004年度はブルーリボンシティ・ワンステップとエルガLVがそれぞれ7台と3台導入され、昨年導入されたタイプとほぼ同じ仕様となっているが、京都バスで初めてLED式行先表示器を装備し近代化を図ったほか、マーカーランプの廃止や降車合図ボタンの変更、車内握り棒のデザイン変更などが施されている。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Gekkeikan Okura Sake Museum (built in 1909) and the museum-owned 'Fushimi sake brewing tools' are certified Heritage of Industrial Modernization as "Heritage of Sake Brewing in Fushimi" together with the 'Uchigura Brewery' (built in 1906), the 'Gekkeikan Old Head Office' (built in 1919), the 'Gekkeikan Showagura Brewery ' (built in 1927), the 'Old Okura Brewing Research Institute' (built in 1909), as well as the Matsumoto Sake Brewing Co., Ltd. and Fushimi jikkoku-bune ship (Old Freighter). 例文帳に追加

月桂冠大倉記念館（明治42年築）と館所蔵の「伏見の酒造用具」は、「内蔵酒造場（明治39年築）」、「月桂冠旧本社（大正8年築）」、「月桂冠昭和蔵（昭和2年築）」、「旧・大倉酒造研究所（明治42年築）」、および松本酒造、伏見十石舟とともに「伏見の日本酒醸造関連遺産」として近代化産業遺産の認定を受けている。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Loans will be provided to small and medium realtors for equipment funds by government-affiliated financial institutions for SMEs, and the Real Estate Transaction Modernization Center Foundation will provide loan guarantees and interest coverage for funds for joint projects, including a fund for the smooth implementation of joint projects by small and medium realtors (a new fund for FY2007), joint facility funds, and funds for cooperation among business associations.例文帳に追加

政府系金融機関による中小不動産業者に対する設備資金等の貸付け、並びに（財）不動産流通近代化センターによる中小不動産業者の協業化円滑化資金（平成19年度新規資金）、共同施設資金等、事業者団体等の協業化のための資金等についての債務保証及び利子補給を行う。 - 経済産業省

We therefore direct the Energy Working Group and Transportation Working Group to cooperate on best practices for both the modernization of air traffic management and the development of aviation biofuels, in coordination with ICAO, to limit or reduce the environmental footprint for all phases of flight, from gate to gate. 例文帳に追加

我々はそれゆえ、搭乗口から搭乗口までの飛行の全段階における環境フットプリントを制限・削減するための、航空交通量管理の近代化及び航空バイオ燃料の開発の双方のベストプラクティスについて、ＩＣＡＯと連携しながら、エネルギー作業部会と運輸作業部会が協力することを指示する。 - 経済産業省

In addition to taking steps to develop a safety net to stabilize management further to designation of specified industries under the Counter-cyclical Emergency Guarantee Program, courses on modernization of management techniques were held in seven locations and health and safety manager training courses were held in six locations around Japan to help prevent industrial accidents (fiscal 2011 budget: included in ¥50 million). 例文帳に追加

景気対応緊急保証制度の特定業種指定を受け、経営の安定のためのセーフティネットの確保に取り組んだほか、経営技術の近代化に向けた講習会を全国7 か所で実施するとともに、労働災害の防止に向けての統括安全衛生責任者研修会を全国6 か所で実施した。【23年度予算：0.5億円の内数】 - 経済産業省

As described above, the consumption level is lower in Asia's economic structure than in those of Europe or the United States; however, as discussed in Chapter 1, income levels have risen in Asian countries such as China and India, backed by high economic growth. These changes have manifested in the appearance of rich and middle-income classes, the gradual revitalization of the consumer market, and changes toward modernization and unification that can be seen in their consumption structures.例文帳に追加

このように、アジアは欧米に比べると消費の水準が低い経済構造にあるが、第1章で見たとおり、近年、中国・インド等のアジア各国においても高い経済成長を背景に所得が向上し、富裕層、中間層が台頭しており、徐々に消費市場が活性化し、また、その消費構造にも、近代化・一体化に向けた変化が見られ始めている。 - 経済産業省

Amid an expectation of the growth and vitalization of the entire pharmaceutical market, if the establishment of primary business role, the modernization of transactions and the diversification of profit structure by the functional differentiation and functional enhancement by using these wholesale characteristics expand, there is a possibility that the expansion of scale of the wholesale distributors as well as the improved profitability may be expected.例文帳に追加

医薬品市場全体の成長と活性化が見込まれる中で、このような各卸の特色を活かした機能分化・機能強化により経営の主体性の確立と取引の近代化、収益構造の多様化などが進めば卸売業者の規模の拡大、収益力の向上を見込むことも可能と考えられる。 - 厚生労働省

Furthermore, the modernization of rail cars was also delayed significantly, as seen in the long-time use of outmoded passenger cars pulled by JNR Diesel Locomotive Type DD51 for the local trains (however, with a fatal accident in the early 1980s, in which an elementary school student who was leaning out of the window accidentally tumbled off the moving train between Namaze and Takedao, passenger cars that started from and terminated at Osaka Station were replaced with the JNR Passenger Car Series 12, equipped with automatic doors, when the timetable was revised in March 1985). 例文帳に追加

加えて、普通列車は永らく国鉄DD51形ディーゼル機関車牽引による旧型客車が使用され続けるなど、車両面での近代化は大きく遅れていた（ただ車両については1980年代前半に生瀬～武田尾間を走行中の普通列車から身を乗り出していた小学生が誤って転落死したこともあり、大阪発着の客車列車に関しては、1985年3月のダイヤ改正で自動扉がついた国鉄12系客車客車に置き換えられて近代化している）。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Therefore, there are different opinions about the ruling by Japan as follows; one opinion is that the infrastructure of Taiwan, such as education, people's livelihood, military and economy, was based upon one built by Japan at that time (Teng-hui LEE and others) and other opposing opinions are that overestimating the role of Japan in modernization leads to a justification for colonial rule, Japan imposed an agriculture-centered policy to make Taiwan a supply source of agricultural products to Japan and it resulted in delaying industrial development and the wealth of Taiwan was deprived by Japanese merchants Taiwan (Illustrated History of Taiwan, Illustration of Taiwanese History). 例文帳に追加

そのため現在の台湾の教育・民生・軍事・経済の基盤は当時の日本によって建設されたものが基礎となっていると主張する意見（李登輝など）と、近代化の中の日本の役割を過大評価することは植民地統治の正当化と反発する意見、台湾は日本への農作物供給地として農業を中心に発展させられたため工業発展に遅れたと主張する意見、日本商人の搾取によって富が奪われたとする意見（図解台湾史、台湾歴史図説）も提示されている。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Synergy effects are gained from the combination of financial and mail services. It is said that post offices, elementary schools, and “koban” police boxes contributed to the modernization of Japan. We are reminded of that when we visit a rural region, although it does not spring to our mind while in Tokyo. In that sense, I believe that we need to have a broad perspective and a historical perspective, rather than merely thinking about financial and mail services. 例文帳に追加

これは言うなれば金融と郵便、葉書というのはシナジー（相乗）効果でございまして、一つの田舎に行けば、特に東京だとあまり感じないのですが、明治以来、郵便局と小学校と交番を置くことによって、日本国が近代化したと、こういう話もございますし、そういった意味で、広い視野で分析して金融業だとか、あるいは手紙や封筒を発信するものだということでなくて、全体として捉える視野というのを歴史的に捉える視野が必要ではないかというふうに思っておりますね。 - 金融庁

Behind this trend, there were; an expansion of the regional market and intensification of competition due to the deepened EU regional market integration; introduction of the Euro in January 1999 which led to the removal of currency barriers and expanded the capital markets in the EU region, allowing EU regional companies to expand the capability to raise capital; and deregulation in various countries which dramatically changed the business environment for service industries, such as the passage of the November 1999 Financial Services Modernization Act in the U.S.例文帳に追加

この背景には、EU 域内市場統合の深化による域内市場の拡大や競争の激化、1999 年 1月のユーロ導入によって通貨の壁が取り払われ EU 域内の資本市場が拡大したことによる、EU 域内企業の資本調達能力の向上、1999 年 11月の米国における金融制度改革法の成立を始めとする各国の規制緩和などサービス産業を取り巻く事業環境の大幅な変化が挙げられる。 - 経済産業省

Also, in the finance and insurance sectors, the following causes were seen to overlap, resulting in the rapid global expansion of M&A targeting the financial industry: (a) Due to the introduction of the Euro in January 1999, along with the disappearance of the market boundaries of each country’s currency, the competition intensified within the financial industry due to the progress in system developments, (b) There was active M&A targeting investment banks, to bring the know-how on intermediation or provision for financial advice for company mergers and acquisitions, (c) Acquisitions of the U.S. financial institutions by the financial institutions in the EU region had increased due to the U.S. deregulation of the Financial Services Modernization Act, etc.例文帳に追加

また、金融・保険分野においては、①1999年1月のユーロ導入によって、各国通貨による市場の境界がなくなるとともに、制度整備が進んだことから、金融業界の競争が激化したこと、②企業合併・買収を仲介したり財務アドバイスを行うノウハウを自社に取り込むために、投資銀行を対象とするM&Aが活発化したこと、③米国における金融制度改革法などによる規制緩和を背景にEU 域内金融機関による米国金融機関の買収が増加したことなどの要因も重なり、金融業のM&Aが世界的に急拡大したものと見られる。 - 経済産業省

The underlying factors behind this electric power shortage include, on the demand side, i) overinvestment and overproduction in electric intensive industries such as steel and aluminum, ii) growing penetration rate of household electric appliances such as air conditioners, and iii) modernization in the commercial and distribution fields in urban areas (newly built large-scale commercial facilities and convenience stores). Although demand for electric power has surged, supply side factors behind the electric power shortage include i) plans to build new electric power facilities were delayed and investment restriction measures were taken as a result of the temporary oversupply of electric power, caused by economic stagnation following the currency and financial crisis in Asia, ii) there was a restricted supply of coal that could be used as fuel (such as abandonment of small coal mines due to industrial structural reform and insufficient railway transport capacity), and iii) supply did not keep up with demand because of such issues as the decline in the operating rate of hydroelectric power plants due to water shortages, thereby widening the supply-demand gap.例文帳に追加

こうした電力不足の背景には、需要サイドの要因として、①鉄鋼・アルミ等の電力多消費型産業による過剰投資・過剰生産、②エアコン等の家電製品の普及率上昇、③都市部の商業・流通分野の近代化（大型商業施設やコンビニの新設）等があり、電力需要が急速に拡大した一方で、供給サイドの要因として、①アジア通貨・金融危機以降の景気低迷により一時的に電力供給過剰となったため、新規発電設備計画を延期し投資抑制策がとられたこと、②燃料用石炭の供給逼迫（産業構造改革による小型炭坑の閉山、鉄道輸送能力不足等）、③水不足による水力発電所稼働率の低下等の問題によって供給が追いつかず、需給ギャップが拡大したことが挙げられる。 - 経済産業省