engrossとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English engrossen, from Anglo-Norman engrosser (“to gather in large quantities, draft something in final form”); partly from the phrase en gros (“in bulk, in quantity, at wholesale”), from en- + gros; and partly from Medieval Latin ingrossō (“thicken, write something large かつ in bold lettering”, v.), from in- + grossus (“great, big, thick”), from Old High German grōz (“big, thick, coarse”), from Proto-West Germanic *graut, from Proto-Germanic *grautaz (“large, great, thick, coarse grained, unrefined”), from Proto-Indo-European *ghrewə- (“to fell, put down, fall in”). More at in-, gross.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA^(key): /ɪnˈɡɹəʊs/, /ɪŋˈɡɹəʊs/, /ɛnˈɡɹəʊs/, /ɛŋˈɡɹəʊs/
• (米国発音) IPA^(key): /ɪnˈɡɹəʊs/, /ɪŋˈɡɹəʊs/, /ɛnˈɡɹoʊs/, /ɛŋˈɡɹoʊs/
• 韻: -əʊs

動詞

engross (三人称単数 現在形 engrosses, 現在分詞 engrossing, 過去形および過去分詞形 engrossed)

2. (transitive, now law) To write (a document) in large, aesthetic, and legible lettering; to make a finalized copy of.
   • (Can we date this quote by Nathaniel Hawthorne かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     some period long past, when clerks engrossed their stiff and formal chirography on more substantial materials

   • (Can we date this quote by De Quincey かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     laws that may be engrossed upon a finger nail

3. (transitive, business, obsolete) To buy up wholesale, especially to buy the whole supply of (a commodity etc.).
4. (transitive) To monopolize; to concentrate (something) in the single possession of someone, especially unfairly.
   • 1644, John Milton, Aeropagitica:

     After which time the Popes of Rome, engrossing what they pleas'd of Politicall rule into their owne hands, extended their dominion over mens eyes, as they had before over their judgements, burning and prohibiting to be read, what they fancied not […]

   • 2007, John Burrow, A History of Histories, Penguin Books, published 2009, pages 125-126:

     Octavian then engrosses for himself proconsular powers for ten years in all the provinces where more than one legion was stationed, giving him effective control of the army

5. (transitive) To completely engage the attention of.

   She seems to be completely engrossed in that book.

6. (transitive, obsolete) To thicken; to condense.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, III.4:

     As, when a foggy mist hath overcast / The face of heven, and the cleare ayre engroste, / The world in darkenes dwels […]

7. (transitive, obsolete) To make gross, thick, or large; to thicken; to increase in bulk or quantity.
   • (Can we date this quote by Edmund Spenser かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     waves […] engrossed with mud

   • c. 1593, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene vii]:

     not sleeping, to engross his idle body

8. (obsolete) To amass.
   • c. 1597, William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene ii]:

     to engross up glorious deeds on my behalf

同意語

• (to buy up the whole supply of): corner the market
• (thicken): inspissate; see also Thesaurus:thicken
• (amass): amound, hoard; see also Thesaurus:amass

等位語

• (to write out in large characters): longhand

関連する語

• gross

参照

• “engross” in Douglas Harper, Online Etymology Dictionary, 2001–2020.

アナグラム

• Gersons, Gonsers, Songers, grossen, songers