draftとは

発音

• (英国発音) IPA^(key): /dɹɑːft/

  韻: -ɑːft

• (米国発音) IPA^(key): /dɹæft/

  韻: -æft

• Homophone: draught

名詞

draft (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 drafts)

1. (possibly archaic) The action or an act (especially of a beast of burden または vehicle) of pulling something along or back.

   using oxen for draft   shot forth an arrow with a mighty draft

2. (possibly archaic) The act of drawing in a net for fish.
3. (possibly archaic) That which is drawn in; a catch, a haul.

   he cast his net, which brought him a very great draft

4. An early version of a written work (such as a book または e-mail) or drawing; a preliminary sketch or outline.

   I have to revise the first draft of my term paper.

   His first drafts were better than most authors' final products.

5. (nautical) Depth of water needed to float a ship; depth below the water line to the bottom of a vessel's hull; depth of water drawn by a vessel.
6. A current of air, usually coming into a room or vehicle.
7. Draw through a flue of gasses (smoke) resulting from a combustion process.
8. An amount of liquid (such as water, alcohol, または medicine) that is drunk in one swallow.

   She took a deep draft from the bottle of water.

9. Beer drawn from a cask or keg rather than a bottle or can.
10. A cheque, an order for money to be paid.
11. Conscription, the system of forcing people to serve in the military.

    He left the country to avoid the draft.

12. (politics) A system of forcing or convincing people to take an elected position.
13. (sports) A system of assigning rookie players to professional sports teams.
14. (rail transport) The pulling force (tension) on couplers and draft gear during a slack stretched condition.
15. The bevel given to the pattern for a casting, so that it can be drawn from the sand without damaging the mould.

同意語

• (mouthful of liquid): swig; see also Thesaurus:drink

派生語

• air draft
• backdraft
• deep draft
• downdraft
• updraft

動詞

draft (三人称単数 現在形 drafts, 現在分詞 drafting, 過去形および過去分詞形 drafted)

1. (transitive) To write a first version, make a preliminary sketch.
2. To draw in outline; to make a draught, sketch, or plan of, as in architectural and mechanical drawing.
3. To write a law.
4. (transitive) To conscript a person, force a person to serve in some capacity, especially in the military.

   He was drafted during the Vietnam War.   There was a campaign to draft Smith to run for President.

   They drafted me to be the chairperson of the new committee.

5. To select and separate an animal or animals from a group.

   The calves were drafted from the cows.

6. (transitive, sports) To select a rookie player onto a professional sports team.

   After his last year of college football, he was drafted by the Miami Dolphins.

7. (intransitive) To follow very closely behind another vehicle, thereby providing an aerodynamic advantage to both lead and follower, thereby conserving energy or increasing speed.
8. To draw out; to call forth.

   (Can we find かつ add a quotation of Addison to this entry?)

9. To draw fibers out of a clump, for spinning in the production of yarn.

形容詞

draft (not comparable)

1. (not comparable) Referring to drinks on tap, in contrast to bottled.

   I'd rather have a fresh, cheap draft beer.

関連する語

• draw

Further reading

• draft in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• draft in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.