farewellとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English farewel, from fare wel! (かつ the variants with the personal pronoun "fare you well" かつ "fare ye well" used in the Renaissance), an imperative expression, possibly further derived from 古期英語 *far wel!, equivalent to fare (“to fare, travel, journey”) +‎ well. Compare Scots farewele, fairweill (“farewell”), Saterland Frisian Foarwäil (“farewell”), West Frisian farwol (“farewell”), German Fahrwol,Fahrwohl, East Frisian forwal^[1], Dutch vaarwel (“farewell (sadly)”), Danish farvel (“farewell”), Norwegian farvel (“farewell”), Swedish farväl (“farewell”), Faroese farvæl (“goodbye”), Icelandic far vel (“farewell”). The extensive list of cognates suggests a postulated ultimate Proto-Germanic phrase of origin, possibly something akin to *far wela.

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /fɛəˈwɛl/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /fɛɚˈwɛl/
• (廃れた用法) IPA^(key): /fɑːɹˈwɛl/, /fæɹˈwɛl/^[2]
• 韻: -ɛl
• ハイフネーション: fare‧well

名詞

farewell (複数形 farewells)

1. A wish of happiness or safety at parting, especially a permanent departure

   Synonyms: goodbye, adieu

   • 1922, Ben Travers, chapter 5, in A Cuckoo in the Nest:

     The departure was not unduly prolonged. […] Within the door Mrs. Spoker hastily imparted to Mrs. Love a few final sentiments on the subject of Divine Intention in the disposition of buckets; farewells and last commiserations; a deep, guttural instigation to the horse; and the wheels of the waggonette crunched heavily away into obscurity.

   • 1960 November, L. Hyland, “The Irish Scene”, in Trains Illustrated, page 691:

     The last train—a three-coach A.E.C. unit—from Belfast to Crumlin and back, was bade farewell with fog signals as it carried a capacity crowd of last-trip travellers.

2. A departure; the act of leaving
   • c. 1591–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Third Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:

     See how the morning opes her golden gates, And takes her farewell of the glorious sun.

   • September 14, 1710, Joseph Addison, The Examiner No. 1

     Before I take my farewell of the subject.

形容詞

farewell (not comparable)

1. Parting, valedictory, final.

   a farewell discourse;  the band's farewell tour

   • 1908, W[illiam] B[lair] M[orton] Ferguson, chapter I, in Zollenstein, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:

     “I'm through with all pawn-games,” I laughed. “Come, let us have a game of lansquenet. Either I will take a farewell fall out of you or you will have your sevenfold revenge”.

   • 1858, John Saunders, Westland Marston, The National Magazine, volume 3, page 133:

     But with the first gray light of dawn he arose; and before drawing the white sheet veilingly over, he took a last farewell look at that angel face.

間投詞

farewell

1. Goodbye.

   He said "Farewell!" and left.

   • 1667, John Milton, “Book IV”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

     So farewell hope, and with hope, farewell fear.

   • 1786 July 31, Robert Burns, “On a Scotch Bard Gone to the West Indies”, in Poems, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect, Kilmarnock, East Ayrshire: Printed by John Wilson, →OCLC; reprinted Kilmarnock: James McKie, March 1867, →OCLC, page 184:

     Fareweel, my rhyme-compoſing billie!
     Your native ſoil was right ill-willie;
     But may ye flouriſh like a lily,
     Now bonilie!
     I'll toaſt ye in my hindmoſt gillie,
     Tho' owre the Sea!

動詞

farewell (三人称単数 現在形 farewells, 現在分詞 farewelling, 過去形および過去分詞形 farewelled)

1. To bid farewell or say goodbye.
   • 2009 February 9, Neil Wilson and staff writers, “Tributes for newsman Brian Naylor and wife, killed in fires”, in Herald Sun‎^[2], archived from the original on 11 February 2009:

     He farewelled viewers with a warm sign-off after each bulletin: "May your news be good news, and goodnight."

派生語

• farewell-to-spring

参照

アナグラム

• wellfare