英和和英

読み方 あたる

自他動

1

（＝命中する）to hit （the mark）; to strike （the object aimed at）

用例

• 的にあたる
  to hit the mark―take effect―tell

• 星にあたる
  to hit the bull's-eye
• 銃弾が頭部にあたった
  The bullet hit him on the head.
• 砲弾が司令塔にあたった
  The shell hit the ship on the conning-tower―struck （the ship on） the conning-tower.
• 弾があたった
  The shot has taken effect.
• 弾があたらない
  The shot has missed―gone wide of the mark―gone wild.
• 弾としてあたらざる無し（百発百中）
  Every shot tells.
• 鉄砲弾にあたる
  to be hit by a bullet―be struck by a bullet
• 敵の弾はあたらない
  The enemy's shots do not take effect.
• 敵の撃ち方はあたらない
  The enemy do not shoot straight―They shoot wide―shoot wild.
• 日本人は鉄砲弾があたっても死なないと言う者があった
  It was said that the Japanese were proof against bullets.

2

（＝的中する）to hit the mark

用例

• 評が当たっている
  The word hits the mark―hits the nail on the head―hits it.

• 肯綮にあたる
  to hit the mark

3

用例

• （評などが）当たる
  to be true―just―correct―right

• 答が当たる
  The answer is correct.
• いい加減に書いて出した答案が当たった
  The answer I gave at random proved correct.
• その評が当たっている
  The criticism is just
  The estimate is just.
• 君の言う事は実に当たっている
  What you say, is very true
  Your remark is very true.

4

用例

• 臆測が当たる、当たらぬ
  to guess right―guess wrong

• 当たった
  You have guessed right―guessed it―hit it―hit right―You are right in your conjectures.
• うまく当たった
  You have made a lucky guess―made a good guess―made a good hit―made a good shot.
• 当たらぬ
  You have guessed wrong―guessed amiss―made a bad shot―You are wrong in your conjectures.
• 大いに当たらぬ
  You have guessed wide―guessed wild―You are wide of the mark.
• 当たらずといえども遠からず
  You are not far from the mark―very nearly right.

5

用例

• 予言が当たる
  A prediction comes true.

• 予言が当たった
  My prediction has come true.
• 予言が当たらぬ
  The prediction has failed.
• 当たるも八卦当たらぬも八卦
  A prediction may or may not come true
  There is no saying how a prediction may turn out.
• 夢が当たる事がある
  Dreams sometimes come true―come out true.

6

用例

• 投機が当たる
  A speculation turns out well.

• 山が当たった
  My speculation has turned out well―eventuated well―My speculation is a success.
• 山が当たらぬ
  My speculation has turned out ill―eventuated ill―It is a failure.
• 今年の作が当たった
  This year's harvest has turned out well―succeeded.
• 今年の養蚕は当たらない
  The sericulture has turned out ill―failed―this year.

7

用例

• 計略が図に当たる
  A stratagem takes.

• 計略が図に当たってその人は金を儲けた
  The stratagem took, and the man made a fortune.
• 芝居が当たる
  A play takes
  A play makes a good hit.
• 芝居が当たって満員だ
  The play has taken, and is drawing a full house.
• 今度の小説が当たった
  His new novel has taken.

8

用例

• 籤が当たる
  The lot falls to one.

• 籤が当たった
  The lot has fallen to me
  I have drawn a prize.
• 籤が当たらない
  The lot has not fallen to me
  I have drawn a blank.
• 富籤に当たる
  to draw a prize in the lottery
• 富籤に当たらぬ
  to draw a blank in the lottery―sit down with a blank
• 福引で傘が当たった
  An umbrella fell to me in the lottery―fell to my lot.
• 財産を分配した時、この家が僕に当たった
  When the property was divided, this house fell to my lot―fell to my share.

9

用例

• 日が当たる
  The sun shines on anything.

• （雨が晴れて）日が当たってきた
  The sun is beginning to shine.
• 縁側に日が当たる
  The sun shines on the verandah.
• この家はよく日が当たる
  The house is very sunny―full of sunshine.
• 日の当たるところ（日向）で遊べ
  Play in the sun.
• 日の当たらないところ（日蔭）におれ
  Keep in the shade.
• 黒板に日が当たってチラチラする
  The sunlight glances on the blackboard
  The blackboard glances in the sun.
• 光線が物体に当たる
  Light falls on an object―strikes an object.
• 雨が窓に当たる
  The rain beats against the window.
• 風が窓に当たる
  The wind blows against the window―drives against the window.

10

用例

• 日に当たる
  to expose oneself to the sun―be exposed to the sun―bask in the sun―bathe in the sunlight―sun oneself

• 雨に当たる
  to expose oneself to the rain―be exposed to the rain
• 風に当たる
  to expose oneself to the wind―be exposed to the wind―be blown by the wind
• 彼は米国の自由の風に当たってきた
  He has imbibed liberal ideas―lived in a free atmosphere―enjoyed freedom―in America.
• 夜露に当たる
  to expose oneself to the night-dew―be exposed to the night-dew

11

用例

• 火に当たる
  to warm oneself at the fire―sit over the fire―nurse the fire―hug the fire

• もっと寄っておあたり
  Draw nearer and warm yourself.
• （彼は寒がりで）一日火に当たってばかりいる
  He sits over the fire―cowers over the fire―nurses the fire―hugs the chimney-corner―all day.
• （余り寒いから）焚き火をしてあたった
  We warmed ourselves at blazing fire―made a blazing fire to warm us.

12

用例

• 罰が当たる
  to be punished by Heaven―bring down Divine judgment on one's head―draw down the wrath of Heaven on oneself

• そんな事をすると罰が当たるぞ
  If you do such a thing, Heaven will punish you for it―It is a profanation―a sacrilege―to do such a thing.
• そんな事を言うと罰が当たるぞ
  It is a profanity―a blasphemy―to say such a thing.
• 罰があたったから見ろ
  You are punished
  Serve you right!
• 貴様は親に苦労をかけたから罰が当たったのだ
  It is a punishment―a judgment on you―for bringing your father's gray hairs to the grave.
• あまりうまくて罰が当たりそうだ
  It is as good as sinning―like sinning.

13

用例

• 幾日に当たる
  to fall on some day

• 祭日が日曜に当たる
  The holiday falls on Sunday.
• 天長節は何曜に当たるか
  What day of the week does the Emperor's Birthday fall on?―（を通例）―What day of the week is the Emperor's Birthday?
• 今日が彼の事件があってからちょうど三年目に当たる
  It is three years to a day since the event happened.
• 来年は徴兵年齢に当たる
  I shall be of conscription age next year.
• この時に当たりて
  at this time―at this juncture―at this period

14

用例

• 南に当たる
  to lie to the south―（海上なら）―bear south

• 朝鮮は日本の西に当たる
  Korea lies （to the） west of Japan.
• その島ははるか西方に当たる
  The island lies far to the westward.
• 比叡山は京都の東北に当たる
  Mt. Hiei rises （to the） north-east of Kyoto.
• その寺は道路の右に当たる
  The temple stands （to the） right of the road.
• 陸地は正南にあたる
  Land bears due south.
• 中国の東に当たって島あり
  There is an island （to the） east of the Middle Empire.
• 火事は浅草の方に当たる
  The fire is in the direction of Asakusa―down Asakusa way.

15

用例

• 道に当たる
  to lie in the way―be on the road

• その家は路に当たるから帰りに立ち寄って行こう
  The house lies in my way, so I will look in on my way home.
• 路に当たっていないがたいした廻り路にもならぬ
  It does not lie in my way,―It lies out of my way,―but it won't be going much out of my way.
• その島は本船の航路に当たる
  The island lies in our course.
• その村は本道に当たっているか
  Is the village on the road?
• 本道には当たっていない（少しはずれている）
  It is a little way off the road.

16

用例

• 伯（叔）父甥に当たる
  to stand to each other in the relation of uncle and nephew

• あの人は君の何にあたるか
  In what relation does he stand to you?―（を通例）―What relation is he to you?―How is he related to you?
• 僕の従弟に当たる
  He stands to me in the relation of cousin―（を通例）―He is my cousin.

17

用例

• 理に当たる（理の当然）
  to stand to reason

• 戦敗国が軍費を負担するのは理に当たっている
  It stands to reason that the vanquished power should bear the war-expenses.

18

用例

• 番に当たる
  to have one's turn―One's turn comes―It comes to one's turn

• やっと番に当たった
  At last my turn has come.
• 僕はもう番にあたった
  I have had my turn―had my innings.
• その時はちょうど僕が炊事をする番に当たった
  It came to my turn to do the cooking
  It was my turn to do the cooking
  I was the cook for the day.

19

用例

• 任に当たる
  to be charged with a duty―（自ら進んでなら）―charge oneself with a duty―take a trust on oneself.

• 彼は皇太子ご教育の重任に当たっていた
  He was charged with the important duty of educating the Crown Prince.
• 僕は遺族に悲報を伝える任に当たった
  I took it upon myself to break the sad news to the family.
• 彼は国家を救う重任に当たった
  He took it upon himself―It fell to his lot―The lot fell to him―to save his country.
• 自ら枢機に当たる
  to take the control of affairs on oneself

20

用例

• 局に当たる
  to take charge of an affair―concern oneself with an affair―deal with an affair

• 僕は自ら局に当たることは望まぬ
  I do not wish to concern myself with the affair.
• 時局に当たる
  to deal with the situation―cope with the situation―grapple with the situation
• 難局に当たる
  to grapple with a difficult situation―tackle a situation―handle a situation
• この難局に当たる者は無いか
  Is there no one who can tackle the situation?
• 自ら進んで難局に当たる
  to stand in the breach―stand in the gap
• 潔く難局に当たる
  to face the situation―face the music
• 局に当たる者
  one concerned―（当局者の意味なら）―the authorities concerned

21

用例

• 事に当たる
  to undertake a task―take a matter in hand

• いかにしてこの事に当たるか
  How shall we proceed in the matter?
• 沈着事に当たる
  to proceed with calmness
• 潔く難事に当たる
  to face the difficulty―face the music
• 実地に当たって見なければ困難の味がわからぬ
  You do not realize the difficulty till you grapple with the reality―buckle yourself to the reality―tackle the reality.

22

用例

• 敵にあたる
  to engage the enemy―fight the enemy

• 敵に当たれる兵が無い
  There are no troops that can make head against the enemy―stand up to the enemy.
• 勇気当たるべからず
  His valour is resistless
  He is as bold as a lion.
• 勢い当たるべからず
  He is as proud as Lucifer.
• 元気当たるべからず
  He is in roaring health―in roaring spirits.
• 攻撃の衝に当たる
  to bear the brunt of the fight―stand in the breach―stand in the gap

23

用例

• 人に辛く当たる
  to deal harshly by one―to be hard on one―down on one

• 彼女は継子に辛く当たる
  She is hard on her stepchildren.

24

用例

• 値段を当たってみる
  to feel the price―feel the pulse of the market

• 寸法を当たってみる
  to take the measure
• 彼はどんな意見を持っているか当たってみよう
  I will sound his views―sound him on the subject.
• 小当たりに当たってみた
  I threw out a feeler.

25

用例

• 食物があたる
  to disagree with one's constitution―poison one

• 何か食った物があたったのだろう
  Something I had at dinner must have disagreed with me
  I must have been poisoned by something I had at dinner.
• 海豚はあたる
  The globe-fish is poisonous―a poison.
• 毒にあたる
  to suffer from the effects of poison―be poisoned
• 暑気にあたった
  I am suffering from the effects of exposure to heat
  I have a touch of heat-stroke.
• 冷気にあたった
  I am suffering from the effects of exposure to cold.
• 陽気に当たった
  I am under the weather.

26

• 顔を当たる
  to shave one's face

27

（＝衝突する）to strike （an object―against an object）; to collide with, come into collision with （a ship）; to run foul of （a ship）; to clash with, conflict with, interfere with （some work）

用例

• 船が岩にあたった
  The ship struck a rock―struck against a rock.

• 船が船にあたった
  A ship collided with another―came into collision with another―ran foul of another.
• この車が他の車にあたる
  This wheel interferes with the others.
• 彼我の利益があたる
  Our interests clash with theirs―conflict with theirs.
• 入れ歯があたる
  The false tooth stands in the way.
• 靴があたる
  The shoe pinches （me）.
• 指のところがあたる
  The shoe pinches me at the toes.
• この崖から落ちようものなら岩にあたって微塵に砕けてしまう
  If you were to fall over this precipice, you would be dashed to pieces against the rocks below.
• 犬も歩けば棒にあたる
  A walking dog will get something
  “Every dog will have his day.”【イディオム・格言的】
• 当たって砕けろ
  I will take my chance―take the chances―take the risks―risk it―chance it.

28

（＝相当する）to correspond to, answer to （something）:（数量なら）to be equal to, equivalent to （a quantity）

用例

• 英国の“duke”はわが公爵に当たる
  The English “duke” corresponds to our “prince.”

• 一ポンドは十円に当たる
  A pound is equivalent to ten yen.
• 一マイルは約十五丁に当たる
  A mile is nearly equivalent to 15 cho.
• 屁の一つは薬千服に当たる
  A single discharge of wind is equivalent to a thousand doses of medicine.
• 沈黙は偽りに当たる事がある
  Silence is sometimes equivalent to a lie.
• 金銭は使いようによっては一円が十円にも当たる
  One yen well spent may be equivalent to ten
  You may get ten yen's worth out of one.
• 一人が十人に当たる
  One man is equal to ten.
• 英語には「流石｛さすが｝」に当たる言葉が無い
  The English language has no word corresponding to “sasuga”―no equivalent for “sasuga”.
• これに当たる英語が無い
  There is no English （equivalent） for it.
• 「兎角｛とかく｝」に当たる英語は何か
  What is the English （equivalent） for “tokaku”?

29

（＝当てはまる）to apply to （a case）; to hold true （in some cases）; to be true of （some cases）

用例

• この規則は如何なる場合にも当たる
  The rule applies to every case
  It is applicable to every case
  It holds true in every case
  It is true of every case.

• 上の述べたことは学生ばかりでなく誰にでも当たる
  The above statement holds true, not only with students, but in every case
  The above statement is true of everybody.

30

〈打消助動詞〉Need not

用例

• そんなことをするにあたらぬ
  We need not do such a thing.

• 何も驚くにあたらぬ
  We need not be surprised
  Why should we be surprised?
  There is no reason why we should be surprised
  I see no reason why we should be surprised.
• 自分が酒を飲まないからといって人にも飲ませないにはあたるまい
  His abstinence from wine is no reason why others should not drink.
• いくら金があるからって何もあのように見せびらかすにはあたるまい
  His being rich is no reason why he should make such a display of it.