英和和英

別の表記

• thinck, thinke (obsolete)

発音

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA: /ˈθɪŋk/, [ˈθɪŋk]
• (Appalachia, African-American Vernacular, thank-think merger)
  • (without æ-raising) IPA: /ˈθæŋk/, [ˈθæŋk]
  • (æ-raising) IPA: /ˈθeɪ̯ŋk/, [ˈθeɪ̯ŋk]; /ˈθɛ̃ŋk/, [ˈθɛ̃ŋk]
• (pre-/ŋ/-tensing)
  • (Upper Midwestern 米国発音, Western 米国発音, Canada) IPA: /ˈθiŋk/, [ˈθiŋk]; [ˈθɪ̝ŋk]
• (th-fronting) IPA: /ˈfɪŋk/, [ˈfɪŋk]
• (India, Ireland, th-stopping) IPA: /ˈtɪŋk/, [ˈt̪ɪŋk]
• 韻: -ɪŋk
• ハイフネーション: think
• 異形同音異義語: thank (Appalachia, African-American Vernacular, thank-think merger), fink (th-fronting), tink (th-stopping)

語源 1

From 中期英語 thinken, thynken, thenken, thenchen, from 古期英語 þenċan, from Proto-West Germanic *þankijan, from Proto-Germanic *þankijaną (“to think”), from Proto-Indo-European *teng- (“to think, feel, know”).

Cognate with Scots think, thynk (“to think”), North Frisian teenk, taanke, tanke, tånke (“to think”), Saterland Frisian toanke (“to think”), West Frisian tinke (“to think”), Dutch denken, dinken (“to think”), Afrikaans dink (“to think”), Low German denken, dinken (“to think”), German denken (“to think”), Danish tænke (“to think”), Swedish tänka (“to think”), Norwegian Bokmål tenke (“to think”), Norwegian Nynorsk tenkja (“to think”), Icelandic þekkja (“to know, recognise, identify, perceive”), Gothic þagkjan (“to think”), Latin tongeō (“know”).

動詞

think (third-person singular simple present thinks, present participle thinking, simple past and past participle thought)

1. (transitive) To ponder, to go over in one's mind.

   Idly, the detective thought what his next move should be.

   • c. 1650, Andrew Marvell, To His Coy Mistress:

     Had we but world enough and time / This coyness, lady, were no crime. / We would sit down, and think which way / To walk, and pass our long love's day.

2. (transitive) To have (some statement) in one's mind; to say to oneself mentally.

   "I should phone my mother," I thought.

   • 1908, W[illiam] B[lair] M[orton] Ferguson, chapter IV, in Zollenstein, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:

     So this was my future home, I thought! Certainly it made a brave picture. I had seen similar ones fired-in on many a Heidelberg stein. Backed by towering hills, […] a sky of palest Gobelin flecked with fat, fleecy little clouds, it in truth looked a dear little city; the city of one's dreams.

3. (intransitive) To communicate to oneself in one's mind, to try to find a solution to a problem.

   I thought for three hours about the problem and still couldn’t find the solution.

   • 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter I, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:

     Thinks I to myself, “Sol, you're run off your course again. This is a rich man's summer ‘cottage’ and if you don't look out there's likely to be some nice, lively dog taking an interest in your underpinning.”

4. (intransitive) To conceive of something or someone [with of; or (rare) with on]

   I tend to think of her as rather ugly.

   • 2013 August 3, “Revenge of the nerds”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8847:

     Think of banking today and the image is of grey-suited men in towering skyscrapers. Its future, however, is being shaped in converted warehouses and funky offices in San Francisco, New York and London, where bright young things in jeans and T-shirts huddle around laptops, sipping lattes or munching on free food.

5. (transitive) To be of opinion (that); to consider, judge, regard, or look upon (something) as.

   I don't think it worth complaining about the leak in the roof, is it?

   I hope you won’t think me stupid if I ask you what that means.

   She thought it pointless starting before four o'clock.

   I think she is pretty, contrary to most people.

   Boxing is thought to be a dangerous sport.

   It was thought that I was the mole in the company.

   • c. 1601–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Twelfe Night, or What You Will”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], page 255, column 2:

     My brother he is in Elizium, / Perchance he is not drown'd: What thinke you, ſaylors?.

   • 1865, Henry David Thoreau, Cape Cod, Chapter IX. "The Sea and the Desert", page 182.

     […] one man showed me a young oak which he had transplanted from behind the town, thinking it an apple-tree.

   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter III, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

     Now all this was very fine, but not at all in keeping with the Celebrity's character as I had come to conceive it. The idea that adulation ever cloyed on him was ludicrous in itself. In fact I thought the whole story fishy, and came very near to saying so.

6. (transitive) To guess; to reckon; to believe while admittedly being uncertain.

   We should/would have thought she could've washed her hands before, at least.

7. To plan; to be considering; to be of a mind (to do something).
   • 1819 December 20 (indicated as 1820), Walter Scott, Ivanhoe; a Romance. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co. […], →OCLC:

     The cupbearer shrugged up his shoulders in displeasure. "I thought to have lodged him in the solere chamber," said he […]

   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

     “Well,” I answered, at first with uncertainty, then with inspiration, “he would do splendidly to lead your cotillon, if you think of having one.” ¶ “So you do not dance, Mr. Crocker?” ¶ I was somewhat set back by her perspicuity.

   • 1998, Dovid Rossoff, Where Heaven Touches Earth, page iii:

     In 1985 I sat down and wrote a four-page outline from which I thought to base such a work.

8. To presume; to venture.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Matthew 3:9:

     Think not to say within yourselves, We have Abraham to our father.

9. (informal, used to show obviousness or agreement) Ellipsis of think so.

   These plants are dead.
   Uh, you think?

Conjugation

同意語

• (ponder): See Thesaurus:ponder
• (communicate to oneself in one's mind): See Thesaurus:think
• (be of the opinion (that)): See Thesaurus:have opinion
• (guess, reckon): guess See Thesaurus:suppose
• (consider, judge, regard something as): See Thesaurus:deem

派生語

関連する語

名詞

think (usually uncountable, plural thinks)

1. (chiefly UK) An act of thinking; consideration (of something).

   I'll have a think about that and let you know.

派生語

語源 2

From 中期英語 thinken, thynken, thenken (also thinchen, thünchen), from 古期英語 þyncan (“to seem, appear”), from Proto-Germanic *þunkijaną (“to seem”).

Cognate with Dutch dunken (“to seem, appear”), German dünken (“to seem, appear”), Danish tykkes (“to seem”), Swedish tycka (“to seem, think, regard”), Icelandic þykja (“to be regarded, be considered, seem”). More at methinks.

動詞

think (third-person singular simple present thinks, present participle thinking, simple past and past participle thought)

1. (obsolete except in methinks) To seem, to appear.
   • 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, chapter V, in Le Morte Darthur, book XV:

     And whanne syr launcelot sawe he myghte not ryde vp in to the montayne
     he there alyghte vnder an Appel tree
     […]
     And then he leid hym doune to slepe
     And thenne hym thoughte there came an old man afore hym
     the whiche sayd A launcelot of euylle feythe and poure byleue
     wherfor is thy wille tourned soo lyghtely toward thy dedely synne

     And when Sir Lancelot saw that he could not ride up into the mountain, he alighted under an apple tree […] and then he lay down to sleep. And then it seemed to him [lit. him thought] that an old man came before him who said: "Lancelot, of evil faith and poor belief, why is thy will turned so lightly towards thy deadly sin?"

参照