「feudal-lords」に関連した英語例文の一覧と使い方(13ページ目) - Weblio英語例文検索

Kogi became the general term for official authority in the period of governmental instability in towards the end of the Toyotomi administration, and in the Edo Period, Kogi started to indicate the Edo bakufu which was the only unified authority that mediated the power struggles among the feudal lords. 例文帳に追加

豊臣政権末期の政情不安定期に公権力を漠然と公儀と呼ぶ慣習が生まれ、江戸時代に入ると統一政権で諸領主権力間の唯一の利害調整機関となった江戸幕府を指して公儀と呼ばれるようになった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

After this, the bakufu solidified the master-servant relationship with each daimyo by around the middle of 17th century, through enacting Buke shohatto (laws for the military households), making Sankinkotai (a system under which feudal lords were required to spend every other year in residence in Edo) obligatory, and conducting Kaieki operations (forfeiting the rank of samurai and properties) for powerful daimyo, strengthened control of the Imperial Court, and established its government officer system. 例文帳に追加

この後幕府は、17世紀中葉までに、武家諸法度の発布や参勤交代の義務化、有力大名の改易などを通して、諸大名との主従制を確固たるものとし、朝廷統制を強め、幕府官僚機構を整備した。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Under these circumstances, za were also gradually changed. Some za tried to become a trade group independent of their honjo, or some tried to have closer ties to government offices and feudal lords to have them as their honjo, and some attempted to establish a hereditary privilege by limiting the number of members in their za. 例文帳に追加

こうした中で座も変質していき、本所から自立した営業集団に転化したり、官衙や領主との結びつきを強めて中にはこれらを新たな本所するものが出現したり、座衆の数を制限して世襲特権化を図ろうとした。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

In contrast, if the feudal lords gathered their vassals around their castles and set them as a full-time regular army, they were able to meet the needs mentioned above and to improve soldiers' skillfulness and the quality of arms (notice: in this case the regular army mentioned here is totally different from the one stipulated in the history of military in the Western countries). 例文帳に追加

これに対し、家臣を城下に集めて専任の常備軍（この常備軍は西洋軍事史で規定されるそれとは全くの別物である事に注意）とすれば、上記の要求を満たせる上、兵の錬度、武具の質も上げることができた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

These small feudal bushi lords that weakened individually due to divided inheritance unified together to form a force that would not be pushed down by other forces, joined the battle as one bushidan to gain reward, and names of 'Shirahata Ikki' and 'Kikyo Ikki' came from the emblem on flags. 例文帳に追加

これらは分轄相続によって、個々には弱小化してしまった小領主たる武士達が、他の勢力に飲み込まれないために、協力してまとまった勢力をつくりあげ、ひとつの武士団として戦に参加し、恩賞を得ようというものであり、「白旗一揆」や「桔梗一揆」はその旗印を名前とした。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Soma-mikuriya is often raised as an exemplary case of: bitter struggles with kokushi (provincial governors) and mokudai (deputy kokushi, or a deputy provincial governor) during the transformation of local officials to local lords; donation by the local lord classes to defend their vulnerable positions; and the limits of the protection by donation, which led to the establishment of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun). 例文帳に追加

相馬御厨は在庁官人が在地領主に変貌していく過程で、国司や目代と激しく対立した事、在地領主層が脆弱な地位を守るために寄進を行った事、寄進による保護にも限界があり、鎌倉幕府の成立へとつながって行った事の例示としてよく取り上げられる。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

As the social structure changed by introducing the system of the ritsuryo legal codes, local ruling families, who were simply the head of a community, became like feudal-lords with private property, and the conventional Jingi belief supported the religious service by a community was in a deadlock. 例文帳に追加

律令制の導入により社会構造が変化し、豪族らが単なる共同体の首長から私的所有地を持つ領主的な性格を持つようになるに伴い、共同体による祭祀に支えられた従来の神祇信仰は行き詰まりを見せた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

There is a view that the Hoken system in its true sense did not exist in Japan, because the Hoken system of feudal lords was just 'the right to collect taxes' (see Shiki system), and there was no private ownership of land and rights of control over the people as serfs in the domain, which were commonly seen in the West. 例文帳に追加

日本の領主の封建制は「税の徴収権」に過ぎず（参照→職の体系）、つまり西欧に見られるような領地の私有と領民への農奴としての隷属的支配権は存在しなかったので、本当の意味の封建制は存在しなかったとする説もある。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Although the political status of the Shimazu clan had fallen to the extremely precarious state as a result of Umekita ikki, the land survey by the administration and the fall of the local lords which was triggered by it actually strengthened the authority of the Shimizu clan as a feudal lord as a result, and in the Keicho Campaign, the Shimizu clan reclaimed its reputation for their distinguished military service. 例文帳に追加

梅北一揆によって島津氏の政治的な立場は極度に悪化したが、検地やそれに伴う国人領主層の没落は結果として島津氏の大名権力を強化する事につながり、慶長の役で軍功をあげ名誉を挽回する契機となった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

In the Sengoku period (period of warring states), the emerging power resulted from the fall of Shugo daimyo (feudal lords) along with gekokujo (an inverted social order when the lowly reigned over the elite), or on the other hand, Sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lord in the Sengoku period) from old Shugo daimyo, who sloughed off the Shugo-ryogoku system (system that a Shugo dominates a manor) and established the government of the domain appeared as new rulers. 例文帳に追加

戦国時代_(日本)に入ると、下剋上による守護大名の没落に伴う新興勢力、あるいは逆に領内支配の確立して守護領国制を脱却した旧守護大名による戦国大名が新たな支配者として浮上する。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Meanwhile, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, who had brought his old enemy Ieyasu TOKUGAWA into subjection to ensure future security, decreed a large-scale mobilization order in February, 1587 for the Kyushu Conquest, and sent a large army of daimyo (Japanese feudal lords) from Kinai (the five capital provinces surrounding the ancient capitals of Nara and Kyoto), Chugoku and Shikoku regions to Kyushu. 例文帳に追加

一方、宿敵の徳川家康を臣従させて後顧の憂いを無くしていた豊臣秀吉は、天正15年（1587年）1月に九州征伐の大動員令を発し、畿内や中国・四国の諸大名による大軍を九州に送り出した。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

When the shogunate government could neither stop feudal lords setting up their residenes in Kyoto against the shogunate order, nor maintain the public order in Kyoto by its own efforts, the reliance on the shogunate government and its authority as well as the trust in the military power of samurai, which was the backbone of the shogunate and domain system, fell rapidly after this defeat. 例文帳に追加

折から幕法に反して京都に藩邸を置く諸大名を制御できず、京都の治安維持さえ独力でおぼつかない幕府と、幕藩体制の根幹である「武士」の武力に対する信頼とその権威は、この敗北によって急速になくなっていった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Under the hierarchy of samurai, farmers, artisans, and merchants (shinokosho), there were discriminated classes called eta and hinin for a long time, and they were given duties which other people were unwilling to do (such as executioners, cleaning), and moreover, they became victims of discrimination policies enacted by feudal lords in order to maintain the shogunate system. 例文帳に追加

士農工商の下には、古くからあった穢多、非人と呼ばれる被差別階級があり、かれらは人の嫌がる仕事（刑死執行人・掃除など）を与えられ、その上、幕藩体制維持のために諸大名より差別政策の犠牲者となった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Regarding the class system, the government advocated equality of all people, abolishing the hierarchy of samurai, farmers, artisans, and merchants under the Edo Shogunate, and changing former samurai class to the warrior class and the rest of classes to commoner class, whereas they gave the privileges of nobility to former court nobles, feudal lords, and some of the Buddhist monks so as to put them under the control of the Ministry of the Imperial Household. 例文帳に追加

身分制度については、江戸幕府下の「士農工商」の別を廃止し、旧武士階級を士族、それ以外を平民とし、「四民平等」を謳う一方、旧公家・大名や一部僧侶などを新たに華族として特権的階級とすると同時に、宮内省の支配の下に置くことになった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Daimyo-gyoretsu which was carried on for public purpose of Edo bakufu such as Sankinkotai had a fixed number of attendants, so even small feudal lords with only ten thousands Goku crop yields were obligated to take fifty to one hundred attendants, and the number of Kaga domain with one million twenty thousands Goku crop yields reached four thousands attendants at its peak. 例文帳に追加

参勤交代などの江戸幕府の公用のために行う大名行列は幕府によって人数が定められており、1万石の小大名でも50人から100人を引き連れることを義務付けられ、102万石の加賀藩では最盛期に4,000人に及んだ。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Also, residences of many daimyo (feudal lords serving the Tokugawa family) were built, and a large number of daimyo's vassals and families, and shogunal bannermen and retainers moved in, followed by the influx of merchants and craftsmen who supported the lives of those people, all of which contributed to the rapid expansion of the town. 例文帳に追加

また、徳川家に服する諸大名の屋敷が設けられ、江戸に居住する大名の家臣・家族や、徳川氏の旗本・御家人近世の御家人などの武士が数多く居住するようになるとともに、彼らの生活を支える商人・職人が流入し、町が急速に拡大した。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

From the end of the 18th century through the beginning of the 19th century, Edo surpassed Kamigata (This is a commonly used term referring to Kyoto and the Kansai region) as a cultural center, and the active traffic of people between Edo and the provinces due to economic activities and the sankinkotai (a system that required feudal lords to reside in Edo every other year) facilitated the active transmission of culture between Edo and the provinces. 例文帳に追加

18世紀末から19世紀初めには、上方にかわる文化的な中心地ともなり、経済活動や参勤交代を通じた江戸を中心とする人の往来は江戸から地方へ、地方から江戸へ盛んな文化の伝播をもたらした。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

After Francis Xavier came to Japan, the number of Christians increased in Kyushu and other regions due to missionaries from Spain and Portugal ardently propagating Christianity, as well as a number of Sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lord in the Sengoku period) and feudal lords during the Edo period becoming followers of Christianity. 例文帳に追加

フランシスコ・ザビエルの日本来航以来、スペインやポルトガルの宣教師の熱心な布教によって、また戦国大名や江戸時代の藩主にもキリスト教を信奉する者が現れたため、キリスト教徒いわゆる切支丹の数は九州を中心に広く拡大した。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

The code was aimed at daimyo (Japanese feudal lords) and the vassals of Tokugawa Family and originally had thirteen articles, but was revised on the shogun's replacement, and Iemitsu TOKUGAWA, the third shogun, added the system of Sankin-kotai (Daimyo's biennial residence in Edo), the ban on building large ships etc. so they finalised version contained nineteen articles ('Kanei rei' (Kanei code)). 例文帳に追加

法度は大名、徳川家家臣を対象として、当初は13ヶ条であったが、将軍の交代とともに改訂され、3代将軍の徳川家光が参勤交代の制度や大船建造の禁などの条文を加え、19ヶ条の定型となる（「寛永令」）。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Meanwhile, the treatment of Omote-yuhitsu was one step lower than Oku-yuhitsu, they did not related to any secrecies but the preparation of Monjo related to general administrative matters such as Hanmotsu (autographic signatures) or Shuinjo(shogunate license to trade), and management of Bugencho (Registers of vassals) of territorial lords and Myobu (identification) of Hatamoto (direct retainers of the Bakufu, which is a form of Japanese feudal government headed by Shogun) or Gokenin (an immediate vasal of the shogunate in the Kamakura and Muromachi through Edo periods). 例文帳に追加

一方、表右筆は待遇は奥右筆よりも一段下がり、機密には関わらず、判物・朱印状などの一般の行政文書の作成や諸大名の分限帳や旗本・御家人などの名簿を管理した。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

However, this proposal was not put into practice because there were arguments for and against within the government; the main reasons for the opposition lied in that at that time it was believed that the authority to impose land tax or not lied in the feudal lords such as daimyo and that it was necessary to conduct a large scale land survey replacing the existing nationwide land survey before getting into the land-tax reform. 例文帳に追加

だが、土地の賦課の是非は大名などの領主の権限と考えられていたこと、従来の検地に代わる大規模な測量の必要性があることから、政府内でも賛否両論があってまとまらなかった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

For that reason, it is said that Sakai was incorporated into Osaka to bring Osaka's size up to the level where it was fit to be called a 'Prefecture,' as it was the smallest in size compared to Kyoto, Tokyo or other peripheral prefectures and as the economy of Osaka had hit the bottom due to bad debts incurred by loans made to Daimyos (feudal lords) in addition to continuous bankruptcies of money-exchange businesses from the abolition of silver grain currencies. 例文帳に追加

そのため、府域が京都、東京や周辺地域と比べて最小で銀目廃止令による両替商の相次ぐ倒産に大名貸の不良債権による大阪経済の地盤沈下もあり大阪府を「府」に相応しい規模にするために行われたと考えられている。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

In the official organizations of Muromachi bakufu and shugo daimyo (shugo, which were Japanese provincial military governors, that became daimyo, which were Japanese feudal lords), Okura bugyo (the magistrate of storehouse) undertook to secure army provisions, but in the Sengoku period (Japan), it became common to place directly-controlled land and invested energy in securing army provisions in peacetime, and prepare konidabugyo (the commissioner of rear-echelon support troops) and, under that, konidatai (caravan of men and animals carrying supplies) in wartime. 例文帳に追加

室町幕府や守護大名の職制では、御蔵奉行が兵糧確保の任務にあたっていたが、戦国時代(日本)には、平時より蔵入地を設置して兵粮確保に力を注ぎ、戦時に際して小荷駄奉行とその下に小荷駄隊を設けるのが一般的となった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Several main daimyo (Japanese feudal lords) who were concerned with that, such as Nariakira SHIMAZU, Yoshinaga MATSUDAIRA, and Nariaki TOKUGAWA, considered that they should put up a shogun who could deal with crises and attempted to back up Yoshinobu HITOTSUBASHI, a real son of Nariaki, as shogun, with a support of roju Masahiro ABE. 例文帳に追加

これを憂慮した島津斉彬・松平慶永・徳川斉昭ら有力な大名は大事に対応できる将軍を擁立すべきであると考えて斉昭の実子である一橋慶喜擁立に動き、老中阿部正弘もこれに加担した。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Fukuoka's draft was corrected by Takayoshi KIDO of Choshu Domain, Iwakura and Sanetomi SANJO to say "Deliberate assemblies shall be widely established", and its form was also changed from the pledge of feudal lords of domains into the declaration of national policies by the Emperor and his vassals, to be finally announced as the Charter Oath of Five Articles. 例文帳に追加

福岡の草案は長州藩の木戸孝允や岩倉・三条実美らの手により「広ク会議ヲ興シ」と修正され、形式も諸藩の会盟から天皇以下諸臣が国是を誓うという形式となり、五箇条の御誓文として発せられた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Hideyoshi, who was from a family of ordinary commoner and had no hereditary vassals of the family, tried to strengthen his reign as the head of the uji no choja (the head) of the Toyotomi clan, by granting the name of the 'Toyotomi' or his myoji (family name) 'Hashiba' to those influential daimyo (feudal lords) and samurai families, when he appointed them to a certain government post. 例文帳に追加

凡下平民の出自でこれといった一門衆家臣団を持たない秀吉は、有力家臣である大名や武家に任官の際に豊臣姓や羽柴の名字を与え、自らは豊臣氏の氏長者となることで統治しようとした。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

In Tibetan, Buddhist sutras were for a long time widely distributed as manuscripts in order to reveal religious devotion, but in 1410 Emperor Yongle of China's Ming dynasty ordered the carving of wooden blocks of the Tripitaka as souvenirs for Tibetan feudal lords and religious associations that sent messengers to China; this custom was incorporated into Tibet and subsequently led to the carving of various Buddhist sutras. 例文帳に追加

チベットでは、経典は、信仰心を著わすものとしてながらく写本で流布していたが、中国の明朝の永楽帝は中国に使者を派遣するチベット諸侯や教団への土産として、1410年木版による大蔵経を開版、この習慣がチベットにも取り入れられ、以後、何種類かが開版されることになった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Kokujin is a general term used for the shokan (an officer governing shoen), gunji (district chief), goji (hamlet chief), and hoshi (chief of imperial fief) ranks who became managers of shoen (manor in medieval Japan) and kokugaryo (territories governed by provincial government office) under the late dynasty state system established in the middle of the Heian period, and the feudal lords in the province who belong to the family tree of the jito since the Kamakura period who often originated from there, and is a term used for documentation at that time. 例文帳に追加

国人は、平安時代中期に成立した後期王朝国家体制の下で荘園と国衙領の管理者となった荘官・郡司・郷司・保司の階層や、そこに出自することの多かった鎌倉時代以降の地頭の系譜を引く在国の領主の一般的呼称で、同時代的に使われた資料用語である。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

In historical science after the war, akuto was positioned among feudal lords, but when Yoshihiko AMINO, Shinichi SATO, etc. introduced a picture of medieval history focused on craftsmen and entertainers whose social foundations were not agricultural, akuto was discussed in connection with them, and from the end of the 20th century, Ichiro KAIZU and others were attempting to position akuto in the context of social change such as genko and Tokuseirei (ordering return of land sold and dissolution of debts). 例文帳に追加

戦後の歴史学において、悪党は封建領主のなかで位置づけられていたが、網野善彦、佐藤進一らが社会的基盤を農業以外に置く手工業民や芸能民などに着目した中世史像を提示すると、悪党の存在もそれらと関連付けて論じられるようになり、20世紀末からは海津一朗らによって元寇や徳政令等の社会変動における悪党の位置づけが試みられている。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Subsequently, during the Edo period, kakubetsu gosho (a special title of gosho) was allowed to the Kitsuregawa clan, who was regarded as a descendant of shogun families of the Muromachi bakufu, while yakata-go titles were licensed to the others such as gosanke (three privileged branches of Tokugawa family) of Owari Clan, Kishu Clan and Mito Clan, and other prominent shinpan (relatives of the Tokugawa family), as well as kyuzoku daimyo (feudal lords with ancestral status of shugo from the Muromachi period) including Shimazu clan of the Satsuma Clan, Satake clan of the Akita Clan and Uesugi clan of the Yonezawa Clan. 例文帳に追加

後、江戸時代にあっては、室町幕府将軍家の末裔とされた喜連川氏には格別御所を許し、他は尾張藩、紀州藩、水戸藩などの御三家並びに有力な親藩、並びに室町時代の守護の格式にあった旧族大名(薩摩藩(島津氏)、秋田藩(佐竹氏)、米沢藩(上杉氏)など）に屋形号を免許している。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

As states gradually changed into bigger political systems beyond the average person's understanding, feudalism was disolved by the pressure to organize; however, many lords partially preserved their autonomies and engaged in various industries in their regions, so there was a deep-seated aspect that prosperity or poverty in a region depended upon a feudal lord. 例文帳に追加

後に領主は国という形態が自己組織化の圧力もあって、次第に極大で各々の民衆の想像を絶するほどの政治的システムに変化する過程で取り込まれていったが、その多くは幾らかの自治権を保持し続け、地域の様々な産業に関与、地域の繁栄も困窮も領主の腹一つで決まる部分も根強く残った。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

In 'Employment bylaw of Kyujo nyokan (court lady in the place where Emperor lives)' in the early Taisho period, it was described that when higher ranked court ladies such as Naishi no suke and Gon no naishi no suke are adopted, 'they should be selected from daughters of former tosho, former lords among peerage', so they were selected from kuge and Daimyo family (feudal lord family) before the Meiji restoration among the peerage (however, for the lower ranked court lady, woman who was not from the peerage was allowed to work in the palace only in her generation depending on her ability). 例文帳に追加

大正初期の「宮城女官採用内規」には典侍、権典侍などの宮中上級女官の採用には「旧堂上旧諸侯華族子女のうちより選抜」とあり、華族であっても明治維新前の公家や大名家から選ぶことになっていた（ただし下級女官については能力によって、華族出身でなくても一代に限り出仕することが許されていた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

In addition, 'Oda Danjonojo family' which Nobunaga came from was the Oda Yamato no Kami family who was assigned to the Shugodai (deputy of Shugo, provincial constable) of the south four counties (Kaito, Kaisei, Aichi and Chita Counties) by the Shiba clan who was shugo daimyo (shugo, which were Japanese provincial military governors, that became daimyo, which were Japanese feudal lords) in the Owari Province, that is, the branch family of Kiyosu Oda family and the lord of Furuwatari-jo Castle as same as its senior vassal, i.e., one of the three magistrates of Kiyosu. 例文帳に追加

なお、信長の生まれた「織田弾正忠家」は、尾張国の守護大名・斯波氏の被官、下四郡（海東郡・海西郡・愛知郡・知多郡）の守護代に補任された織田大和守家、即ち清洲織田家の分家にして同家重臣たる清洲三奉行・古渡城主の家柄であった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Yodo insisted that the Restoration of Imperial Rule, which he had attended and approved of himself, was a conspiracy by certain court nobles such as Tomomi IWAKURA, and Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA, and that being invited to the meeting was unfair; he insisted this because the Restoration of Imperial Rule was fundamentally against his original theory to resolve the situation using a council of feudal lords (i.e., protecting the Tokugawa clan). 例文帳に追加

容堂は、自分自身直接会議に参加して認めていた王政復古(日本)を、それまでの自分の持論であった列侯会議路線すなわち徳川宗家温存路線と根本的に反するが故に、岩倉具視ら一部公卿による陰謀と決め付け、大政奉還の功労者である徳川慶喜がこの会議に呼ばれていないのは不当であるなどと主張した。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

After serving as an officer of the Osaka-jo Castle and the Nijo-jo Castle, he became one of the Guards of Osaka-jo Castle on August 14, 1648 to be provided 10,000 koku, in addition to 7,000 koku which he already had, in Settsu Province such as in Arima County and Kawabe County (Hyogo Prefecture), and Nose County and Teshima County and, as a result of that, he became a daimyo (Japanese feudal lord) of 17,000 koku to be counted among lords and founded the Iino Domain. 例文帳に追加

その後、大坂城や二条城の在番を務め、慶安元年（1648年）6月26日、7000石を領していた正貞は大坂定番となって摂津国有馬郡・川辺郡(兵庫県)・能勢郡・豊島郡(摂津国)などにおいて1万石を加増されたことから、1万7000石の大名として諸侯に列し、ここに飯野藩を立藩した。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

In December 1861, he needed time for preparing to carry out a troops dispatch plan formulated by Hisamitsu aiming at the reform of Edo bakufu (later this led to the Bunkyu Reform), and he was obliged to take a tricky measure by the order of the domain; that is to set fire to the Satsuma Domain's own residence maintained in Edo in order to delay the period of Sankinkotai (a system under which feudal lords in the Edo period were required to spend every other year in residence in Edo) for domain lord Tadayoshi SHIMAZU. 例文帳に追加

文久元年（1861年）12月、江戸幕府改革を目指した久光の出兵計画（後に文久の改革に繋がる）の準備のための時間稼ぎを行う必要があり、藩主島津忠義の参勤交代を遅らせるための奇策として、国元からの指示で江戸藩邸を自焼させた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

In the tumultuous years of the Muromachi period and the Sengoku period (period of warring states) (Japan), there was a tremendous increase in agricultural production, but because all Japan had become a jigsaw puzzle made up of nodes of local authority who went through an endless cycle of prosperity and decline, and because the period also saw many feudal lords begin to declare their independence, it became extremely difficult to keep track of the true total agricultural productivity even on the land within one's own jurisdiction. 例文帳に追加

室町・戦国時代(日本)の混乱時代、農業生産高は爆発的に増加したが、各地にモザイクのように存在する割拠勢力はそれぞれ消長を繰り返し、また支配下にも多くの自立領主がいるため、自領の実質総農業生産高を把握するのも困難であった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

For example, according to "Kaitoshokokuki" (literally, descriptions of various countries across the sea) written by Sukchu SIN, a secretary of the envoy dispatched in 1428, the survey included 15 items including the following: identifying base-places of wako together with a request of prohibiting wako (Japanese pirates) actions, observing Japan's power, such as relationships among wako, shugo daimyo (shugo, which were Japanese provincial military governors, that became daimyo, which were Japanese feudal lords), dominant Kokujin (local samurai) and local clans, states of progress in urban areas, and monetary policies, and checking the states of progress of Buddhism in Japan. 例文帳に追加

例えば1428年（正長元年）派遣の使節に同行した書記官の申叔舟が著した『海東諸国紀』によると、倭寇禁圧要請と併せて倭寇の根拠地の特定、倭寇と守護大名、有力国人、土豪との関係、都市部の発展状況や通貨政策など国力状況の観察、日本での仏教の展開状況をはじめ15項目の調査内容があったという。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Since the middle of the Edo period, however, the decline of castle towns had been given stark expression in the development of port towns and post towns, the influx of capitalism into agricultural communities, such as the cultivation of cotton, one of readily redeemable goods, and bankruptcies of the merchants due to the excessive financial contribution to feudal lords (daimyo), (which might be the biggest cause of the decline). 例文帳に追加

しかし、江戸時代中期に入り港町や宿場町などの発展、換金性の高い綿が栽培され始めるなど農村部に資本主義が流入され、また（これが最も大きいのだろうが）大名への献金が過重になり過ぎて商家の一部がつぶれるなど、城下町の衰退が目立つようになった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

At that time, Takayoshi KIDO changed 'setting up a council by feudal lords' in the first article of Fukuoka's draft to 'setting up deliberative assemblies widely' and deleted the article 5 which restricted the term of 'choshi' (official) and added newly the article 4 of Kido's final draft and put the order of the whole five articles in proper order and the contents became more universal by those big changes. 例文帳に追加

その際、木戸孝允は、福岡案第一条の「列侯会議を興し」を「広ク会議ヲ興シ」に改め、「徴士」の任用期間を制限していた福岡案第五条を削除して木戸最終案第四条を新たに組み込み、五箇条の順序を体裁良く整え直すなどして大幅に変更を加え、より普遍的な内容にした。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

In the midst of the political turmoil including an intensification of the Sonno Joi movement (the movement advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners) caused by the change from the national isolation to the opening of the country to the world as well as the dispute over shogun's successor between the Hitotsubashi group (which supported Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA) and the Nanki group (which supported Yoshitomi TOKUGAWA), the enlightened and farsighted daimyo (Japanese feudal lords) had been advocating the necessity of the political reform of the bakufu. 例文帳に追加

幕政の改革は、鎖国体制から開国への移行に伴う尊王攘夷運動の激化、将軍継嗣問題を巡る一橋派・南紀派の対立などの政治的混乱の中で、薩摩藩主・島津斉彬や越前藩主松平慶永ら、開明的な大名らの間ではつとに必要性を叫ばれていた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

As for all kinds of Daimyo (Japanese feudal lord), Mito Tokugawa family (Mito Domain) who were obligated to live permanently in Edo by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA and lords of domains (mainly fudai daimyo [a daimyo in hereditary vassal to the Tokugawa family]) who held public posts of Edo bakufu including roju (member of shogun's council of elders), wakadoshiyori (a managerial position in Edo bakufu), and jisha-bugyo (magistrate of temples and shrines) and stationed at Edo-jo Castle were of course Jofu because they needed to live permanently in Edo. 例文帳に追加

諸大名にあっては、徳川家康によって江戸定住が定められていた水戸徳川家（水戸藩）と、老中・若年寄・寺社奉行など江戸幕府の公職にあって江戸城に詰めている藩主（主に譜代大名）は、江戸に定住する必要性があったので、当然に定府となる。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

A vassal who was given chigyo was called 'jito', but unlike the jito of the medieval period, he had an obligation to live in a rural castle town (hatamoto and gokenin were obliged to live in Edo) except when he had some official duties (as an exceptional case, sankin-kotai [a system under which feudal lords in the Edo period were required to spend every other year in residence in Edo] was exercised in Sendai Domain, and vassals had to live alternately in chigyo-chi and Sendai castle town alternately). 例文帳に追加

知行を受けた家臣を「地頭」とは呼ばれているが、中世の地頭とは違って職務上の必要による例外を除けば、城下町（旗本・御家人の場合は江戸）に在住する義務を負っていた（例外として、仙台藩では各家臣が仙台城下町と知行地との間を参勤交代していた）。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

In Keicho era (1596-1615), 16,000 kan (unit of weight) of silver was contributed to ginza (history)(organization in charge of casting and appraising of silver during Edo period), but in 1694 when silver production in Japan was reduced, total cupellated silver contributed to ginza was 5,090 kan in total including 1,973 kan of kogi (shogunate) cupellated silver and 3,297 kan of kai (buying) cupellated silver from feudal lords, and in the latter period when the form was regulated,.the remaining amount of silver declined in accordance with the production amount. 例文帳に追加

慶長期は銀座(歴史)へ年間16,000貫程度の寄銀があったのに対し、日本国内の産銀が減少した後の元禄7年（1694年）には銀座に納入された灰吹銀が1,973貫、買灰吹銀3,297の計5,090貫程度となっており、形式が規格化された後期のほうが産銀量に伴い現存数が少ない。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

In addition, hatamoto also included surviving vassals of the Gohojo clan and of the Takeda clan, and the Akamatsu clan, the Hatakeyama clan, the Bessho clan, the Hojo clan, the Togashi clan, the Mogami clan, the Yamana clan, the Takeda clan, the Imagawa clan, the Otomo clan, the Oda clan, the Kanamori clan, the Takigawa clan, the Tsutsui clan, the Toki clan, and the direct descendant families of and the branch families of Masanori FUKUSHIMA, all of whom were a daimyo family, the person succeeding the name of daimyo whose properties had been confiscated, a noble family that was a powerful clan in a remote area and could not become a daimyo, a former daimyo in the Sengoku period, or a shugo daimyo (shugo, which were Japanese provincial military governors, that became daimyo, which were Japanese feudal lords). 例文帳に追加

ほかに後北条氏、武田氏、今川氏の遺臣、大名の一族や、改易大名の名跡を継ぐ者、遠隔地の豪族で大名になりきれなかった名族、かつて戦国大名や、守護大名などであった赤松氏、畠山氏、別所氏、北条、富樫氏、最上氏、山名氏、武田、今川、大友氏、織田氏、金森氏、滝川氏、筒井氏、土岐氏、福島正則の嫡流、庶流の末裔などから構成されている。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス