cantとは

意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• enPR: kănt, IPA^(key): /kænt/
• 韻: -ænt
• Homophone: can't (米国発音), Homophone: Kant (in anglicized pronunciation)

語源 1

From Latin cantō probably via Old Northern French canter (“sing, tell”)^[1][2]. Doublet of chant.

名詞

cant (usually uncountable, 複数形 cants)

1. (countable) An argot, the jargon of a particular class or subgroup.

   Synonyms: argot, jargon, slang

   He had the look of a prince, but the cant of a fishmonger.

   • 1836, Three discourses preached before the Congregational Society in Watertown, page 65

     I am aware that the phrase free inquiry has become too much a cant phrase soiled by the handling of the ignorant and the reckless by those who fall into the mistake of supposing that religion has its root in the understanding and by those who can see just far enough to doubt and no further.

2. (countable, uncountable) A private or secret language used by a religious sect, gang, or other group.

   Synonyms: argot, jargon, slang

3. A language spoken by some Irish Travellers; Shelta.
4. (uncountable, derogatory) Empty, hypocritical talk.

   People claim to care about the poor of Africa, but it is largely cant.

   • 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, Book IV ch iv

     He is too well grounded for all your philosophical cant to hurt.

   • 1759-1770, Laurence Sterne, The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy

     Of all the cants which are canted in this canting world — though the cant of hypocrites may be the worst — the cant of criticism is the most tormenting!

5. (uncountable) Whining speech, such as that used by beggars.
6. (countable, heraldry) A blazon of a coat of arms that makes a pun upon the name (または, less often, some attribute または function) of the bearer, canting arms.
7. (obsolete) A call for bidders at a public fair; an auction.
   • 1729, Jonathan Swift, The Intelligencer, number 19:

     […] but numbers of these tenants or their descendants are now offering to sell their leases by cant,

8. (uncountable) Discourse characterised by moral hypocrisy.

関連する語

動詞

cant (三人称単数 現在形 cants, 現在分詞 canting, 過去形および過去分詞形 canted)

1. (intransitive) To speak with the jargon of a class or subgroup.
   • 1631, Ben Jonson, The Staple of News, Act IV, scene iv:

     The doctor here, I will proceed with the learned. / When he discourseth of dissection, / Or of any point of anatomy; that he tells you / Of vena cava and of vena porta, / The meseraicks, and the mesenterium: / What does he else but cant?

   • 1854, Robert Sanderson, “The case of the liturgy”, in The Works of Robert Sanderson, D.D., Sometime Bishop of Lincoln‎^[1], volume 5, page 56:

     […] that uncouth affected garb of speech, or canting language rather, if I may so call it

2. (intransitive) To speak in set phrases.
3. (intransitive) To preach in a singsong fashion, especially in a false or empty manner.
   • 1812 [1612], Francis Beaumont and John Fletcher, “Cupid's Revenge”, in Henry Weber, editor, The Works of Beaumont and Fletcher‎^[2], Act IV, scene i, page 463:

     If he prove not yet / The cunning’st, rankest rogue that ever canted, / I’ll ne’er see man again!

   • 1765, Catherine Jemmat, The Memoirs of Mrs. Catherine Jemmat, Daughter of the Late Admiral Yeo, of Plymouth. Written by Herself, volume I, 2nd edition, London: Printed for the author, at Charing-Cross, OCLC 316667080, page 145:

     [S]he was one of your ſoft ſpoken, canting, whining hypocrites, who with a truly jeſuitical art, could wreſt evil out of the moſt inoffenſive thought, word, look or action; […]

4. (intransitive, heraldry) Of a blazon, to make a pun that references the bearer of a coat of arms.
5. (obsolete) To sell by auction, or bid at an auction.

   1720, Jonathan Swift, A Proposal for the Use of Irish Manufacture:

   […] labouring with all their might for preventing the bishops from letting their revenues at a moderate half value […] at the very instant, when they were every where canting their own land upon short leases, and sacrificing their oldest tenants for a penny an acre advance.

参考

• jargon
• sociolect

語源 2

From Middle English cant (“edge, brink”), from Middle Dutch cant (“point, side, edge”) (Modern Dutch kant (“side, edge”)), ultimately of Celtic or Latin origin. Related to Medieval Latin cantus (“corner, side”), from Latin canthus.

名詞

cant (複数形 cants)

1. (obsolete) Side, edge, corner, niche.

   Under the cant of a hill.

   • (Can we date this quote by Ben Jonson かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     The first and principal person in the temple was Irene, or Peace; she was placed aloft in a cant.

2. Slope, the angle at which something is set.
   • 1881–1882, Robert Louis Stevenson, “‘Pieces of Eight’”, in Treasure Island, London; Paris: Cassell & Company, Limited, published 14 November 1883, OCLC 702939134, part V (My Sea Adventure), page 218:

     Owing to the cant of the vessel, the masts hung far out over the water, and from my perch on the cross-trees I had nothing below me but the surface of the bay.

3. A corner (of a building).

   Synonym: corner

4. An outer or external angle.
5. An inclination from a horizontal or vertical line; a slope or bevel; a tilt.

   Synonyms: bevel, slope, tilt

   (Can we find かつ add a quotation of Totten to this entry?)

6. A movement or throw that overturns something.
   • 1830, The Edinburgh Encyclopedia, volume 3, page 621

     It is not only of great service in keeping the boat in her due position on the sea, but also in creating a tendency immediately to recover from any sudden cant, or lurch, from a heavy wave; and it is besides beneficial in diminishing the violence of beating against the sides of the vessel which she may go to relieve.

7. A sudden thrust, push, kick, or other impulse, producing a bias or change of direction; also, the bias or turn so given.

   to give a ball a cant

8. (coopering) A segment forming a side piece in the head of a cask.

   (Can we find かつ add a quotation of Knight to this entry?)

9. A segment of the rim of a wooden cogwheel.

   (Can we find かつ add a quotation of Knight to this entry?)

10. (nautical) A piece of wood laid upon the deck of a vessel to support the bulkheads.

関連する語

• cantilever

動詞

cant (三人称単数 現在形 cants, 現在分詞 canting, 過去形および過去分詞形 canted)

1. (transitive) To set (something) at an angle.

   to cant a cask; to cant a ship

2. (transitive) To give a sudden turn or new direction to.

   to cant round a stick of timber; to cant a football

3. (transitive) To bevel an edge or corner.
4. (transitive) To overturn so that the contents are emptied.

語源 3

Unknown, but compare Provençal cantel (“corner, piece”) or Old Northern French cantel (“piece broken off”).^[3] The verb is attested from the 15th century,^[4] and the noun from the 16th.^[3]

動詞

cant (三人称単数 現在形 cants, 現在分詞 canting, 過去形および過去分詞形 canted)

1. (transitive, obsolete) To divide or parcel out.

名詞

cant (複数形 cants)

1. (regional, forestry) A parcel, a division.

語源 4

From Middle English cant, kaunt, presumably from Middle Low German *kant. Compare Dutch kant (“neat, clever”). Attested from the 13th or 14th century.^[5]

別の表記

• kant

形容詞

cant (not comparable)

1. (Britain, dialectal) Lively, lusty.

参照

Further reading

• Cant (language) on Wikipedia.

アナグラム

• NCTA, T-Can

アナグラム

• NCTA

発音

• (General Australian) enPR: känt, IPA^(key): /kaːnt/, [kʰäːnt]
  • (Received 発音, some 米国発音 speakers) enPR: känt, IPA^(key): /kɑːnt/, [kʰɑːnt]
    • 韻: -ɑːnt
  • (Scotland, Ireland, Northern England) enPR: känt
  • (most 米国発音 speakers, Canada, some Irish speakers) enPR: kănt, IPA^(key): /kænt/, /kæn(ʔ)/
    • (æ-tensing) IPA^(key): [kʰeənt]
    • 韻: -ænt
  • (Southern American English) IPA^(key): [kʰeɪnt]
    • 韻: -eɪnt
  • 異形同音異義語: cant, Kant (in some dialects)

動詞

can't

1. Cannot (negative auxiliary^[3]); is unable to; does not have the ability to.

   I can’t quite get it to work.

2. Is forbidden to; is not permitted to.

   You can’t enter the hall without a ticket.

3. Often with be: is logically impossible.

   The butler can’t be the murderer because he was in London that evening.

   • 1750, W[illiam] Ellis, The Country Housewife's Family Companion: Or Profitable Directions for Whatever Relates to the Management and Good Œconomy of the Domestick Concerns of a Country Life, According to the Present Practice of the Country Gentleman's, the Yeoman's, the Farmer's, &c. Wives, in the Counties of Hertford, Bucks, and Other Parts of England: Shewing how Great Savings may be Made in Housekeeping: [...] With Variety of Curious Matters [...] The Whole Founded on Near Thirty Years Experience, London: Printed for James Hodges, at the Looking-glass, facing St. Magnus Church, London-Bridge; and B. Collins, bookseller, at Salisbury, OCLC 837728611, page 157:

     To make Capons […] [S]ome for this Purpoſe make it their Buſineſs after Harveſt-time to go to Markets for buying up Chickens, and between Michaelmas and All-hollantide caponize the Cocks, when they have got large enough to have Stones [i.e., testes] of ſuch a Bigneſs that they may be pulled out; for if they are too little, it can't be done; […]

使用する際の注意点

• Some US dialects that glottalize the final /t/ in can’t (/kæn(ʔ)/), in order to differentiate can’t from can, pronounce can as /kɛn/ even when stressed.

反意語

• be able to, can,
• Sense 2 and 3 only - must, have to

参考

• Appendix:English modal verbs
• Appendix:English tag questions

参照

アナグラム

• NCTA, T-Can