英和和英

読み方 かかる

自他動

1

（＝ぶらさがる）to hang; to be hung

用例

• 壁に地図が掛かっている
  A map hangs on the wall.

• 壁に鉄砲がかかっている
  A gun hangs against the wall.
• 釘に帽子がかかっている
  A hat hangs on the peg.
• 机の上にランプがかかっている
  A lamp hang over the table.
• 門に看板がかかっている
  A signboard hangs over the door.
• 君の帽子は帽子掛けにかかっている
  Your hat hangs on the peg.
• 西の空に新月がかかっている
  The new moon hangs in the western sky.
• 壁に額がかかっている
  （額を主とすれば）A picture hangs on the wall―（壁を主とすれば）―The wall is hung with pictures.
• 床の間に掛け物がかかっている
  A scroll hangs in the alcove
  The alcove is hung with a scroll.
• 窓に幕がかかっている
  The window is hung with a curtain.
• 頂上に雲がかかっている
  A cloud hangs over the summit.
• 月に雲がかかっている
  The moon is behind a cloud.
• 太陽に雲がかかっている
  The sun is obscured （by a cloud）.

2

（＝寄り掛かる）to lean （against the wall ―on a desk）; to bear （against the wall ―on the posts）

用例

• 椅子に掛かる
  to sit on a chair―sit in a chair

• 屋根に梯子が掛かっている
  A ladder stands against the roof.
• 肩にかかる
  to lie on one's shoulders―rest on one's shoulders―fall on one's shoulders
• 全責任が僕の双肩にかかる
  The whole responsibility rests on my shoulders.
• 入費が皆僕にかかる
  All the expenses fall on me.
• 親が死ぬと借金が子どもにかかる
  When a father dies, his debts devolve on his son.
• 負担は各階級に一様にかかる
  The weight of taxation bears equally on all classes.

3

（＝たよる）to depend on （something）; to hang on （something）

用例

• 彼はまだ親にかかっている
  He is still dependent on his father.

• 未亡人は行く末あの男の子にかかるつもりだ
  The widow intends to depend on her boy in her old age
  She looks to her boy for support in her old age.
• 我が国の運は青年諸子の将来の努力にかかっている
  The destiny of the nation depends upon your future efforts, young men!
• 彼の生命は一にかかって君の判決にあり
  His life hangs upon your decision.

4

（＝引っかかる）to catch; to be caught

用例

• 凧が電線にかかった
  The kite has caught on a telegraph wire.

• 死体は橋杭にかかっていた
  The body was caught on a pile.
• 釘に着物がかかった
  A nail caught my clothes
  My clothes caught on a nail.
• 網にかかる
  to be caught in a net
• 魚が網にかかる
  Fish are caught in a net.
• 法網にかかる
  to fall into the clutches of the law―fall into the meshes of the law
• 係蹄｛わな｝にかかる
  to fall into a trap―fall into a snare
• 鍵がかからぬ
  The key will not catch.

5

（＝陥る）to fall into （a trap, etc.）

用例

• 敵の計略にかかる
  to fall into a snare―walk into a trap

• 悪計にかかる
  to fall a victim to a scheme
• 君は悪漢の計略にかかったのだ
  You have fallen a victim to the schemes of a knave.

6

（＝係わる）to relate to （anything）; to concern （one）; to affect （anything）

用例

• この関係代名詞は何にかかのるか
  What does this relative pronoun relate to?

• これをしなけりゃ僕の面目にかかわる（顔に係る、名誉に関する）
  It concerns my honour―It is a point of honour with me―to do this.
• これは首にかかる問題だ
  The matter concerns my life
  It is a hanging matter
  It is a life-or-death question.
• 命にかかる
  to concern one's life―endanger one's life
• 命にかかる病だ
  It is a fatal disease.
• この病は命にはかからぬ
  The disease is not fatal.
• 命にかかる傷だ
  It is a mortal wound―（けがなら）―a fatal injury.
• 国民一般にかかる問題だ
  The question concerns the whole nation.
• 海運は国運にかかる
  Marine transportation affects the national prosperity.

7

（＝取り掛かる）to set about （one's task）; to go to work; to fall to work; to set to work; to turn to work; to proceed to business; to begin （doing something）; to be going to （do something）; to be about to （do something）; to be engaged in （some work）; to be occupied with （some work）; to be engaged on （a new work）; to have （a work） in hand

用例

• もう普請にかかっている
  They have begun building the house.

• 早速仕事にかかろう
  I will set about my task at once.
• 早速議事にかかります
  We shall proceed to business at once.
• 朝起きるとすぐ仕事にかかる
  I go to work―set to work―turn to work―as soon as I get up.
• 彼は著述にかかっている
  He is engaged in literary work―occupied with literary work.
• 字書の編纂にかかっている
  He is engaged in compiling a dictionary―occupied in compiling a dictionary.
• 新著述にかかっている
  He is engaged on a new work
  He has a new work in hand.
• その仕事にはまだかかっていない
  The work is not yet in hand.
• この本を読みかかっている
  I am going to read this book―about to read this book.
• その人は死にかかっていた
  He was dying
  He lay at the point of death.
• 花は開きかかっている
  The flowers are opening.
• 本は今印刷にかかっている
  The book is printing―in the press.
• 大工は今屋根にかかっている
  The carpenters are working at the roof.
• その仕事に十人かかっている
  Ten men are engaged on the work.
• 大勢かかってやっと仕事をし終った
  The work has at last been completed among many men―by the united efforts of many men.
• たすきがけでかかる
  to buckle to one's task
• 茶にしてかかる
  to trifle with one's task―make light of one's task

8

（＝要する）to require （trouble）; to take （time or men）; to cost （money or labour）; to involve （expense）

用例

• どのくらい日数（年数）がかかるか
  How long will it take?

• いくら金がかかるか
  What will it cost?
• 一文もかからぬ
  It will cost you nothing.
• 何人かかるか
  How many men will it take?
• この船を操縦するのに何人かかるか
  How many men does it take to work this ship?
• 英語を修めるに十年かかる
  It takes ten years to master English.
• 僕は英語を修めるに十年かかった
  It took me ten years to master English
  I took ten years to master English
  I was ten years in mastering English.
• そんな家を造るには一万円はかかる
  Such a house will cost 10,000 yen.
• この家は一万円かかった
  This house cost me 10,000 yen.
• この本を書くのに三年かかった
  It took me three years to write this book
  The book cost me three years' labour.
• 戦争をすると金がかかる
  War costs money.
• 訴訟を起こすと入費がかかる
  A lawsuit involves expense.
• 訴訟は手数がかかる
  A lawsuit requires much trouble.
• 旅行は費用がかかる
  Travelling involves expense
  Travelling is expensive.
• 費用はいくらかかっても洋行する
  I will go abroad whatever it may cost―cost what it may―regardless of expense.
• 軍艦を造るには莫大の金がかかる
  Warships cost enormous sums of money.
• よほど手のかかった品だ
  The article must have cost a great deal of labour.
• 君の病気は今月いっぱいかかる
  It will take you all this month to recover from your illness.
• この病気は長くかかる
  It takes long to recover from this disease
  It is a lingering disease.
• 彼は全快するにはまだ暫くかかる
  It will take him some time to get well―（と言うよりも普通）―It will be some time before he gets well.
• 全快までには二三週間はかかる（二三週間経たなけりゃ全快せぬ）
  It will be some weeks before he gets well.
• 僕のところは学校へ五分かからぬ
  I live within five minutes' walk of the school.

9

用例

• 病にかかる
  to be taken ill―be seized with an illness―be attacked with a disease―contract a disease

• 病にかかっている
  I am suffering from an illness―afflicted with a disease―troubled with a disease.
• 誰か急病にかかった
  Somebody was suddenly taken ill―seized with a sudden illness.
• 彼は洋行中病気にかかった
  He was taken ill―seized with an illness―while abroad.
• 肺炎にかかった
  He was attacked with pneumonia.
• 今肺炎にかかっている
  He has an attack of pneumonia
  He is suffering from pneumonia.
• 流行性感冒にかかった
  I was attacked with influenza.
• 流行性感冒にかかっている
  I have an attack of influenza
  I am suffering from influenza.
• 流行性感冒にかかって寝ている
  I am laid up with an attack of influenza.
• 流行性感冒にかかっている者がたくさんある
  Many people are suffering from influenza
  There are many cases of influenza.
• 風邪にかかった
  I took cold―caught cold.
• 風邪にかかっている
  I have a cold.
• 熱病にかかった
  I caught a fever―sickened of a fever.
• 熱病にかかっている
  I have a fever―I am suffering from a fever―ill with a fever.
• 子どもが麻疹にかかった
  The child caught the measles.
• 麻疹にかかっている
  He has the measles.
• 疱瘡にかかった
  He was attacked with the smallpox.
• 疱瘡にかかっている
  He has an attack of the smallpox.
• 疱瘡にかかって治ったばかりだ
  He has just recovered from an attack of the smallpox.
• 泥水を飲んで赤痢にかかった者がある
  Some people were attacked with dysentery from drinking muddy water.
• 彼は肺病にかかっている
  He is suffering from consumption―afflicted with consumption.
• 僕は不眠症にかかっている
  I am suffering from insomnia―troubled with insomnia.
• 微恙にかかっている
  I am slightly indisposed.
• 彼は満洲でその病気にかかって来た
  He contracted the disease in Manchuria.
• 卒中にかかった
  He was stricken with apoplexy
  He had a stroke of apoplexy.
• 病にかかりやすい
  to be sensitive to diseases―susceptible to diseases
• 肺病にかかりやすい体質の人がある
  Some constitutions are predisposed to consumption
  Some men are of consumptive diathesis.
• 病にかかって倒れる
  to die of a disease―succumb to a disease―fall a prey to a disease
• 流行性感冒にかかって倒れた者がたくさんある
  Many people succumbed to influenza.
• 病にかからぬ
  to be proof against diseases―immune from a disease
• 平生養生すれば病にかからぬ
  Be careful of your health, and you will escape illness―keep the doctor away.

10

用例

• 医者にかかる
  to consult a doctor―have a doctor―see the doctor―take medical advice―receive medical treatment

• 医者にかかっている
  I am under the treatment of a doctor―under medical treatment.
• 歯医者にかかっている
  I am under the hands of a dentist.
• 医者にかかったか
  Have you had a doctor?
• 早速医者にかかるがよい
  You ought to see the doctor at once
  You ought to lose no time in taking medical advice.
• 僕は病気の時佐藤博士にかかった
  I was under the treatment of Dr. Sato in my illness.
• あの医者にかかっても少しもよくならない
  I am none the better for his treatment.
• 医者にかかるほどの病気でない
  My illness does not need medical treatment.

11

用例

• 彼は人手にかかって死んだ
  He died by the hand of his enemy.

• 刃にかかって倒れた
  He fell beneath the sword.
• 彼らは日本兵の銃剣にかかって倒れた
  They fell beneath the Japanese bayonet.
• 彼は刺客の毒手にかかった
  He fell a victim to the dagger of an assassin―became the victim of an assassin.
• あの人間の手にかかってはたいへんだ
  It would be death to fall into his hands―to place yourself in his power.
• 小高利貸の手にかかった
  I fell into the clutches of a usurer.
• 彼は悪者どもの手にかかって所持金をまき上げられた
  He fell among thieves, and was done out of his money.
• 男はあの女の手にかかっては赤ん坊あしらいだ
  A man is a baby in her hands.
• 皆試験官の手にかかる
  All are handed over to the tender mercies of the examiner.

12

用例

• 河に橋が架かる
  A bridge is built over a river―thrown across a river.

• 河に橋が架かっている
  There is a bridge over the river
  There is a bridge across the river
  A bridge crosses the river
  A bridge spans the river
  The river is spanned by a bridge
  The river is bridged.

13

用例

• 鉄道がかかる
  A railway is laid.

• ここへも今に鉄道がかかります
  A railway will be extended here very soon
  The place will soon be brought into railway communication.

14

用例

• 税がかかる
  A tax is laid on an article―imposed on an article.

• 酒やタバコには重い税がかかる
  Heavy taxes are imposed on wine and tobacco.
• 税は各階級に一様にかかる
  The weight of taxation bears equally on all classes.

15

用例

• 水がかかる
  Water falls on anything―to be splashed with water.

• 着物にしぶきがかかった
  The spray fell on my clothes
  My clothes were exposed to the spray.
• 雨がかかる
  to be exposed to the rain
• 雨がかかると色がさめる
  The colour will fade if it is exposed to the rain.
• そこは雨がかかるからこちらへお入り
  You are standing in the rain. Come in out of the wet.

16

用例

• 気にかかる
  to weigh on one's mind

• この借金が気にかかる
  This debt weighs on my mind
  This debt is a weight on my mind.

17

用例

• 電話がかかって来る
  I am called up （to the telephone）―rung up （on the telephone）.

• 君に電話がかかって来たよ
  There is a call for you on the telephone
  You are wanted at the telephone.
• 田中さんから電話がかかって来た
  Mr. Tanaka wants you at the telephone
  Mr. Tanaka has rung for you.
• 電報がかかって来た
  A telegram has come.

18

用例

• 嫌疑がかかる
  Suspicion falls on one
  One falls under suspicion.

• 会計に嫌疑がかかった
  Suspicion rested on the treasurer
  The treasurer fell under suspicion.
• この所有権に疑いがかかっている
  Doubt hangs over the title
  There is a cloud on the title.

19

用例

• 声がかかる
  Some one calls to me―shouts to me.

• 殿のお声がかかる
  My lord commands.
• 大臣のお声がかかる
  The Minister recommends some one to the office.

20

用例

• 号令がかかる
  The word of command is given.

• 号令がかかると生徒が起立する
  The students rise at the word of command.

21

用例

• 人目にかかる
  to attract attention―attract notice―be discovered

• 人目にかからぬそのうちに早くこの場を立去れ
  Leave the place in haste before you are discovered.
• 僕の目にかかったが最後、断じて逃がしはせぬ
  If I catch sight of him, he shall not escape me.

22

用例

• あなたには一度お目にかかりました
  I had the pleasure of seeing you once.

• そのかたにはお目にかかったことはありません
  I never set eyes on him.
• それがうまくいったらお目にかからない
  I am damned if it succeeds
  I am blest if it succeeds.

23

用例

• 目方が（いくら）かかる
  to weigh so much

• 大きな鰻は三百匁｛もんめ｝もかかる
  A large eel will weigh three pounds―weigh no less than three pounds.

24

• 東北人は言葉が鼻にかかる
  The people from the North-East speak through the nose.

25

• （釣りをしていて）魚がかかった
  I have got a bite
  I have a bite.

26

用例

• 人にかかる
  to attack one―fall on one

• 彼は僕に喰ってかかって来た
  He turned on me in anger.
• 誰でもかかれ、己が相手になってやる
  Let any one come on, I am his man.

27

用例

• 船が繋かる
  A ship anchors―comes to anchor.

• 港には船がかかっている
  Ships are at anchor―Ships lie at anchor―Ships ride at anchor―in the harbour.
• 汽船は桟橋にかかっている
  The steamer is lying alongside the pier.

28

用例

• 糸によりがかかる
  The threads get a firmer twist.

• 糸によりがかかっている
  The threads are hard as nails.

29

用例

• 口がかかる
  to be called―be offered an engagement―have a position offered one

• お座敷がかかる
  A geisha is offered an engagement.

30

• 山路にかかる
  to approach a mountain

31

• 箸にも棒にもかからぬ奴だ
  He is a reprobate
  He is past praying for.

32

〈Passive〉

用例

• 電話は米国人の発明にかかる
  The telephone was invented by an American.

• この機械は彼の発明にかかる
  This machine is of his invention.
• 縄目にかかる
  to be bound―be put in bonds
• 神妙に縄にかかれ
  Suffer yourself to be bound.
• 盗難にかかる
  to be robbed
• 詐欺にかかる
  to be swindled
• ペテンにかかって金を取られた
  I was swindled out of my money.
• 火災にかかる
  to be destroyed by fire
• 全都兵火にかかる
  The whole city was destroyed by fire in the war.
• 電気がかかる
  to be electrified―be charged with electricity
• 鉄条網には電気がかかっていた
  The wire-entanglements were charged with electricity.

接尾動詞

（＝すんでのことに）nearly

用例

• 殺されかかった
  I was very nearly killed
  I came near being killed.

• 彼は死にかかっている
  He is dying.