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ハイパー英語辞書
pug
名詞
| 印欧語根 | ||
|---|---|---|
| ped- | 足（足首から下）を表す印欧語根。pioneerは、歩兵を表す古フランス語peonierから派生。他の重要な派生語は、foot, pedalなど。 | |
pug
動詞
名詞
| 印欧語根 | ||
|---|---|---|
| ped- | 足（足首から下）を表す印欧語根。pioneerは、歩兵を表す古フランス語peonierから派生。他の重要な派生語は、foot, pedalなど。 | |
pug
名詞
| 印欧語根 | ||
|---|---|---|
| ped- | 足（足首から下）を表す印欧語根。pioneerは、歩兵を表す古フランス語peonierから派生。他の重要な派生語は、foot, pedalなど。 | |
| 接尾辞 | ||
|---|---|---|
| -ee | 1行為者を示す名詞語尾-or,-erに対してその働きを受ける者を表す 2「ある状態におかれている者」の意の名詞を造る | |
pug
日本語WordNet(英和)
pug
名詞
遺伝子名称シソーラス
Wiktionary英語版
出典：Wiktionary
pug
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/01/19 03:05 UTC 版)
発音
A currant pug (etymology 1, etymology 1 sense 1.2) (Eupithecia assimilata), a species of geometer moth.
- (Received Pronunciation, General American) enPR: pŭg, IPA: /pʌɡ/
- 韻: -ʌɡ
語源 1
Origin unknown, possibly related to West Flemish pugge (“(adjective) small; (noun) short person; pet name derived from the first name Pugge”); though it is uncertain whether sense 1 (“senses relating to someone or something small”) and sense 2 (“senses relating to people”) are derived from the same source.
Etymology 1 sense 1.8 (“small demon”) was probably influenced by, though not a variant of, puck.
名詞
- Senses relating to someone or something small.
- In full pug dog: a small dog of an ancient breed originating in China, having a snub nose, wrinkled face, squarish body, short smooth hair, and curled tail. [from 18th c.]
- In full pug moth, often with a descriptive word: any geometrid moth of the tribe Eupitheciini, especially the genus Eupithecia; a geometer moth.
- (clothing, historical) In full pug hood: a hood, sometimes with a short cloak attached, worn by women around the middle of the 18th century.
- (rail transport) In full pug engine: a small locomotive chiefly used for shunting (“moving trains from one track to another, or carriages from one train to another”).
- (UK, regional, archaic) Also used as a proper name: any of various animals, such as a ferret, hare, squirrel, or young salmon.
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1895, P[eter] H[enry] Emerson, “Shrew Mouse, or Rana, and Squirrels”, in Birds, Beasts and Fishes of the Norfolk Broadland, London: David Nutt, […], →OCLC, page 363:
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Squirrels / Are not uncommon in the plantings on the broad edges, where they may be seen feeding on the deal-apples, as the Broadsmen call the fir-cones; nuts and acorns too they are fond of. […] Stoats sometimes chase them, but "pug" generally manages to escape, an[d] he can get to a tree first—he is a much more daring jumper.
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- (specifically) Synonym of teg (“a sheep (originally a ewe) in its second year, or from the time it is weaned until it is first shorn”).
- (specifically, obsolete) An ape, a monkey; also (by extension) a human child.
- (specifically, obsolete) A fox.
- (UK, regional, rare) A person or thing that is squat (“broad and short”).
- (US, regional) A bun or knot of hair; also, a piece of cloth or snood for holding this in place.
- (obsolete) A small demon; an imp, a puck, a sprite.
- Senses relating to people.
- (UK, historical) Chiefly used by servants: A senior or upper servant in a household. [from 19th c.]
- (obsolete)
- A mistress, or a female prostitute; also (generally, derogatory) a woman. [c. 17th c.]
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:prostitute, Thesaurus:woman
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1600 October 4 (date written; Gregorian calendar), Robert Cecil, “[Letter] X”, in John MacLean, editor, Letters from Sir Robert Cecil to Sir George Carew (Camden Series; 88), [London]: […] [John Bowyer Nichols and Sons] for the Camden Society, published 1864, →OCLC, page 33:
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[R]emember the Lo[rd] Admyrall [Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Nottingham] and the Lord Threasurer [Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset] with a couple of Pugges or some vscough baugh [i.e., usquebaugh or whiskey] or some such toyes, it would shew that you do not neglect them, whoe, I protest, are to you wonderfull kynde.
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1653, Francis Rabelais [i.e., François Rabelais], translated by [Thomas Urquhart, Peter Anthony Motteux], “How Gargantua was Carried Eleven Moneths in His Mothers Belly”, in The Works of Francis Rabelais, Doctor in Physick: Containing Five Books of the Lives, Heroick Deeds, and Sayings of Gargantua, and His Sonne Pantagruel. […], London: […] [Thomas Ratcliffe and Edward Mottershead] for Richard Baddeley, […], →OCLC; republished in volume I, London: […] Navarre Society […], [1948], →OCLC, 1st book, page 17:
- (endearing) A term of endearment for a person, or sometimes an animal or a toy such as a doll.
- (nautical) A bargeman. [16th c.]
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c. 1588 (date written; published 1591), [John Lyly], Endimion, the Man in the Moone. […], London: […] I[ohn] Charlewood, for the widdowe Broome, →OCLC, Act IV, scene ii, signature G, verso:
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1603, [Thomas Dekker], 1603. The Wonderfull Yeare. […], London: […] by [J. Browne, Nicholas Ling, and John Smethwick for?] Thomas Creede, […], →OCLC, signature F3, verso:
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- (nautical) A cabin boy, a shipboy or ship's boy.
- A mistress, or a female prostitute; also (generally, derogatory) a woman. [c. 17th c.]
下位語
- angle-barred pug (Eupithecia innotata)
- ash pug (Eupithecia innotata f. fraxinata)
- bilberry pug (Pasiphila debiliata)
- bleached pug (Eupithecia expallidata)
- bordered pug (Eupithecia succenturiata)
- brindled pug (Eupithecia abbreviata)
- campanula pug (Eupithecia denotata)
- Channel Islands pug (Eupithecia ultimaria)
- cloaked pug (Eupithecia abietaria)
- common pug (Eupithecia miserulata, Eupithecia vulgata)
- currant pug (Eupithecia assimilata)
- cypress pug (Eupithecia phoeniceata)
- double-striped pug (Gymnoscelis rufifasciata)
- dwarf pug (Eupithecia tantillaria)
- emerald pug moth (Pasiphila muscosata)
- Epping pug (Eupithecia massiliata)
- foxglove pug (Eupithecia pulchellata)
- Freyer's pug (Eupithecia intricata)
- golden-rod pug (Eupithecia virgaureata)
- goosefoot pug (Eupithecia sinuosaria)
- Graef's pug (Eupithecia graefi)
- great variegated pug (Eupithecia ravocostaliata)
- green pug, satin pug (Pasiphila rectangulata)
- grey pug (Eupithecia subfuscata)
- Guenée's pug (Eupithecia pernotata)
- Haworth's pug (Eupithecia haworthiata)
- juniper pug (Eupithecia pusillata)
- larch pug (Eupithecia lariciata)
- larch pug moth (Eupithecia annulata)
- lead-coloured pug (Eupithecia plumbeolata)
- maple pug (Eupithecia inturbata)
- marbled pug (Eupithecia irriguata)
- marsh pug (Eupithecia pygmaeata)
- mottled pug (Eupithecia exiguata)
- narrow-winged pug (Eupithecia nanata)
- netted pug (Eupithecia venosata)
- oak-tree pug (Eupithecia dodoneata)
- ochreous pug (Eupithecia indigata)
- parsimonious pug (Eupithecia pauxillaria)
- pauper pug (Eupithecia egenaria)
- Peck's pug moth (Eupithecia peckorum)
- pimpinel pug (Eupithecia pimpinellata)
- pinion-spotted pug (Eupithecia insigniata)
- plain pug (Eupithecia simpliciata)
- satyr pug (Eupithecia satyrata)
- scarce pug (Eupithecia extensaria)
- shaded pug (Eupithecia subumbrata)
- slender pug (Eupithecia tenuiata)
- sloe pug (Pasiphila chloerata)
- tamarisk pug (Eupithecia innotata f. tamarisciata)
- tawny speckled pug (Eupithecia icterata)
- thyme pug (Eupithecia distinctaria)
- toadflax pug (Eupithecia linariata)
- triple-spotted pug (Eupithecia trisignaria)
- valerian pug (Eupithecia valerianata)
- v-pug (Chloroclystis v-ata)
- white-shouldered pug (Chloroclystis pallidiplaga)
- white-spotted pug (Eupithecia tripunctaria)
- wormwood pug (Eupithecia absinthiata)
- yarrow pug (Eupithecia millefoliata)
派生語
名詞
- (online gaming) Alternative letter-case form of PuG (“a group of players who are unknown to each other, grouped together to work toward a short-term goal such as completing a dungeon or a raid”).
語源 3
The noun is borrowed from Hindi पग (pag, “step; (less common) foot; leg”), from Old Hindi पगु (pagu), from Sanskrit पद्ग (padga), from पद् (pad, “step; foot”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ped- (“to step; to walk; to fall; to stumble”)) + ग (ga, stem at the ends of compounds denoting going or moving) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷem- (“to step”)).
The verb is derived from the noun.
名詞
- (originally British India) The footprint or pawprint of an animal; a pugmark.
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1851 July, Captain Hardbargain [pseudonym], “A Jungle Recollection”, in Fraser’s Magazine for Town and Country, volume XLIV, number CCLIX, London: John W[illiam] Parker, […], →OCLC, page 19, column 2:
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[T]here were the broad, deep puggs of a tiger, up and down the nullah, in the dry sand, near the water's edge, of all ages, from the week, perhaps, up to the unmistakeable fresh puggs of last night.
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1889, R[obert] S[tephenson] S[myth] Baden-Powell, “Rearing Pig”, in Pigsticking or Hoghunting. […], London: Harrison & Sons, […], →OCLC, § 27, page 55:
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The goat has a square pug with blunt points to his toes, which are always held apart. The sheep's pug is more like that of the boar, being longer than the goat's. […] The boar's pug is distinguished from that of the sow by being much wider in the heel, and having the toes more open, and the rudimentary toes marking the ground more widely apart.
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派生語
関連する語
動詞
pug (third-person singular simple present pugs, present participle pugging, simple past and past participle pugged)
- (transitive, British India, obsolete, rare) To track (an animal) by following pawprints; also (by extension) to track (a person) by following footprints.
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1889, R[obert] S[tephenson] S[myth] Baden-Powell, “Rearing Pig”, in Pigsticking or Hoghunting. […], London: Harrison & Sons, […], →OCLC, § 27, page 57:
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Wishing to track a good boar that had got away through some thick cover, we called up the headman of the beat (a man lent to us by a friend) and asked him if he could pug. He was a havildar (sergeant) of police. He replied, 'That is my regular business, sahib; of course I can pug. My work is pugging criminals.'
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名詞
- (informal) Clipping of pugilist (“one who fights with their fists, especially a professional prize fighter; a boxer”). [from mid 19th c.]
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1924 July, John Buchan, “Sir Archibald Roylance Puts His Foot in It”, in The Three Hostages, London: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC, page 212:
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Anyhow I found myself facin' the pug, seein' bright red, and inclined to fight a dozen. I didn't last for more than one round—my game leg cramped me, I suppose. I got one or two on his ugly face, and then I suppose I took a knock-out.
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1988, Ken Blady, “‘Slapsie’ Maxie Rosenbloom: ‘The Harlem Harlequin’: Light Heavyweight Champion of the World (1930–1935)”, in The Jewish Boxers Hall of Fame, New York, N.Y.: Shapolsky Publishers, →ISBN, page 226:
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He [Maxie Rosenbloom] never trained for his characters either: with his slurred speech and disfigured mug he usually portrayed a punch-drunk ex-pug or comic tough guy, roles in which he was a natural.
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語源 5
The origin of the verb is uncertain; it is possibly:
- related to southern Dutch puggen (“to hit hard”), German pucken (“to beat, thump”), possibly ultimately imitative; or
- related to poke (verb).
It is also uncertain whether the various senses are derived from the same source.
The origin of the noun is also uncertain; it is probably related to the verb.
動詞
pug (third-person singular simple present pugs, present participle pugging, simple past and past participle pugged)
- (transitive)
- (rare) To hit or punch (someone or something); also, to poke (someone or something).
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1812, Peter Pindar [pseudonym; John Wolcot], “The Middlesex Election; or, Poetical Epistles, in the Devonshire Dialect, by Mr. Joseph Budge, in London, to Lord Rolle, at Weymouth”, in The Works of Peter Pindar, Esq. […], new edition, volume IV, London: […] J[ohn] Walker, G. Wilkie and J. Robinson, G. Robinson, […]; and G. Goulding and Co. […], →OCLC, page 442:
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- (construction) To fill or stop up (a space) with pug (noun etymology 5 sense 1), clay, sawdust, or other material by tamping; (specifically) to fill in (the space between joists of a floor, a partition, etc.) with some material to deaden sound, make fireproof, etc.
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1812, Peter Pindar [pseudonym; John Wolcot], “Lord Auckland’s Triumph; or, The Death of Crim. Con. A Pair of Prophetic Odes. Elegy to a Friend.”, in The Works of Peter Pindar, Esq. […], new edition, volume IV, London: […] J[ohn] Walker, G. Wilkie and J. Robinson, G. Robinson, […]; and G. Goulding and Co. […], →OCLC, page 312:
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- (construction, pottery) To mix and work (wet clay) until flexible, soft, and free from air pockets and suitable for making bricks, pottery, etc.
- (chiefly Australia, New Zealand, archaic) Of cattle, etc.: to trample (the ground, a place, etc.) until it becomes muddy and soft; to poach.
- (England, regional, also figurative, archaic) To pack or tamp (something) into a small space.
- (rare) To hit or punch (someone or something); also, to poke (someone or something).
- (intransitive, England, regional, also figurative, archaic) To pack or tamp into a small space.
名詞
pug (countable and uncountable, plural pugs) (chiefly construction, pottery)
- Clay, soil, or other material which has been mixed and worked until flexible, soft, and free from air pockets and thus suitable for making bricks, pottery, etc.; also, any other material with a similar consistency or function, especially (Australia) auriferous (“gold-bearing”) clay.
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1866, Mr. Dean, witness, “Children’s Employment Commission (1862). Fifth Report of the Commissioners, […]. [Appendix to Fifth Report. Reports and Evidence of Assistant Commissioners. Evidence on Brickfields.—By Mr. H. W. Lord.]”, in Reports from Commissioners: […] (No. 3678), volume XXIV, London: […] George Edward Eyre and William Spottiswoode, […] for Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, →OCLC, paragraph 40, page 143, column 1:
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A brickfield certainly is not the place for girls and young women to work in; […] the work they have too, at least those who are pug-bearers, often causes indecency; they have to stoop down to the ground to pick the pug up from the bottom of the mill; at all events, they ought to have their clothes tied around them, indeed, the respectable young women usually have. I do not think there is any ill-treatment of the children as there used to be; they often get a bit of pug thrown at them, but they are not hit about with the hand or the "slice."
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1872, Mrs. Edward Millett, chapter III, in An Australian Parsonage; or, The Settler and the Savage in Western Australia, London: Edward Stanford, […], →OCLC, page 55:
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The walls of the house were built of "pug," which means simply well-pounded mud, and has the disadvantage of refusing to adhere firmly to the frames of doors and casements, so that the banging of either, in windy weather, is apt to bring large pieces of the material crumbling down, and the house never looks tidy.
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- Ellipsis of pug mill (“kind of mill for grinding, mixing, and working clay”).
語源 6
Origin unknown; etymology 6 sense 1.2 (“to spoil (something) by touching too much”) is possibly influenced by pug (verb, noun) (see etymology 5) or puggy.
動詞
pug (third-person singular simple present pugs, present participle pugging, simple past and past participle pugged) (Scotland, Wales, Western England)
- (transitive)
- To pull or tug (something).
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1717 April 10 (date written; Gregorian calendar), Edward Turner, quoting [the anonymous diarist], “The Marchant Diary”, in Sussex Archaeological Collections, […], volume XIII (2nd Series; volume XXV overall), Lewes, Sussex: George P. Bacon for the Sussex Archaeological Society, published 1873, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 180:
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- (obsolete) To spoil (something) by touching too much.
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1885, E. Cruwys Sharland, chapter IV, in Ways and Means in a Devonshire Village. A Book for Mothers’ Meetings. […], London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, →OCLC, page 55:
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["B]e sure not to wet it up too much; make it into twelve doughboys" (dumplings). / "I'm so heavy-handed," Jane remarked at this point, "I always spoil that sort of cookery." / "Tell about heavy-handed!" cried Betsy; "I'll answer for it, I'll soon put you in the way of being light-handed! You only want to learn to handle things without pugging and pawing them about too much."
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- To pull or tug (something).
- (intransitive) Followed by at: to pull or tug.
語源 7
From Late 中期英語 pugge (“husk of grain”); further etymology unknown, possibly related to pug (verb) (see etymology 5). However, the latter is only attested much later.
名詞
pug (countable and uncountable, plural pugs) (UK, regional, agriculture)
- (Southwest England, archaic) The residue left after pressing apples for cider; pomace.
- (obsolete) Often in the plural: the husks and other refuse removed from grain by winnowing; chaff.
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1601, C[aius] Plinius Secundus [i.e., Pliny the Elder], “[Book XIX.] Garden Plants, Their Natures, Kinds, and Severall Histories.”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Historie of the World. Commonly Called, The Naturall Historie of C. Plinius Secundus. […], 2nd tome, London: […] Adam Islip, →OCLC, page 17:
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[a. 1640 (date written), John Smyth, “[Phrases and Proverbs of Speach Proper to This Hundred]”, in John MacLean, editor, The Berkeley Manuscripts: A Description of the Hundred of Berkeley in the County of Gloucester and of Its Inhabitants, volume III, Gloucester, Gloucestershire: […] John Bellows for the subscribers, published 1885, →OCLC, page 25:
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参照
- ↑ “pug, n.”, in OED Online
, Oxford: Oxford University Press, September 2023; “pug, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022. - ^ “pug, n.”, in OED Online , Oxford: Oxford University Press, July 2023; “pug, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- ^ “† pug, v.”, in OED Online , Oxford: Oxford University Press, July 2023; “pug, v.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- ^ “pug, n.”, in OED Online , Oxford: Oxford University Press, July 2023; “pug, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- ↑ “pug, v.”, in OED Online , Oxford: Oxford University Press, December 2023; “pug, v.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- ^ “pug, n.”, in OED Online , Oxford: Oxford University Press, July 2023; “pug, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- ^ “pug, v.”, in OED Online , Oxford: Oxford University Press, July 2023.
- ^ “pugge, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- ^ “pug, n.”, in OED Online , Oxford: Oxford University Press, July 2023.
Further reading
pick-up game on Wikipedia.Wikipedia - pug on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- pug (steam locomotive) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- pug (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Joseph Wright, editor (1903), “PUG, sb. and v.”, in The English Dialect Dictionary: […], volume IV (M–Q), London: Henry Frowde, […], publisher to the English Dialect Society, […]; New York, N.Y.: G[eorge] P[almer] Putnam’s Sons, →OCLC, pages 639–640.
Weblio例文辞書
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pittas
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テグー
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tejus
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プーク
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a plaything with which one trifles for pleasure
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