plumpとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English plump, plompe, a borrowing from Middle Dutch plomp or Middle Low German plump. Cognate with Saterland Frisian plump (“plump”).

形容詞

plump (comparative plumper または more plump, superlative plumpest または most plump)

1. Having a full and rounded shape; chubby, somewhat overweight.

   a plump baby; plump cheeks

   • 1651, Thomas Carew, To my friend G. N. from Wrest:

     The god of wine did his plump clusters bring.

   • 2015, Anton Chekhov, The Life and Genius of Anton Chekhov: Letters, Diary, Reminiscences and Biography: Assorted Collection of Autobiographical Writings of the Renowned Russian Author and Playwright of Uncle Vanya, The Cherry Orchard, The Three Sisters and The Seagull, e-artnow, →ISBN:

     My ideal is to be idle and to love a plump girl.

   • 1956, Delano Ames, chapter 23, in Crime out of Mind:

     He was a plump little man and we had been walking uphill at a pace—set by him—far too rapid for his short legs. He breathed stertorously, and half the drops which glimmered on his rotund face were not rain but sweat.

2. Fat.
3. Sudden and without reservation; blunt; direct; downright.
   • 1898, George Saintsbury, A Short History of English Literature:

     After the plump statement that the author was at Erceldoune and spake with Thomas.

同意語

• See also Thesaurus:obese

反意語

• See also Thesaurus:scrawny

派生語

• plumping
• plumply
• plumpness

動詞

plump (三人称単数 現在形 plumps, 現在分詞 plumping, 過去形および過去分詞形 plumped)

1. (intransitive) To grow plump; to swell out.

   Her cheeks have plumped.

2. (transitive) To make plump; to fill (out) or support; often with up.

   to plump oysters or scallops by placing them in fresh or brackish water

   • 1655, Thomas Fuller, edited by James Nichols, The Church History of Britain, […], new edition, volumes (please specify |volume=I to III), London: […] [James Nichols] for Thomas Tegg and Son, […], published 1837, →OCLC:

     to plump up the hollowness of their history with improbable miracles

     The spelling has been modernized.

3. (transitive) To cast or let drop all at once, suddenly and heavily.

   to plump a stone into water

   • 1859, Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC:

     Although Miss Pross, through her long association with a French family, might have known as much of their language as of her own, if she had had a mind, she had no mind in that direction […] So her manner of marketing was to plump a noun-substantive at the head of a shopkeeper without any introduction in the nature of an article […]

4. (intransitive) To give a plumper (kind of vote).
5. (transitive) To give (a vote), as a plumper.
6. (transitive with for) To favor or decide in favor of something.
   • 2014, “Brazil in a nutshell”, in The Economist:

     A recent poll by the New York Times found that although most Brazilians plump for arch-rival Argentina as the team they most want to lose, the second-biggest group want Brazil itself to stumble.

派生語

語源 2

From Middle English plumpen, akin to Middle Dutch plompen, Middle Low German plumpen, German plumpfen.

動詞

plump (三人称単数 現在形 plumps, 現在分詞 plumping, 過去形および過去分詞形 plumped)

1. (intransitive) To drop or fall suddenly or heavily, all at once.
   • September 24, 1712, The Spectator No. 492, letter from a prude

     Dulcissa plumps into a chair.

派生語

副詞

plump

1. Directly; suddenly; perpendicularly.
   • 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, chapter 49, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, page 253:

     I suppose then, that going plump on a flying whale with your sail set in a foggy squall is the height of a whaleman’s discretion?

名詞

plump (複数形 plumps)

1. The sound of a sudden heavy fall.
   • 1863, Sheridan Le Fanu, The House by the Churchyard:

     As she beheld her, poor Mrs. Mack's heart fluttered up to her mouth, and then dropped with a dreadful plump, into the pit of her stomach.

派生語

語源 3

From Middle English plump.

名詞

plump (複数形 plumps)

1. (obsolete) A knot or cluster; a group; a crowd.

   a plump of trees, fowls, or spears

   • 1614–1615, Homer, “(please specify the book number)”, in Geo[rge] Chapman, transl., Homer’s Odysses. […], London: […] Rich[ard] Field [and William Jaggard], for Nathaniell Butter, published 1615, →OCLC; republished in The Odysseys of Homer, […], volumes (please specify the book number), London: John Russell Smith, […], 1857, →OCLC:

     To visit islands and the plumps of men.

2. A group of geese flying close together.

参照

• “plump”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.