forとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (強勢) enPR: fôr
  • (英国発音) IPA^(key): /fɔː(ɹ)/
  • (米国発音, Canada) IPA^(key): /fɔɹ/
  • (General Australian, New Zealand) IPA^(key): /foː(ɹ)/
  • 韻: -ɔː(ɹ)
• (弱勢) enPR: fər
  • (英国発音, General Australian) IPA^(key): /fə(ɹ)/
  • (New Zealand) IPA^(key): /fɘ(ɹ)/
  • (米国発音, Canada) IPA^(key): /fɚ/, /fə/
• 異形同音異義語: fore (with horse-hoarse merger), four (with horse-hoarse merger)

接続詞

for

1. Because, as, since.

   I had to stay with my wicked stepmother, for I had nowhere else to go.

   • c. 1601, William Shakespeare, Twelfth Night‎^[1], act 3, scene 4:

     […] Dismount thy tuck, be yare in thy preparation, for thy assailant is quick, skillful and deadly.

   • 1885, Richard Francis Burton, The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night:

     […] nor is there found, in sea or on land, a sweeter or pleasanter of gifts than she; for she is prime in comeliness and seemlihead of face and symmetrical shape of perfect grace; her check is ruddy dight, her brow flower white, her teeth gem-bright, her eyes blackest black and whitest white, her hips of heavy weight, her waist slight and her favour exquisite.

   • 1900, L[yman] Frank Baum, chapter 23, in The Wonderful Wizard of Oz:

     "By means of the Golden Cap I shall command the Winged Monkeys to carry you to the gates of the Emerald City," said Glinda, "for it would be a shame to deprive the people of so wonderful a ruler."

同意語

• given that, seeing that; see also Thesaurus:because

前置詞

for

1. Towards; in the direction of.

   The astronauts headed for the moon.

   Run for the hills!

   He was headed for the door when he remembered.

   • 1631, Francis [Bacon], “New Atlantis. A Worke Vnfinished.”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], 3rd edition, London: […] William Rawley; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], page 1, →OCLC:

     Wee ſailed from Peru, (where wee had continued by the ſpace of one whole yeare,) for China and Iapan, by the South Sea; [...]

2. Directed at; intended to belong to.

   I have something for you.

3. In order to help, benefit, gratify, honor etc. (someone または something).

   Everything I do, I do for you.

   We're having a birthday party for Janet.

   The mayor gave a speech for the charity gala.

   • 1976, Michael McDonald (lyrics かつ music), “Takin' It to the Streets”, performed by The Doobie Brothers:

     You, telling me the things you're gonna do for me.

4. To be used or treated in a stated way, or with a stated purpose.

   This is a new bell for my bicycle.

   The cake is for Tom and Helen's anniversary.

   These apples here are for eating. The rest are for throwing away.

5. Supporting, in favour of.

   Antonym: against

   All those for the motion, raise your hands.

   Who's for ice-cream?

   I'm for going by train

   Ten voted for, and three against. (with implied object)

6. Because of.

   He wouldn't apologize; and just for that, she refused to help him.

   He looks better for having lost weight. (英国用法 usage)

   She was the worse for drink.

   I like her for lots of reasons.

   • c. 1591–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Third Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene v]:

     with fiery eyes sparkling for very wrath

   • 1867, Frederick Metcalfe, The Oxonian in Iceland, page 202:

     "A summerly day for you," said my host; "You ought to be here in winter. It is impossible then to get out of the doors for the snow and wind. Ugh! dreadful weather!"

   • 1864, George Etell Sargent, The Story of a City Arab, page 313:

     I could not see his hands, for the thick gloves he wore, and his face was partially concealed by a red woollen comforter; but his entire appearance and manners tallied with what I had seen of Yorkshire farmerhood.

7. Intended to cure, remove or counteract; in order to cure, remove or counteract.

   This medicine is for your cough.

   I need to spray my house for termites.

8. Over (a period of time).

   I've lived here for three years.

   They fought for days over a silly pencil.

   • 1717, Joseph Addison, Metamorphoses

     To guide the sun's bright chariot for a day.

9. Throughout or across (a distance in space).

   I can see for miles.

   • c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iv]:

     For many miles about / There's scarce a bush.

10. Used to introduce a subject within a to-infinitive clause.

    It is unreasonable for our boss to withhold our wages.

    All I want is for you to be happy.

11. On behalf of.

    I will stand in for him.

    I speak for the Prime Minister.

12. In the role or capacity of; instead of; in place of.

    I used a hay bale for a bed.

    He's got a turnip for a brain.

13. In exchange for; in correspondence or equivalence with.

    I got five hundred pounds for that old car!

    He matched me blow for blow.

    • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Exodus 21:23-24:

      And if any mischief follow, then thou shalt give life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot.

14. In order to obtain or acquire.

    I am aiming for completion by the end of business Thursday.

    He's going for his doctorate.

    Do you want to go for coffee?

    People all over Greece looked to Delphi for answers.

    Can you go to the store for some eggs?

    I'm saving up for a car.

    Don't wait for an answer.

    What did he ask you for?

    • 1642, [John Denham], “The Prologue”, in The Sophy. […], 2nd edition, London: […] J[ohn] M[acock] for H[enry] Herringman, […], published 1667, →OCLC:

      For we would have you know it, / The loſs will fall on us, not on the Poet: / For he writes not for money, nor for praiſe, / Nor to be call'd a Wit, nor to wear Bayes: […]

15. By the standards of, usually with the implication that those standards are lower than one might otherwise expect; considering.

    Fair for its day.

    She's spry for an old lady.

    He's very mature, for a two-year old.

16. To be, or as being.

    Don't take me for a fool.

    • 17th century Abraham Cowley, Of Wit

      We take a falling meteor for a star.

    • a. 1705, John Locke, “Of the Conduct of the Understanding”, in Posthumous Works of Mr. John Locke: […], London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], published 1706, →OCLC:

      if a man can be persuaded and fully assured of anything for a truth without having examined, what is there that he may not embrace for truth ?

    • c. 1690, John Dryden, 翻訳 (Preface)

      Most of our ingenious young men take up some cry'd-up English poet for their model.

    • 1712, Ambrose Philips, The Distrest Mother:

      But let her go for an ungrateful woman.

    • 1976, Louis L’Amour, chapter 2, in The Rider of Lost Creek, Bantam Dell, →ISBN:

      They knew him for a stranger.

17. (usually in the phrase 'for all') Despite, in spite of.

    For all his expensive education, he didn't seem very bright.

    • 1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page 113:

      "You must keep your head. There is still hope." "Hope!" "Yes; plentiful hope -- for all this destruction!"

    • 1892 August 6, "The Unbidden Guest", in Charles Dickens, Jr. (editor), All the Year Round,^[2] page 133,

      Mr. Joseph Blenkinshaw was perhaps not worth quite so much as was reported; but for all that he was a very wealthy man […]

    • 1968, J. J. Scarisbrick, Henry VIII, page 240:

      For all his faults, there had been something lofty and great about him - as a judge, as a patron of education, as a builder, as an international figure.

19. Indicating something desired or anticipated.

    O for the wings of a dove.

    Ah! for wings to soar …

    And now for a slap-up meal!

    • 1599, William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act PROLOGUE, (please specify the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals)]:

      O For a Muſe of Fire, that would aſcend / The brighteſt Heauen of Inuention :

    • 1858 March 27, “The Lay of the Brief”, in Punch, Or, The London Charivari, page 129:

      Oh! but to breathe the air / By their side under summer skies! To watch the blush on their cheeks, / The light in their liquid eyes. / Oh! but for one short hour, / To whisper a word of love; […]

20. (in expressions such as 'for a start') Introducing the first item(s) in a potential sequence.

    Go scuba diving? For one thing, I can't even swim.

21. (with names, chiefly US) In honor of; after.

    He is named for his grandfather.

22. Due for or facing (a certain outcome または fate).

    He totally screwed up that project. Now he's surely for the sack.

23. (chiefly US) Out of; used to indicate a fraction, a ratio

    In term of base hits, Jones was three for four on the day

24. (cricket) Used as part of a score to indicate the number of wickets that have fallen.

    At close of play, England were 305 for 3.

25. (obsolete) Indicating that in prevention of which, or through fear of which, anything is done.
    • 1609–1612, Francis Beaumont; John Fletcher, “The Captaine”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1647, →OCLC, Act III, scene v:

      We'll have a bib, for spoiling of thy doublet.

26. Used in various more-or-less idiomatic ways to construe individual verbs, indicating various semantic relationships such as target, purpose, result, etc.; see also the entries for individual phrasal verbs, e.g. ask for, look for, stand for, etc.

    to account for one's whereabouts    to care for a relative    to settle for second best    to allow for mistakes

27. (nonstandard) So (that), in order to

    He took the swing shift for he could get more overtime.

別の表記

• (eye dialects): fo, fo', fur, fuh, fer

反意語

• against

派生語

不変化詞

for

1. (nonstandard, in representations of dialectal speech, especially that of black speakers) To, the particle for marking the following verb as an infinitive.
   • 1896, McClure's magazine, page 270:

     “'Ugh—I'll not be able for get up. Send for M'sieu le Curé—I'll be goin' for die for sure.'

   • 1898 December 17, “Mr. Owens' Experience”, in Forest and Stream, volume 51, page 485:

     [It was a] firs rate place for shoot a woodcocks, I tell you. [...] I say [it] wass no use for spen money. [...] An I say in "So wass I. I see lot of sy-pokes fly up an twist off like screw-cork an spit whistle, but I wass'nt able for get aim on him."

   • 2007, H. Nigel Thomas, Return to Arcadia: A Novel (Tsar Publications):

     "She say that when nigger people step out o' they place and start for rub shoulders with Bacra, trouble just 'round the corner."

関連する語

• for to

参照

• Andrea Tyler and Vyvyan Evans, "Spatial particles of orientation", in The Semantics of English Prepositions: Spatial Scenes, Embodied Meaning and Cognition, Cambridge University Press, 2003, 0-521-81430 8
• for at OneLook Dictionary Search
• “for”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

アナグラム

• 'fro, ORF, fro, orf

Latin

語源

From Proto-Italic *fāōr, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéh₂ti (“to speak”). It is unclear why the verb is deponent.

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /for/, [fɔr]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /for/, [fɔr]

動詞

for (present infinitive fārī または fārier, perfect active fātus sum); first conjugation, deponent, defective

1. I speak, talk, say.

   Synonyms: effor, inquam, oro, aio, dico, alloquor, loquor

Conjugation

Certain forms were not used in Classical Latin.

¹The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.

派生語

関連する語

• fāma
• fās

参照

• for in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• for in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• for in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius かつ others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• Karl Gottlob Zumpt, 1846, A school-grammar of the Latin language, p146

語源 1

From Proto-West Germanic *furi.

別の表記

• fore

発音

• IPA^(key): /for/

前置詞

for

1. because of (+ dative)
2. for (for the sake of) (+ dative)
   • c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Luke 9:24

     Sē þe his sāwle for mē forspilþ, hē hīe ġehǣlþ.

     Whoever destroys their soul for me will save it.

3. for (on behalf of, instead of) (+ accusative)
   • c. 992, Ælfric, "The Nativity of St. Paul the Apostle"

     Petrus āna spræc for ealne þone hēap.

     Paul by himself spoke for the whole group.

4. ago (+ dative)

   Hē swealt for swelċe... twām þūsendum ġēara.

   He died like... two thousand years ago.

   • c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English

     Is nū for þȳ Godes þēowum and mynstermannum ġeorne tō wearnienne þæt sēo hālġe lār on ūrum dagum ne ācōliġe oþþe ātēoriġe swā swā hit wæs ġedōn on Angelcynne nū for ānum fēawum gēarum, swā þæt nān Englisċ prēost ne cūðe dihtan oþþe āsmēaġan ānne pistol on Lǣden, oþ þæt Dūnstān ærċebisċop and Æðelwold bisċop eft þā lāre on munuclīfum ārǣrdon.

     That's why God's servants and monks should be very careful not to let this sacred learning cool or fade in our time, the way it did in England a few years ago, when none of our priests could compose or interpret a letter in Latin, until archbishop Dunstan and bishop Æthelwold revived learning in monastic life.

派生した語

• Middle English: for
  • English: for
  • Scots: for
  • Yola: vor, var, for

語源 2

see faran

発音

• IPA^(key): /foːr/

動詞

fōr

1. first/third-person singular preterite of faran

語源 3

From Proto-Germanic *fōrō (“trip; wagon”).

発音

• IPA^(key): /foːr/

名詞

fōr f (nominative 複数形 fōra)

1. journey, going, course, expedition, approach; passage, lifestyle, way of life

語形変化

語源 4

Variant of fearh. From Proto-West Germanic *farh (“pig”). Cognate with Middle Low German vōr (“lean young pig”).

発音

• IPA^(key): /foːr/

名詞

fōr m

1. hog, pig

語形変化

派生した語