shroudとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English shroud, from 古期英語 sċrūd, from Proto-Germanic *skrūdą. Cognate with Old Norse skrúð (“the shrouds of a ship”) ( > Danish, Norwegian skrud (“splendid attire”)).

名詞

shroud (複数形 shrouds)

1. That which clothes, covers, conceals, or protects; a garment.
   • 1636, George Sandys, Paraphrase upon the Psalms and Hymns dispersed throughout the Old and New Testaments:

     swaddled, as new born, in sable shrouds

   • 2019 April 25, Samanth Subramanian, “Hand dryers v paper towels: the surprisingly dirty fight for the right to dry your hands”, in The Guardian‎^[1]:

     Every time we came a research area, we had to pause while the scientists threw grey shrouds over prototypes that I wasn’t to see.

2. Especially, the dress for the dead; a winding sheet.
   • 1826, [Mary Shelley], chapter II, in The Last Man. […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC:

     Yet let us goǃ England is in her shroud – we may not enchain ourselves to a corpse.

   • c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:

     a dead man in his shroud

3. That which covers or shelters like a shroud.
   • 1812–1818, Lord Byron, “(please specify |canto=I to IV)”, in Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage. A Romaunt, London: Printed for John Murray, […]; William Blackwood, Edinburgh; and John Cumming, Dublin; by Thomas Davison, […], →OCLC, (please specify the stanza number):

     Jura answers through her misty shroud.

4. A covered place used as a retreat or shelter, as a cave or den; also, a vault or crypt.
   • c. 1618, George Chapman, Hymns of Homer:

     The shroud to which he won / His fair-eyed oxen.

   • 1554, John Withals, A Dictionarie in English and Latine:

     a vault, or shroud, as under a church

5. (nautical) One of a set of ropes or cables (rigging) attaching a mast to the sides of a vessel or to another anchor point, serving to support the mast sideways; such rigging collectively.
   • 1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:

     Then - a shock of water, a wild rush of boiling foam, and I was clinging for my life to the shroud, ay, swept straight out from it like a flag in a gale.

6. One of the two annular plates at the periphery of a water wheel, which form the sides of the buckets; a shroud plate.
7. (astronautics) A streamlined protective covering used to protect the payload during a rocket-powered launch.

同意語

• sindon

派生語

語源 2

From Middle English schrouden (> Anglo-Latin scrudāre), from Middle English schroud (“shroud”) (see above).

動詞

shroud (三人称単数 現在形 shrouds, 現在分詞 shrouding, 過去形および過去分詞形 shrouded)

1. To cover with a shroud.
   • 1631, Francis [Bacon], “(please specify |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], 3rd edition, London: […] William Rawley; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:

     The ancient Egyptian mummies were shrouded in a number of folds of linen besmeared with gums.

2. To conceal or hide from view, as if by a shroud.

   The details of the plot were shrouded in mystery.

   The truth behind their weekend retreat was shrouded in obscurity.

   • 1614, Walter Ralegh [i.e., Walter Raleigh], The Historie of the World […], London: […] William Stansby for Walter Burre, […], →OCLC, (please specify |book=1 to 5):

     One of these trees, with all his young ones, may shroud four hundred horsemen.

   • 1665, John Dryden, The Indian Emperour […]‎^[2], London: Printed by J.M. for H. Herringman, published 1667, Act III, scene ii, page 30:

     Moon ſlip behind ſome Cloud, ſome Tempeſt riſe / And blow out all the Stars that light the Skies, / To ſhrowd my ſhame.

3. To take shelter or harbour.
   • 1634 October 9 (first performance), [John Milton], edited by H[enry] Lawes, A Maske Presented at Ludlow Castle, 1634: […], London: […] [Augustine Matthews] for Hvmphrey Robinson, […], published 1637, →OCLC; reprinted as Comus: […] (Dodd, Mead & Company’s Facsimile Reprints of Rare Books; Literature Series; no. I), New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1903, →OCLC:

     If your stray attendance be yet lodged, / Or shroud within these limits.

語源 3

Variant of shred.

名詞

shroud (複数形 shrouds)

1. The branching top of a tree; foliage.
   • 1611, King James Version, “xxxi.iii”, in Ezekiel‎^[3], Barker edition:

     Behold, the Assyrian was a Cedar in Lebanon with faire branches, and with a shadowing shrowd, and of an hie stature, and his top was among the thicke boughes.

動詞

shroud (三人称単数 現在形 shrouds, 現在分詞 shrouding, 過去形および過去分詞形 shrouded)

1. (transitive, UK, dialect) To lop the branches from (a tree).

   Synonym: shrood

参照

• Shroud (sailing) on Wikipedia.
• “shroud”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
• shroud at OneLook Dictionary Search