mortifyとは

意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (英国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈmɔːtɪfaɪ/
• (米国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈmɔɹtɪfaɪ/

動詞

mortify (三人称単数 現在形 mortifies, 現在分詞 mortifying, 過去形および過去分詞形 mortified)

1. (transitive) To discipline (one's body, appetites etc.) by suppressing desires; to practise abstinence on. [from 15th c.]

   Some people seek sainthood by mortifying the body.

   • (Can we date this quote by Harte かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     With fasting mortified, worn out with tears.

   • (Can we date this quote by Prior かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     Mortify thy learned lust.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), imprinted at London: By Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Colossians 3:5:

     Mortify, therefore, your members which are upon the earth.

2. (transitive, usually used passively) To embarrass, to humiliate. To injure one's dignity. [from 17th c.]

   I was so mortified I could have died right there; instead I fainted, but I swore I'd never let that happen to me again.

   • 1898, Winston Churchill, chapter 5, in The Celebrity:

     Then we relapsed into a discomfited silence, and wished we were anywhere else. But Miss Thorn relieved the situation by laughing aloud, and with such a hearty enjoyment that instead of getting angry and more mortified we began to laugh ourselves, and instantly felt better.

3. (obsolete, transitive) To kill. [14th–17th c.]
4. (obsolete, transitive) To reduce the potency of; to nullify; to deaden, neutralize. [14th–18th c.]
   • (Can we date this quote by Francis Bacon かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     Quicksilver is mortified with turpentine.

   • (Can we date this quote by Hakewill かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     He mortified pearls in vinegar.

5. (obsolete, transitive) To kill off (living tissue etc.); to make necrotic. [15th–18th c.]
   • 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 3, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes, […], book II, printed at London: By Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], OCLC 946730821:

     Servius the Grammarian being troubled with the gowt, found no better meanes to be rid of it, than to apply poison to mortifie [transl. tuer] his legs.

6. (obsolete, transitive) To affect with vexation, chagrin, or humiliation; to humble; to depress.
   • (Can we date this quote by Evelyn かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     the news of the fatal battle of Worcester, which exceedingly mortified our expectations

   • (Can we date this quote by Addison かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     How often is the ambitious man mortified with the very praises he receives, if they do not rise so high as he thinks they ought!

7. (transitive, Scotland, law, historical) To grant in mortmain.
   • 1876 James Grant, History of the Burgh and Parish Schools of Scotland, Part II, Chapter 14, p.453 (PDF 2.7 MB):

     the schoolmasters of Ayr were paid out of the mills mortified by Queen Mary

8. (intransitive) To lose vitality.
9. (intransitive) To gangrene.
10. (intransitive) To be subdued.

同意語

• (to discipline oneself by suppressing desires): macerate
• (to injure one's dignity): demean, humiliate, shame

反意語

• (to injure one's dignity): dignify, honor

関連する語

• mortification