rocketとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Italian rocchetta, from Old Italian rocchetto (“rocket”, literally “a bobbin”), diminutive of rocca (“a distaff”), from Lombardic rocko (“spinning wheel”), from Proto-West Germanic *rokkō, from Proto-Germanic *rukkô (“a distaff, a staff with flax fibres tied loosely to it, used in spinning thread”). Cognate with Old High German rocco, rocko, roccho, rocho ("a distaff"; > German Rocken (“a distaff”)), Swedish rock (“a distaff”), Icelandic rokkur (“a distaff”), Middle English rocke (“a distaff”). More at rock⁴.

名詞

rocket (複数形 rockets)

1. A rocket engine.
2. (military) A non-guided missile propelled by a rocket engine.
3. A vehicle propelled by a rocket engine.
4. A rocket propelled firework; a skyrocket.
5. (slang) An ace (the playing card).
6. (military slang) An angry communication (such as a letter または telegram) to a subordinate.
   • 1980, David Schoenbrun, Soldiers of the Night: The Story of the French Resistance, Dutton, →ISBN, page 203:

     While [Colonel Robert] Solborg and [Jacques] Lemaigre[-Dubreuil] were dreaming of revolts, [William Joseph “Wild Bill”] Donovan had learned of Solborg’s insubordination and meddling. He sent him a “rocket” ordering him out of North Africa and back to Lisbon at once. Solborg flew to Lisbon and then on to Washington to face out his problem with Donovan.

7. A blunt lance head used in jousting.
8. (figurative) Something that shoots high in the air.
   • 2016 September 28, Tom English, “Celtic 3–3 Manchester City”, in BBC Sport‎^[1], BBC Sport:

     Fernandinho launched a rocket that flew just over. Gundogan's shot hit off Sviatchenko and Gordon and went out. City pressed and pressed.

9. (Scotland, slang) A stupid or crazy person.
   • 2014, Alistair Beaton, Rob Drummond, Morna Pearson, Contemporary Scottish Plays:

     Why were the Luddites named efter Ned Ludd? A wee rocket. A wee fucken fairy bampot. A pure hooligan, smashing stuff up. A ned. Ned Ludd.

10. (South East England, slang) A very physically attractive woman.

派生語

参考

• ICBM

参照

• Watkins, Calvert (2000). The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots 2nd edn., p. 72, s.v. ruk-. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, →ISBN.
• Weisenberg, Michael (2000). The Official Dictionary of Poker. MGI/Mike Caro University. →ISBN.
• “rocket”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.

動詞

rocket (三人称単数 現在形 rockets, 現在分詞 rocketing, 過去形および過去分詞形 rocketed)

1. (transitive, intransitive) To accelerate swiftly and powerfully.
   • 2021 August 6, A. A. Dowd, “The Ryan Reynolds action-comedy Free Guy is a Truman Show for the Fortnite age”, in The A.V. Club‎^[2]:

     With Free Guy, Reynolds gets just a little more in touch with his Carrey side via nothing less than his own version of The Truman Show, shorn of its daydream dread and rocketed into the age of Fortnite.

2. To fly vertically.
3. To rise or soar rapidly.
   • 2020 May 20, Paul Bigland, “East London Line's renaissance”, in Rail, pages 48–49:

     The project was attractive because of the ability to maximise the use of existing and decommissioned railways, minimise land take, and decrease the amount of disruption during the project. With London land prices rocketing, there was also a significant financial incentive.

   • 2023 May 24, Phillip Inman, “Brexit food trade barriers have cost UK households £7bn, report finds”, in The Guardian‎^[3], →ISSN:

     The cost of food in the UK had rocketed by 25% since 2019, the researchers calculated, but if the post-Brexit trade restrictions were not in place then this increase would be only 17% – nearly a third lower.

4. To experience sudden fame, popularity, or success.

   After spending years in obscurity, the band finally rocketed last week.

5. To carry something in a rocket.
6. To attack something with rockets.

語源 2

Borrowed from French roquette, from Italian ruchetta, diminutive of ruca, from Latin eruca. Cognate to arugula, rucola, eruca, roquette.

名詞

rocket (uncountable)

1. The leaf vegetable Eruca sativa or Eruca vesicaria.
2. Rocket larkspur (Consolida regalis).

同意語

• (米国用法) arugula
• rocket salad

派生語

• wild rocket, perennial wall rocket, sand rocket, white rocket (Diplotaxis tenuifolia)
• London rocket (Sisymbrium irio)
• dame's rocket, sweet rocket (Hesperis matronalis)
• blue rocket (Aconitum)
• dyer's rocket, bastard rocket (Reseda)
• yellowrocket, rocketcress, winter rocket, wound rocket (Barbarea vulgaris)