「Confucianism」に関連した英語例文の一覧と使い方(13ページ目) - Weblio英語例文検索

In Tang, he learned not only Confucianism, but also astronomy, music and military science, and brought back "Tokan Kanki" (historical records of Eastern Han Dynasty) to Japan, and offered to the Imperial Court many other books and materials, including Keisho (Confucianism documents [130 volumes of "Torai"]), an astronomical calendar book (one volume of "Taien Calendar" and 12 volumes of "Daienreki Ryusei"), a sun clock (Sokuei Kaneshaku), music instruments (Dorikkan, 鉄如方響, 写律管声12条), music theory books (ten volumes of "Gakusho Yoroku"), bows (arms) (絃纏漆角弓、馬上飲水漆角弓、露面漆四節角弓各1張) and arrows (20 of Shakosen [square arrow] and 10 of Heishasen [flat arrow]). 例文帳に追加

唐では儒学のほか、天文学や音楽、兵学などを学び、帰朝時には、経書（『唐礼』130巻）、天文暦書（『大衍暦経』1巻、『大衍暦立成』12巻）、日時計（測影鉄尺）、楽器（銅律管、鉄如方響、写律管声12条）、音楽書（『楽書要録』10巻）、弓(武器)（絃纏漆角弓、馬上飲水漆角弓、露面漆四節角弓各1張）、矢（射甲箭20隻、平射箭10隻）などを献上し、『東漢観記』を持ち来たらした。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Ama was seen in nearly every Buddhist sect in Japan, but after the Meiji Restoration the values of patriarchal authority based on Confucianism became widespread among people other than those of the former warrior class, so there was an example that ama was abolished, such as occurred in the Nichiren Shoshu sect in the Showa period, when nationalism also became influential. 例文帳に追加

尼は日本仏教のほぼ全ての宗派に置かれたが明治維新以降は儒教的な家父長制の価値観が旧武士階層以外にも広まり、これに加えて国粋主義も台頭した昭和期には日蓮正宗のように尼を廃止した例もある。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

At the age of 24, he wrote "Rogoshiki," where the thought of Confucianism, that of Taoism, and that of Buddhism were comparatively discussed, showing that what was taught popularly was not true (the title of "Rogoshiki" was later changed into "Sango shiiki," with the ten rhyme-based poems in the preface and at the end of the book revised). 例文帳に追加

24歳で儒教・道教・仏教の比較思想論でもある『聾瞽指帰（ろうごしいき）』を著して俗世の教えが真実でないことを示した（「聾瞽指帰」は、後に序文と巻末の十韻詩を改定、『三教指帰』（さんごうしいき）と改題されている）。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

In Confucianism, cremation is an act of mutilation to the body, and in the codes of Chinese imperial dynasties, its prohibition is clearly stated (Sumio NAKA, 'A study on Jeo chon Sim Yuk's Thought of Hwayi and of So Junghwa' (A study on Centric vs. Barbarian concept and Small Sino centrism in Jeo chon Sim Yuk (literary remains of Jeo chon, edited by Sim Yuk)), 'Academic Report of Kyoto Prefectural University, Humanities and Social Science,' December 2003: ISSN13433946). 例文帳に追加

儒教では火葬は身体の毀損行為であり、中国の歴代王朝の法典においても禁止が明記されている（中純夫「樗村沈錥における華夷観念と小中華思想」「京都府立大学学術報告人文・社会」2003年12月ISSN13433946）。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

In relation to this, Norinaga MOTOORI claimed in "The Tale of Genji Tama no Ogushi (A Small Jeweled Comb)" that "The Tale of Genji" shouldn't be interpreted depending on the 'foreign theories' of Confucianism and Buddhism, but that the work should be considered in and of itself, achieving the theory of 'Mono no Aware.' 例文帳に追加

これに対し、本居宣長は『源氏物語玉の小櫛』において、『源氏物語』を「外来の理論」である儒教や仏教に頼って解釈するべきではなく『源氏物語』そのものから導き出されるべきであるとし、その成果として「もののあはれ」論を主張した。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Beginning in the Meiji period, however, when looked at from an ultranationalist point of view, Chikafusa's book was denounced as far too heavily influenced by Confucianism, Buddhism, and the Ise sect of Shinto--which were all considered heretical--and for that reason, efforts were made to alter the text (to criticize Chikafusa's opinions) under the name of "the re-revision," but such efforts never really took root. 例文帳に追加

だが、明治になってから逆に国粋主義の立場から儒教や仏教、異端視された伊勢神道の影響を受けすぎているという理由で“重訂”という名の改竄（親房思想の否定）を行う動きも起こったが、これは定着には至らなかった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

After this, Chinese poetry and prose were made in Japan, and this trend reached its peak during the following three periods: In the ninth century, when SUGAWARA no Michizane was alive, the 15th century when <Gozan Bungaku> (Literally, Five Mountain Literature) flourished mainly in Zen temples, and the 18th century when Confucianism became widely known to samurai, also known as the period of Chazan KAN. 例文帳に追加

その後も、漢詩漢文は日本社会で作られ続けたが、広まりと高まりを見せたのは、9世紀の菅原道真の時期、15世紀の禅宗寺院を中心にした〈五山文学〉の時期、18世紀の儒学が武士たちに広まった菅茶山たちの時期である。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

In the present work, however, Genrin versed in Buddhism and Confucianism takes up the subject of each tale to explicate (critique) its specter or supernatural phenomenon on the basis of the day's rational thoughts such as the Yin-Yang Wu-Hsing Doctrine, quoting Chinese and Japanese proverbs. 例文帳に追加

しかし本書では仏教や儒教にも通じた元隣が、百物語のひとつひとつの話題をとりあげ、その妖怪・怪異現象を、陰陽五行思想をはじめとする当時の合理的な思惟に基き、和漢の故事を引用しつつ解説（評判）する。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Additionally, as a major characteristic of Ju-kyo in Japan, Ko-gaku (learning about ancient teachings), such as Sei-gaku (learning about saints) (Ko-gaku), Kogi-gaku (learning about ancient morals), and Komonji-gaku (learning about ancient words), which directly and empirically studied scriptures such as the Analects of Confucius without referring to interpretation by Neo-Confucianism or Yomei-gaku in the later ages, were started by Soko YAMAGA, Jinsai ITO, and Sorai OGYU, respectively. 例文帳に追加

また、日本の儒教の大きな特色として、朱子学や陽明学などの後世の解釈によらず、論語などの経典を直接実証的に研究する聖学（古学）、古義学、古文辞学などの古学が、それぞれ山鹿素行、伊藤仁斎、荻生徂徠によって始められた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Although a pure sense of worship for religion was not realized, an environment of present-day Japanese spirit and culture was formed based on the Shinto religion from the ancient times while adding mixtures of various kinds of foreign religions including Buddhism, Esoteric Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism, or 'Christianity' (also including a Christian culture in old times). 例文帳に追加

純粋な宗教的価値観の具現化でないとしても、古来からの神道が礎となってその上に仏教・密教や儒教や道教、あるいは「キリスト教」（古くはキリシタン文化）をも含め、さまざまな外来の宗教を混在させながら、今日ある日本の精神や文化の土壌は形成された。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

The northern branch of the Fujiwara clan (Fujiwara Hokke), of which Mototsune was an important progenitor (Nakaso), and the Murakami-Genji (Minamoto clan), which had a close relationship with the Fujiwara Hokke continued to hold sway over the Imperial Court, and before modern times, those putting forward the argument that Mototsune was similar to Huo Guang of the Former Han Dynasty, in that he was a "model vassal" who had toppled the tyrannical Emperor Yozei, were mainly scholars of Confucianism. 例文帳に追加

基経を中祖とする藤原北家および藤原北家と近しい関係にある村上源氏が朝廷の主流を占めつづけたこともあり、近代以前には暴君・陽成天皇を廃した「功臣」として前漢の霍光に擬える説が儒学者を中心に唱えられた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

However, his father was punished for negligence of duty by being removed from the position of superintendent officer of the district and placed under house arrest which forced the family into poverty and meant that Shinpei could proceed to tertiary education, so instead he studied at the private school of Shinyo EDAYOSHI, a scholar of Confucianism and ancient Japanese literature and culture, where he was influenced by Shinto and the principle of reverence for the Emperor. 例文帳に追加

しかし、父が職務怠慢の咎により郡目付役を解職永蟄居の処分となったため生活は困窮し外生課程に進学せずに弘道館教授で儒学・国学者であった枝吉神陽の私塾に学び、神道や尊皇思想に影響される。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

The theory of the Dark and the Light and the idea of unworldly men's world, which Atsutane taught based on Kodo, were, in fact, Chinese ancient philosophies that had been introduced in centuries past, especially Gengaku ('xuanxue', philosophy fused by Confucianism and Taoism during the period from the third century until the fifth century) and Shinsendo ('shenxiandao', method for becoming unworldly man); Gengaku was regarded as the scholar to analyze the essence beneath the surface of the phenomenon. 例文帳に追加

篤胤の提唱する古道に於ける幽顕の弁や神仙思想とは、実は皇国に古来から伝播した玄学(神仙道)の事であり、玄学とは現象を動かす物の奥にある本質を解明する学問の事である。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

He underwent Buddhism ascetic practice at Nishi Hongan-ji Temple's gakuryo (where he became a teacher of Inmyo-gaku at the gakuryo later), Yakushi-ji Temple, Kokei-ji Temple in Yamatokoriyama and other temples, and studied Buddhism, Neo-Confucianism, Japanese classical literature, and waka (a traditional Japanese poem of thirty-one syllables) at various places (his father had died before he was born and his mother died when he was six years old). 例文帳に追加

西本願寺の学寮（後に同学寮因明学教授）、薬師寺、大和郡山の光慶寺等で仏道修行、各地で仏道・朱子学・国学・和歌を学ぶ（父は出生前に他界、母も六歳の時に亡くなった）。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Kamajiro had learned Confucianism and Sinology at Shoheizaka Gakumonjo (Shoheizaka School) and English at a private school of John Manjiro since he was a child, and at the age of nineteen he went to Hakodate, Ezochi (inhabited area of Ainu, now Hakodate City, Hokkaido) as a follower of Toshihiro HORI, who was an ongoku-bugyo (the collective name of the magistrates placed at important areas directly controlled by the government in Edo period), and took part in the exploration of Sakhalin. 例文帳に追加

釜次郎は幼少の頃から昌平坂学問所で儒学・漢学、ジョン万次郎の私塾で英語を学び、19歳で遠国奉行堀利煕の従者として蝦夷地箱館（現北海道函館市）に赴き、樺太探検に参加する。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

When he became acquainted with Nakasu MISHIMA, who's dissertated theory of the union of morality and economy and was a disciple of Hokoku YAMADA, who was a scholar of Yomeigaku neo-Confucianism and reformed domain duties in Bicchu-matsuyama Domain in the same visions as Eichi at the end of the Edo period, they identified each other and Eichi started to be closely related with MISHIMA. 例文帳に追加

また、幕末に栄一と同じ観点から備中松山藩の藩政改革にあたった陽明学者山田方谷の門人で「義利合一論」（義＝倫理・利＝利益）を論じた三島中洲と知り合うと、両者は意気投合して栄一は三島と深く交わるようになる。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Kien studied further into the art of divination ('ekigaku' in Japanese), and based on his own philological theory did he advance a 'Kaibutsu-ron' theory (literally, 'kai' means opening and 'butsu' means objects, the 'kai-butsu' referring to a method of grasping the meaning of a word by voicing it so as to understand an object via name) which interpreted a relationship between 'name' and 'object,' and published books annotating many basic literature for Confucianism (which literature was called 'Keisho'), the books including "Roshi" (Lao Tzu or Lao-tse or Lao·zi; literally "Master Lao"), "Soshi" (Zhuangzi or Chuang-tzu; literally "Master Zhuang"), "Resshi" (Liezi or Lièzĭ or Lieh Tzu; literally "Master Lie") and "Rongo" (Lunyu in Chinese or Analects in English, also known as the Analects of Confucius). 例文帳に追加

易学について研究を深め、独自の言語論により「名」と「物」との関係を解釈する開物論を唱え、「老子」「荘子」「列子」「論語」など多くの経書に対する注釈書を著した。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

In 1657, he returned to his native place and started popularizing neo-Confucianism; in 1675 and 1680, he was reprimanded by the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) for the description about Christianity in the entry of Kiyohide NAKAGAWA, a retainer of the Toyotomi clan, in his book 'Nihon kokon jinbutsushi' and sentenced to several years' imprisonment in Iwakuni. 例文帳に追加

1657年に帰郷して、朱子学を広めたが、1675年と1680年との2度にわたって著作「日本古今人物史」で、豊臣氏家臣・中川清秀のキリスト教関係記述部分について、幕府から指摘を受け、岩国で数年間の禁錮に処された。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Mabuchi wrote "Kokuiko" to refute an affirmation by Shundai DAZAI, who succeeded Sorai OGYU's teachings and wrote "Bendosho" (Book on Instruction), which especially blasphemed Shinto and advocated that there was no 'michi' (literally, the "way") in Japan during the reign of Emperor Jimmu and up until the reign of Emperor Kinmei, and that "Shinto" (Way of Gods) was established due to the advent of Confucianism. 例文帳に追加

荻生徂徠のあとを受けて太宰春台がその著『辯道書』において、特に神道をおとしめて神武天皇から欽明天皇のころまでの日本には、「道」というものがなく、儒教が到来することによって「神道」が成立することになった、という主張を反駁するために『国意考』が書かれた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

However, a movement to establish Shinto as a state religion continued to be inactive because of disorder by Haibutsu-kishaku (a movement to abolish Buddhism), confrontation with Domains' emphasis on Confucianism and Buddhism which still operated function as local government, difference of policy among scholars of the Japanese classics, and moreover, demand for an end of oppression of Christianity from the West. 例文帳に追加

だが、廃仏毀釈による混乱や未だ地方政府としての機能を有していた藩の儒教・仏教重視理念との対立、神祇省内部の国学者間の路線対立、更に欧米からのキリスト教弾圧停止要求も重なって神道国教化の動きは不振が続いた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

The level of unification of bushi and bushidan was very mild and completely unrelated to bushidan imported from Confucianism during the Edo period such as 'be faithful to one's master and be dutiful to one's parents' as well as being far from the image of Sengoku period (Japan). 例文帳に追加

武士、または武士団の結合度は、「忠君孝親」というような江戸時代に儒教から輸入された武士道とは全く無縁であるのはもちろん、同じように武士道とは無縁であった戦国時代(日本)のイメージからもほど遠く、極めて緩やかなものであった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

The following eleven books were established as the major Myogyo textbooks during the Heian period: the three Sankyo (three classics on Confucianism) called Shikyo, Shokyo and Ekikyo; the three Sanrai (three classical texts on rites) called Shurai, Girai and Raiki; the three Sanden (three classics on a Chinese history book "Shunju") called Shunju Sashiden, Shunju Kuyoden and Shunju Kokuryoden; as well as the "Rongo" and "Kokyo." 例文帳に追加

教科書は平安時代に三経（詩経・書経・易経）、三礼（周礼・儀礼・礼記）、三伝（春秋左氏伝・春秋公羊伝・春秋穀梁伝）及び『論語』『孝経』の１１経が主な教材として確立された。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

During the early Heian period, Myogyodo separated into the two schools called "Sanraigaku" and "Sandengaku" and debates took place between them; the arguments stagnated after the middle of the Heian period, however, once Myogyodo itself came to have the characteristics of a training course for becoming a professional on Confucianism. 例文帳に追加

平安時代初期には三礼学派・三伝学派という流れが成立して両者の間で論争が行われたが、平安時代中期以降は明経道そのものが儒教の専門家養成コースのような性格を持つようになって学術論争が沈滞していった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

In the medieval period when Shisho (the Four Books of Confucianism) became valued under the influence of the Sung Study (Neo-Confucian), 'Myogyodo shisho' was newly established in Myogyodo, and in defiance of this, okototen called Gakkoten was set up to maintain the prerogative in learning in the Ashikaga School. 例文帳に追加

中世に入ると、宋学の影響によって四書が重視されるようになると、明経道において新たに「明経道四書」を制定し、また足利学校でもこれに対抗して学校点と呼ばれる乎古登点を定めて学術における特権維持を図った。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

In the Heian period, the position of sho hakase became monopolized by the Saeki clan of Tado District, Sanuki Province but as demonstrated by the fact that Jichie, who is thought to have been the first To-ji choja (the chief abbot of To-ji Temple), studied Confucianism under SAEKI no Sakemaro, sho hakase (although Jichie himself was of the Saeki clan. 例文帳に追加

平安時代に入ると、書博士の地位を讃岐国多度郡出身の佐伯氏が独占するようになるが、初代東寺長者とされる実恵が書博士の佐伯酒麻呂らから儒学を学んだと伝えられる（ただし、実恵自身も佐伯氏の出身である。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

It is because in China, the native land of ritsuryo, only Confucianism (=Myogyodo) was recognized as the study of worthy men and the other studies including law were recognized as Hogi which were regarded as less worthy and the ritsuryo legal codes in Japan were affected by such a trend. 例文帳に追加

これは、律令の母国である中国において、儒教（＝明経道）のみを君子の学問として、法学を含めたその他の学術を方技として扱って学問としての価値を認めない風潮があったことに日本の律令法も影響を受けたためと考えられている。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Later, as those who experienced monjo hakase, instead of those who experienced myogyo hakase, began dominating important positions such as daigaku no kami, jidoku (imperial tutor) and shikibu no taifu (Senior Assistant Minister of the Ministry of Ceremonial) and some were even promoted to kugyo, monjodo sometimes became involved in Confucianism, which was under myogyodo's control. 例文帳に追加

やがて、文章博士経験者が従来の明経博士経験者に代わって大学頭・侍読・式部大輔などの要職を独占して公卿に昇進する者も登場するようになり、明経道が管轄する儒学に関する事柄にも文章道が関与することもあった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

During the Ming Dynasty, Shushigaku (Neo-Confucianism) became the national education and learning was practiced for worldly profit to pass the Kakyo, and was used by the establishment to create community morals in autonomous villages, causing the learning of the saints, which valued moral practice, to deteriorate. 例文帳に追加

明代、国家教学となった朱子学は、科挙合格という世俗的な利益のためにおこなわれ、また体制側でも郷村での共同体倫理確立に朱子学を用い、道徳的実践を重んじた聖人の学としての本質を損なうようになった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Thereafter, Fujiwara Shikike produced FUJIWARA no Tadabumi, who put down FUJIWARA no Sumitomo's War, and FUJIWARA no Sukeyo, who was involved with the Ako Incident, but from the middle of the Heian period, only a couple of families managed to keep their lines known as those that rose on the basis of Confucianism, and few could remain until the Kamakura period. 例文帳に追加

その後は、藤原純友の乱を平定した藤原忠文や、阿衡事件に関与した藤原佐世等を輩出したものの、平安時代中期以降は儒学によって立身する家系として数家がしばらく血統を保つのみとなり、鎌倉時代まで続いた家はほとんどなかった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

As in 'it is unfortunate for us (Japan) that there are neighboring countries,' that were Shina/China (Qing) and Chosen (Joseon Dynasty Korea), he pointed out that both countries had been rejecting modernization and concentrating on an old business-as-usual system based on Confucianism, etc. to 'remain nationally independent under this violent wind of civilization eastward.' 例文帳に追加

その上で、「不幸なるは近隣に国あり」として、支那（清）と朝鮮（李氏朝鮮）を挙げ、両者が近代化を拒否して儒教など旧態依然とした体制にのみ汲々とする点を指摘し「今の文明東漸の風潮に際し、迚も其独立を維持するの道ある可らず」と論じる。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

As part of the lifestyle guidance progrram, on three days a month, namely 3, 13, and 23, from 5 to 8 pm, a lecture was given by Doni NAKAZAWA, an expert on Sekimon Shingaku (giving clear teachings and episodes of humanity, loyalty, and justice by mixing Shintoism, Buddhism, and Confucianism). 例文帳に追加

生活指導プログラムとして、月3回三のつく日の暮六つ時から五つ時まで石門心学（神道・仏教・儒教を混ぜて仁義忠孝や因果応報などの教訓や逸話をわかりやすく説く）の大家・中沢道二の講義も実施された。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

There was the notion of the Korea-centered Tenka in the period of old dynasties like Goguryeo, Silla, and Baekje as well as in the Goryeo period, but the notion was criticized from the standpoint of meibunron (the theory of justification of titles and social standings) when Neo-Confucianism was introduced in the late Goryeo period. 例文帳に追加

高句麗・新羅・百済の古代王朝、そして高麗の時代にも朝鮮を中心とする独自の天下概念がなかったわけではないが、高麗後期に朱子学が流入すると、名分論の立場から朝鮮中心の天下的世界認識に批判が加えられた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

The philosophy of sho-chuka brought the trend to regard Yomei-gaku (Neo-Confucianism based on the teachings of Wang Yangming), which was popular in China in the Ming dynasty but was not so in Korea, as a heresy, as well as the cognition to define China ruled under the Qing dynasty as "China subjugated by iteki (barbarians)," and accordingly it promoted the idea that Korea is the mainstream of chuka (China). 例文帳に追加

小中華主義は明代中国に流行しながら朝鮮では流行しなかった陽明学を異端視する風潮、清朝による中国支配を「中国が夷狄の支配に服するもの」と規定する認識となり、朝鮮こそが中華の本流であるという思想をはぐくんだ。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

O Fushi, who lived from the end of the Ming era to the beginning of the Quin era, criticized Neo-Confucianism which highly regarded "Daigaku" by arguing that "平天下" (to put "Tenka" in order) described in "Daigaku" was no more than the philosophy of ruling a nation (namely, "治国") and that it could not be applied to the level of Tenka. 例文帳に追加

明末清初の王夫之は『大学』のあげる「平天下」はつまるところ国を治めるための思想（すなわち「治国」）を述べるに過ぎず、天下の次元には通用しないものであると述べて、これを尊重する朱子学を批判した。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

The challenge of this government was 'how to enhance the status and authority of the shogunate, regardless of a shogun's own personality,' due to the fact that Shogun Ietsugu was not gifted with longevity and he was immature, and therefore, it can be said that the policies in this age were under the influence of Neo-Confucianism just as in the age of Tsunayoshi. 例文帳に追加

この政権の課題は、将軍が短命･幼弱ということもあり、「如何にして将軍個人の人格よりも将軍職の地位とその権威を高めるか」であり、綱吉の頃と同様、朱子学の影響を受けた政策と言える。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

From the Confucianism and natural law perspective, the public and moral characteristics of "Bankoku Koho" were considered to have been derived from heaven (nature); however, from the 'social evolutionism' perspective, this same heaven was said to promote competition between countries in order to facilitate their evolution through friendly rivalry. 例文帳に追加

儒教的・自然法的な『万国公法』理解は、その公的・道徳的性格は天（自然）に由来するものだと受け止められていたが、「社会進化論」においてはその同じ天が各国間の競争を促し切磋琢磨することで進化させるのだと説いた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Most of the monjo which were created by authorities and reports collected from various provinces under ritsuryo system (the historical law system based on the philosophies of Confucianism and Chinese Legalism in Japan) were disposed of after a short period (except koseki [Japanese family registry] - these were kept a little longer, for about 30 years), but the Sutra copying office at Todai-ji Temple used the back sides of the waste monjo as ledger paper. 例文帳に追加

律令制下で官庁が作成した文書や諸国からの報告書のほとんどは短期間（戸籍の保存期間は比較的長く30年）で廃棄されていたが、東大寺写経所では廃棄文書の裏面を帳簿として再利用していた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

While the old takai-kan suggested that takai was the undefined world such as yominokuni (Hades) shown in Kojiki (The Records of Ancient Matters) as well as the dim world which people would go after their death, the new takai-kan defined takai in detail, influenced by Taoism and Confucianism, therefore it imposed a heavy responsibility on each person because the new takai included Jigoku (hell) where people were tormented. 例文帳に追加

旧来は古事記に見られるような明確な定義の無い黄泉の国の他界観で、漠然と死後ただ行く世界であったのに対し、死した後の世界を詳細に定義付けた地獄(仏教)の他界観は道教と儒教の影響を色濃く受けた、人一人一人に対し厳しいものであったと言える。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Kukai, who tried to move beyond this status quo, wrote 'Shugei Shuchiin School Shiki narabinijo' ("Shoryoshu" (Collected Works of Prose and Poetry of Kukai) with ten volumes) in 828, proposing the establishment of an educational facility that would fully provide school lunches to all students and teachers; where all people could learn whatever their social status, rich and poor alike; and where both secular people and priests could comprehensively learn all manner of thought and liberal arts, such as Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism and so on. 例文帳に追加

空海は、こうした現状を打破しようと、天長5年付で「綜芸種智院式并序」（『性霊集』巻十）を著して、全学生・教員への給食制を完備した身分貧富に関わりなく学ぶことのできる教育施設、俗人も僧侶も儒教・仏教・道教などあらゆる思想・学芸を総合的に学ぶことのできる教育施設の設立を提唱した。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

After the Meiji Restoration, however, patriarchy based on Confucianism was expanded not only to the former samurai (warrior) class, but also to farm and merchant families at large, and the idea of Henjo Nanshi came to be dealt with, throughout the world of Japanese Buddhism including various schools of the Hokke Sect, as a basis to justify misogyny based on Confucian patriarchy, and a slogan that says "women cannot become any Buddha" in literal terms. 例文帳に追加

しかし明治維新後儒教的な家父長制が旧武士階層のみならず一般の農商家にも拡大されると文字通り「女人は成仏できない」という儒教的家父長制による女性蔑視の正当性を証明する根拠として法華系諸宗派を初めとする日本仏教全体で扱われるようになった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Especially after Japan's defeat in the Pacific War in 1945, the Constitution of Japan, in which gender equality is declared, was promulgated and predominance of men over women based on Confucianism was denied according to the indication of the occupying forces, which resulted in the interpretation of Henjo Nanshi being shifted from one, which is that a woman can become a Buddha by changing into a man, to another, which is that a woman demonstrates her Buddhahood by her male appearance. 例文帳に追加

また、特に昭和20年の太平洋戦争敗戦後男女平等を謳う日本国憲法が発布され進駐軍の意向で儒教的な男尊女卑の考えが否定されると男子に成ることで成仏できるのではなく、成仏したことを男子の姿で表したといったように解釈が変更された。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

An ancient book of Chinese Confucianism "Raiki" ("Liji") first described Shojo as "a parrot can talk, but that is nothing but a bird; a shojo can talk, but that is nothing but an animal", and some annotations on "Raiki" explained that Shojo resembled large anthropoid apes such as orangutan (in the past, some Japanese called orangutan 'shojo'); in Japan, they had been given other characters, and became legend and even dramatis personae of traditional performing arts. 例文帳に追加

元来は礼記に「鸚鵡は能く言して飛鳥を離れず。猩々は能く言して禽獣を離れず」とあるのが出典で、後代の注ではしばしばオランウータンなどの大型類人猿に擬せられるが（猩々はオランウータンの和名のひとつでもある）、一方で各種の説話や芸能によってさまざまなイメージが付託されて現在に及んでいる。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Like Shi, Geki was originally a high ranking post to serve as a stepping-stone toward higher posts for low ranking officials who excelled at Confucianism and writing; but after the Kamakura period, the post was inherited by the Funabashi family (Kiyohara clan) and the Oshikoji family (Nakahara clan), both of which were families that had produced Myogyodo scholars for generations, and some members were appointed to Kokusoin betto which had been traditionally held by the nobles. 例文帳に追加

本来は顕官の1つとして史_(律令制)とともに儒学・文筆に優れた下級官人が任じられて昇進への足がかりとする役職であったが、鎌倉時代以後には明経道の家柄であった舟橋家（清原氏）・押小路家（中原氏）両家の世襲となり、また従来は公卿が任じられていた穀倉院別当に任命されるものもいた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

In the Edo period, once the study of ancient Japanese thought, classics, and Shinto became popular under the view point of criticizing beliefs from overseas like Confucianism and Buddhism, the belief of Shinkoku was widely accepted, it developed the principle of excluding foreigners in the face of pressure from Western ships coming to Japan in the last days of the Tokugawa shogunate, the movement of "Revere the Emperor and expel the barbarians" (19th century slogan advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of the barbarians or foreigners) was established which caused of the fall of the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun). 例文帳に追加

江戸時代には儒教や仏教などの外来思想に批判的な立場から古典や神道を研究する国学が盛んになると、神国思想もまた広く受け入れられるようになり、それが幕末の黒船来航などの外的圧力の増大とともに攘夷論へと発展し、尊王攘夷運動が展開されてやがて江戸幕府滅亡の原因となった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

After Meiji Restoration, she had an influential voice in politics and wrote many petitions that earned her a nickname "petition lady" although because her ideas based on Confucianism conflicted with the new government's policy that placed importance on the cultures of Europe and America, the prominent people of the new government gradually stayed away from her. 例文帳に追加

明治維新後は皇后付き女官として政治的にも絶大な発言力を誇るようになり、建白書を多く書いたことから「建白女」とあだ名されるまでに至るが、儒教に根本を置く彼女の理想は、欧米文化を重視する新政府の方針と対立することが多く、次第に新政府要人から警戒されるようになる。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス